1、青少年时养成的好习惯能让人受益终身。亚里士多德1Learn how to use noun phrases,adjective phrases,and adverb phrases.Learn to improve a draft3Learn to know the structure of the sentence 2单元学习目标 短语是由句法、语义和语用三个层面上能够搭配组合起来的没有句调的语言单位，又叫词组。它是大于词而又不成句的语法单位。简单的短语可以充当复杂短语的句法成分，短语加上句调可以成为句子。由语法上能够搭配的词组合起来的没有句调的语言单位。从功能上可以分为名词性短语（Noun
2、 Phrase或NP）、形容词性短语（Adjective Phrase或AdjP）、副词性短语（Adverb Phrase或AdvP）、介词短语（Prepositional Phrase或PP）和动词短语（Verb Phrase或VP）。本单元重点学习前三种短语的用法。基本知识概述短语类型短语类型组成组成功能功能例子例子名词短语名词短语（Noun Phrase）（限定词）（限定词）+（形容（形容词、形容词短语、描词、形容词短语、描述性名词）述性名词）+名词名词+（介词短语）（介词短语）在句中当作名词用，一般用作主语、表语或并与补语a beautiful campussome school cl
3、ubsa beautiful campus of my school形容词短语形容词短语（Adjective Phrase）（副词）（副词）+形容词形容词+（介词短语）（介词短语）在句中当作形容词用，在句中当作形容词用，可以修饰名词或代词，可以修饰名词或代词，还可以用作表语或者还可以用作表语或者宾语补语。宾语补语。very suitablereally very confusingstrong enoughgood for nothing副词短语副词短语（Adverb Phrase）（副词）副词）+副词副词在句中当作副词用，在句中当作副词用，可以修饰动词、形容可以修饰动词、形容词或副词。词或副
4、词。very quicklyquite wellfar too fastmuch more creative具体用法详解1.名词性短语(Noun Phrases)是指语法功能相当于名词的一类短语。名词性短语一般可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语、宾补、同位语等成分。充当主语 例如：Two of my brothers friends came to see him off.我哥哥的两个朋友为他送行。A few black dogs are playing on the grassland.几只黑色的狗在草地上玩耍。分 类 解 析 充当宾语 例如：I have several tasks to f
5、inish.我有几个任务需要去完成。Tom wants to buy a sports car.汤姆想买一辆跑车。充当表语 例如：People believe that being helpful is one of the most important qualities.人们认为乐于助人是重要的品质之一。My hometown is a beautiful place for people to live in.我的家乡是一个漂亮的适合居住的地方。充当宾补 例如：We all call him cunning fox.我们都叫他狡猾的狐狸。He gave me three boxes of
6、 chocolates.他给了我三盒巧克力。充当同位语 例如：Miss Li,our math teacher,is very young.我们的数学老师非常年轻。Obama,president of America,is also a great lawyer.2.形容词短语(Adjective Phrases).形容词短语是指由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成的短语。如果两个或多个形容词可以由and,but等并列连词连接,构成形容词短语。其功能一般可以在句子中充当定语、表语、宾补等成分。充当定语 例如：The box full of candies belongs to Mary.装满糖果
7、的盒子是玛丽的。Can you see the kite flying in the sky?你能看见天上放飞的风筝吗？充当表语 例如：The meeting room is large and beautiful.会议室大且美丽。The little boy is old enough to go to school.这个小男孩到了上学的年龄了。充当宾语补足语 例如：We found them tired and sleepy.我们发现他们又累又困。Our chemistry teacher made his class lively and interesting.我们化学老师的课既生动又
8、有趣。3.副词短语（Adverb Phrases）副词短语是以副词为中心的短语，在句子中的作用相当于一个副词，通常在句中作状语。例如：Strangely enough,she didnt seem to like ballet very much.很奇怪，看起来她不怎么喜欢芭蕾舞。You should do things much more carefully.做事情时你应该更加仔细 写出下列划线短语的构成形式及其在句中所作的成分 1.Mary is a lovely girl whom all the students want to make friends with._ 2.I have
9、 some interesting English storybooks._ 3.He is a very careless driver._ 4.The problem made me really confused._ 实 战 演 练名词短语；作表语名词短语；作宾语形容词短语；作定语形容词短语；作宾语补足语 5.Though he always studies very hard,he failed again in last exam._ 6.We all consider him a good player._ 7.I am terribly sorry to have you wai
10、ting for such a long time._ 8.Some old fashioned clothes are on sale in that supermarket._名词短语；作主语形容词短语：作表语名词短语；作宾语补足语副词短语；作状语 能 力 提 升Learn to improve a draft （对课本P16的文章进行修改润色）Ive always wanted to be a high school cheerleader.Yesterday,I tried out for my schools cheerleading team.It was really hard.
11、First,we had to dance up and down around the basketball court for 20 minutes.The teacher showed us how to move,and then we tried very hard.Second,we practised singing a short fight song about the school basketball team.Finally,some of the stronger girls had to lift their partners.The other girls jumped very high and cheered so loudly.I think I did quite well in the try-out,but many of the other girlswere even better.Im not so sure whether Ill make the cheerleading team this year or not.习 作 赏 析THANKS
