1、Section AStarting out&Understanding ideasget back up重新站/爬起来避免做某事avoid doing sth.别扭地坐在上sit uncomfortablyhundreds of times数百次，几百次in pain做某事处于痛苦中，疼痛被认为是，被称为as;forWhat is clown doctor？What can they do？are professional clowns who work in health care settings such as hospitals.They often work with sick ch
2、ildren.Although the idea seems strange at first,the entertaining performances provided by clown doctors do help to combat the stresses of illness and injury.Hospital patients not only face pain and discomfort,they must also deal with fear,boredom,anxiety and loneliness.The techniques used by clown d
3、octors,including humour,music,storytelling and magic shows,keep patients entertained.Most importantly,they keep patients laughing and laughter has been shown to reduce pain and stress levels,and to boost the immune system.Humour also helps to promote a positive outlook and helps people to make frien
4、ds with each other,both of which are important factors in healing and fighting disease.Clown doctors are more familiar in the West.The first clown doctor,Patch Adams,worked in the US in the 1970s.What do you think the best medicine is?And why?This clown works in a hospital or other healthcare facili
5、ties.His job is to comfort,entertain and cheer up patients,their families as well as the hospital staff in order to remove their nervousness and make them feel better.As I approach the hospital wearing my white coat,I look just like any other doctor.1）本句中的As引导时间状语从句；wearing my white coat作伴随状语。2）appr
6、oach在这里是及物动词，意为“接近”它还可以作不及物动词。例如：Our holiday is approaching but we still havent decided where to go.(假期已 经临近了.可是我们还没决定好去哪儿。）3）在any other doctor 中,any意为“任何一个”，所以doctor用单数形式。People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs,looking through old magazines,all of which have been read hundreds of times previousl
7、y.Paraphrase:People sit on plastic chairs uncomfortably,reading old magazines,which have been read a lot of times before.looking through old magazines作伴随状语；all of which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰old magazines。Anxious parents do what they can to comfort nervous and crying children.Paraphrase:Anxious parents do ev
8、erything they can to comfort nervous and crying children.what they can 是省略句,补充完整是what they can do;to comfort.是动词不定式作目的状语。In the middle of this particular scene I spot a small girl whose ankle is twice its normal size.Paraphrase:In the middle of this special scene I notice a small girl;this girls ank
9、le is two times bigger than its normal size.whose ankle is twice its normal size 是定语从句,修饰先行词 girl;twice its normal size意为“是它正常大小的两倍大”，这是固定句式，其中twice作限定词，后面接度量名词（表示大小、高度、长度、重量、数量、宽度等），twice也可以换为其他表示倍数的表达，即 times（倍数）+the/its+size/height/length/weight/amount/width+of.例如：The new house is four times the
10、size of the old one.新房子是旧房子的四倍大。Paraphrase:I speak with the nurse on duty,who tells me that Laras parents sent her to the hospital quickly after she fell off her bicycle.rush 在本句中是及物动词,意为to take or send someone or something somewhere very quickly because of an unexpected problem“（尤因意外事件而）急送（某人或某物去某处
11、）”。例如：Dan was rushed to hospital with serious head injuries.(Dan 因头部重伤被急速送往医院。）rush 还可以作不及物动词，意为to move very quickly,especially because you need to be somewhere very soon“（尤因赶路而）急速行进，冲，奔”。例如：Dont rush,for we have plenty of time.(别着急，我们还有很多时间。）Although its the doctors and nurses who will treat her in
12、jury,its my job to make her feel better.its the doctors and nurses who will treat her injury 是强调句式。强调句式的结构是“it+be+强调的部分（主语/宾语/状语）+that(如果强调人，可以用who）+句子的剩余部分”。本句的非强调句式是Although the doctors and nurses will treat her injury,its my job to make her feel better.如果要强调I saw her yesterday in the teachers off
13、ice.这句话中的不同成分，可对句子进行如下的改写：It was in the teachers office that I saw her yesterday.(强调地点状语)It was yesterday that I saw her in the teachers office.(强调时间状语)It was her that/who I saw yesterday in the teachers office.(强调宾语)Match the questions to the paragraphs and find out the answers.p a Which patient is
14、 in need of the clown doctors attention and why?p b What is a clown doctor and why did the author choose to be one?p c How does the author feel after a days work?p d What are the responsibilities of a clown doctor?p e How does the clown doctor help the patient?p f What does this clown doctor wear an
15、d what is his working environment like?a-2 A small girl called Lara is in need of the clown doctors attention,because she fell off her bicycle and spent her time crying in pain.b-3 A clown doctor is a specially trained clown who works as part of a programme known as hospital clowning;the clown docto
16、r helps people(patients)by entertaining them.The author chose to be a clown doctor because of his frightening and boring experience of going to hospital when he was a kid.c-6 He is still wearing a big smile as he remembers all the fun and laughter of the day,because he believes that laughter is the
17、best medicine.d-4 A clown doctor visits hospitals and other health care facilities,working together with medical professionals to cheer up patients,their families and the hospital staff.e-5 He gets the patients attention by doing a magic trick-he produces the patients sock from out of his pocket.f-1
18、 This clown doctor wears a white coat,a curly rainbow wig,and a big red nose.His working environment is boring and tense.health care facilitiesnervous,pain or bored the hospital staff magic tricks a friendlier place to visitSimilarities:wear white coats,work in hospitals or other health care facilit
19、ies,aim to make patients and their family members feel betterClown doctors:train as actors put on curly rainbow wigs and big red noses may have no or little medical knowledge usually help children cant do medical examinations for patients cheer up patients,their families,and the hospital staffMedical doctors:need medical training,neednt act as actors but humour is preferred,of course,usually help patients of all ages,give medical prescriptions relieve patients physical pain
