1、Unit 5 Revealing natureS e c t i o n B U s i n g L a n g u a g e目录Pre-class01While-class02After-class0301Pre-classLeading in Vocabulary declare declare.（to b）布/宣称为declare war on.向宣战declare against 反对declare for.声明赞成/支持练习：Angry residents have declared war _ the owners of the factory.onLeading in Voca
2、bulary blameblame sb./sth.for sth.=blame sth.on sb./sth.把某事归咎于某人/某物sb./sth.is to blame（for sth.）某人/某事物（对某事）负有责任take/accept the blame（for sth.）承担（某事的）责任outlay/place the blame on sb.把责任归咎于某人the blame lies with sb.责任在于某人练习：Marie still blames herself _ Patricks deathforLeading in Vocabulary decline decl
3、ine by 减少了decline in.在方面降低decline to do sth.拒绝做某事a decline in.在方面的下降in decline/on the decline在下降fall/go into decline开始衰落 练习：There has been a decline _ the size of families.inLeading in Vocabulary be harmful to do harm to sb./sth.=do sb./sth.harm对有害cause sb./sth.harm对造成伤害suffer harm受到伤害do more harm t
4、han good弊大于利come to no harm/not come to any harm没有受到伤害mean no harm/not mean any harm无意伤害，没有恶意 练习：Try to reduce the use of chemicals that are _ (harm)to the environment.harmful Leading in Vocabulary be home to be/feel at home舒适自在，不拘束；驾轻就熟，运用自如make sb.feel at home使某人感到宾至如归find a home for sth.找地方安置某物hi
5、t/drive/hammer sth.home直接明确阐述某事物（使人充分理解）bring sth.home to sb.使某人充分意识到某事（的严重性、难度或危险性）hit/strike home（言语等）正中要害；（形势、经历）使人豁然省悟练习：Warwick is home _ some 550 international students.to Activity 1Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.a Darwin suspected that the finches had
6、evolved from a common ancestor,.b Many people refused to believe that living things,including humans,had evolved from lower forms of life.01 In sentence(a),which action happened first,suspected or evolved from a common ancestor?1 In sentence(a),evolved from a common ancestor happened first.2 In sent
7、ence(b),which action happened first,refused to believe or evolved from lower forms of life?2 In sentence(b),evolved from lower forms of life happened first.03 What does the structure had done indicate?3 It indicates the action happened before a certain past action.02While-class过去完成时构成：had+动词的过去分词用法：
8、（1）表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。这一过去时间可用by，before等构成的短语及when,before,after,by the time等引导的状语从句表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作或上下文来表示。By the end of last year，we had produced 20,000 cable cars.到去年年底，我们已经生产了两万辆缆车。The barber had shaved himself before attending yesterdays wedding.理发师在参加昨天的婚礼前剃了胡子。（2）表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去
9、另一时间的动作，这个动作可能还要延续下去，常与for,since构成的表示一段时间的短语或since引导的表示一段时间的从句连用。The worker said he had worked for the employer since last year.这个工人说他从去年开始就为雇主工作。（3）表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算或意图等。常用had hoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/expected等，相当于上述动词过去式接不定式完成式，即hoped/planned.to have done。I had planned to come,but
10、I was prevented by the bad weather.我本来打算来的，但被坏天气阻止了。2 常用过去完成时的句式（1）It/This/That was the first/secondtime that sb.had done sth.这/那是某人第一次/第二次做某事。（2）表示一.的hardly/scarcely.when.,no sooner.than.句式中，含hardly/scarcely,no sooner的分句常用过去完成时，且当hardly,scarcely,no sooner置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。（3）虚拟语气中表示与过去事实相反的假设，if从句和wis
11、h/would rather/only if后的从句中用过去完成时。3过去完成时与其他时态的区别（1）过去完成时与一般过去时的区别：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作，即“过去的过去”；而一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。“时间名词+before”在句子中作状语，句子用过去完成时；“时间名词+ago”在句中作状语，句子用一般过去时。（2）过去完成时和现在完成时的区别：现在完成时以“现在”作为时间参照来谈论过去；而过去完成时则以“过去”作为时间参照来谈论更远的过去。Activity 2Yuan Longping was born in Beijing in 1930.Y
12、uan Longping was born in Beijing in 1930.After he graduated from university in the After he graduated from university in the early1950s,he dedicated himself to the research of early1950s,he dedicated himself to the research of agriculture.Yuan had the idea to create a new agriculture.Yuan had the id
13、ea to create a new breed of rice in the 1960s.Since then,he has breed of rice in the 1960s.Since then,he has worked tirelessly to research and develop a better worked tirelessly to research and develop a better rice breed.In 1973 he and his collaborators rice breed.In 1973 he and his collaborators m
14、anaged to cultivate a hybrid rice species that was managed to cultivate a hybrid rice species that was superior to many others.This species produced 20 superior to many others.This species produced 20 per cent more rice per plant than the commonly per cent more rice per plant than the commonly grown
15、 varieties.For his achievements and grown varieties.For his achievements and contributions,Yuan is known as the father of contributions,Yuan is known as the father of hybrid rice and was awarded the Medal of the hybrid rice and was awarded the Medal of the Republic in 2019.Republic in 2019.Activity
16、2Gregor Mendel(18221884)was an influential botanist.Mendel worked out the basic principles of heredity by experimenting with plants.In1866,he published his findings,showing how invisible factors(now known as genes)are responsible for predictable visible traits.As a result of his work,he became known
17、 as the father of modern genetics.Activity 2a Natural disasters led to food shortages in the 1960s.b Yuan Longping began to do research on hybrid rice.c Yuan Longping developed a better type of rice.Yuan Longping 1_ to do research on hybrid rice because natural disasters 2 _ food shortages in the 19
18、60s.In the end,he 3 _ a better type of rice.began had led todevelopedActivity 2a Gregor Mendel chose to study pea plants because their characteristics were easy to control.b Gregor Mendel made important discoveries about genetics.c Gregor Mendel died in 1884.Gregor Mendel 4 _ study pea plants becaus
19、e their characteristics were easy to control.By the time of his death in 1884,he 5 _ important discoveries about genetics.chose tohad madActivity 3Lonesome Georgewas the last Pinta Island tortoise.He died in 2012.After Georges death,the Pinta Island tortoise was declared extinct.The extinction of th
20、e Pinta Island tortoise is blamed on humans.Before humans 1_ on the island,the species 2 _ in isolation and 3 _ the plants that naturally grew there.George was discovered many years after their arrival,and by then humans 4 _ new species that _ 5 for the food the tortoises ate.After goats in particular had been brought to the island,the Pinta Island tortoise population 6 _.Eventually,only George remained.arrived had lived eatenhad introduced competed declined03After-class012030谢谢观看
