1、Grammar and usageEmphasis强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式1.用助动词用助动词“do（doesdid）动词原形动词原形”来表示强调：来表示强调：We do want you to come to my sons birthday party.我们确实很希望你来参加我儿子的生日晚会。我们确实很希望你来参加我儿子的生日晚会。He did come to the party last night.他昨天晚上确实到了舞会上。他昨天晚上确实到了舞会上。2.用形容词用形容词very，on
2、ly，single，such,so等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气：等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气：1.Thats the very textbook we used last term这正是我们上学期用过的教材。这正是我们上学期用过的教材。2.You are the only person here who can speak Chinese.你是这里唯一会讲汉语的人。你是这里唯一会讲汉语的人。3.Not a single person has been in the shop this morning 今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。4.How dare yo
3、u buy such expensive jewels？你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢？你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢？3.用用ever，never，very，just等副词进行强调：等副词进行强调：1.Why ever did you do so？你究竟为什么要这么做？你究竟为什么要这么做？2.He never said a word the whole day 一整天，他一句话也没说。一整天，他一句话也没说。3.Youve got to be very，very careful 你一定得非常、非常小心。你一定得非常、非常小心。4.This is just what I wanted 这正是我所要这正是
4、我所要的。4.用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强 调的部分置于句首）来加强语气：调的部分置于句首）来加强语气：On the table were some flowers桌上摆着一些花。（强调地点）桌上摆着一些花。（强调地点）Many a time have I climbed that hill 我多次翻过那座山。我多次翻过那座山。Only in this way，can we solve this problem只有这样，我们才能解决这个问题。只有这样，我们才能解决这个问题。5.It is/was that/who用来强调一个句子用来强调一个句子中除谓
5、语以外的任何句子成分。中除谓语以外的任何句子成分。I bought this car in that shop last month.(原始句原始句)1.It was I who/that bought this car in that shop last month.(强调主语强调主语)2.It was this car that I bought in that shop last month.(强调宾语强调宾语)3.It was in that shop that I bought this car last month.(强调地点状语强调地点状语)4.It was last month
6、 that I bought this car in that shop.(强调时间状语强调时间状语)注意：注意：(1)强调句型的时态要以原句的时态为依据。强调句型的时态要以原句的时态为依据。原句用现在时，强调句用原句用现在时，强调句用is；若原句为过去时，；若原句为过去时，强调句中则要用强调句中则要用was。例如：例如：I met him in the street yesterday.（原句）（原句）It was him that I met in the street yesterday.(2)要注意主谓一致性。要注意主谓一致性。主谓一致：被强调部分作主语时，其形式与谓语动词在人称和数上
7、保持一致 Its we who are to answer for it.Its I,not my parents,that am waiting for the bus.人称照应：强调主语用主格，强调宾语用宾格。It is I who am wrong.It was her whom I saw in the street just now.(3)强调时间、地点状语时不得用强调时间、地点状语时不得用when和和there取取代代that，也应避免使用，也应避免使用which。(4)被强调的是疑问句，改为强调句后仍用疑被强调的是疑问句，改为强调句后仍用疑问句结构。问句结构。例：例：What d
8、o you want me to do?What is it that you want me to do?(5)被强调的如果是被强调的如果是not until;because；only after等状语从句时，习惯上用等状语从句时，习惯上用“It is/was not until that”;“It is(was)because that”,“It was only after that”结构。结构。例如：例如：It was not until 1920 regular radio broadcasts began.(1995NMET)A.while B.which C.that D.sin
9、ce It is/was+强调部分强调部分+that/who/whom+其他成分其他成分 这个句型用来强调除谓语以外的各种句子成分,被强调部分必须放在it is/was 后面，如果强调的部分是人，可以who/whom 来代替that.They will have a meeting in the hall tomorrow.强调主语强调主语:It 强调宾语强调宾语:It 强调地点状语强调地点状语:It 强调时间状语强调时间状语:It It is they that/who will have a meeting in the hall tomorrow.It is a meeting that
10、 they will have in the hall tomorrow.It is tomorrow that they will have a meeting in the hall.It is in the hall that they will have a meeting tomorrow.wyz108 就这样，再举几个例子，让学生练练，该语法讲解到此结束。可是，高考并不单纯考查这样一些基本的句式，下面几点还有待于老师去延伸讲解。1 1一般疑问句的强调一般疑问句的强调：（1）Did you meet your brother at Mc Donald?Was it your brot
11、her that you met at Mc Donald?(强调宾语)（2）Has Tom borrowed your money recently?Is it Tom that has borrowed your money recently?(强调主语)2.特殊疑问句的强调：(1)Where did you see her cellphone yesterday?Where was it that you saw her cellphone yesterday?（强调特殊疑问词where）(2)How will you go to visit her tomorrow?How is it
12、 that you will go to visit her tomorrow?（强调特殊疑问词how）3.从句的强调：（1）I came home late because it was raining hard.It was because it was raining hard that I came home late.(强调状语从句)(2)What you said really made us sad.It was what you said that really made us sad.(强调主语从句)4.not until 结构的强调：We did not get off t
13、he bus until it stopped.It was not until it stopped that we got off the bus.(注意：强调该结构时not until不能分开)5.强调时间状语和地点状语时与定语从句的区别：（1）It was in 1921 that our Party was founded.(强调句式)（2）It was 1921 when our Party was founded.(定语从句)即：强调时间或地点时有介词置于其前时，则连接词用that。其前面应有介词而被省去时，则用连接词when（时间）或where(地点)。又如：(3)It was
14、 on the farm that we practised planting crops.(4)It was the farm where we learned a lot.但是应注意，有些表示时间或地点的词汇及短语本身不需要在其前面加介词，故其连词也只能是that,而不是when或where。再如：(5)It was yesterday that we chatted a lot on line.(6)It was there that Mike was drowned yesterday.It is true that he once went to America.主语从句 It wa
15、s at 8 oclock that he came back.强调句型 强调句型的判断“It is/was that”去掉，如果剩余部分句子结构仍然完整，那么这个句子就是强调句；如果句子不完整，则不是强调句。如：Practice用It is/wasthat对划线部分进行强调I met Tom in the street yesterday.It was in the street that I met Tom yesterday.My father did not come back until 8p.m.It was not until 8p.m.that my father came b
16、ack.I didnt know what to do until you told me.It was not until you told me that I knew what to do对划线部分进行提问It was Robert Redford that took over the festival in 1981Who was it that took over the festival in 1981?由此看来，教师不能只着眼句型教学，该延伸时必须从多处着手。只有这样，我们所叫的学生才能把知识运用自如。练习：wyz1081.It was last year _ you tough
17、t me how to drive.A.when B.that C.where D.which 2.It was _ he said _ disappointed me.A.that/what B.what/that C.what/what D.that/that 3.It was in the factory_ produced TV sets _ our friend was murdered.A.which/which B.that/which C.that/that D.where/that wyz1084._ find my wallet,Tom?A.Where did you that B.Where was it you C.Where have you D.Where was it that you 5.It was not until 1920_ regular radio broadcast began.A.while B.which C.that D.since6.It is the ability to do the job_ matters,not where you came from or what you are.A.one B.it C.what D.thatwyz108Thank you
