1、Unit2 Extended reading Words&Language points1.integrate.vt&vi（使）合并;（使）成为一体,（使）加入 integrate(sth)into/with sth Its very difficult to integrate yourself into a society whose culture is so different from your own.让自己融入一个文化上完全不同的社会是非常困难的。The idea with young children is to integrate learning with play.对幼儿
2、的理念是寓教于乐。Many children with learning difficulties are integrated into ordinary schools.很多有学习障碍的儿童融入到普通学校里了。拓展 integrated.adj.融合的；整体的；综合的；互相协调的 integration.n.结合，合并;（种族的）混合，取消隔离 The family unit is supported by its _ into a wider social network.这个家庭由于融入更广阔的社会关系网而得到帮助。He thinks we are living in a fully_
3、,supportive society.他认为我们生活在一个完全和谐、相互扶持的社会里。Lots of people in Chicago dont see that racial border.They see progress towards_.在芝加哥很多人看不到那条种族边界。他们看到的是朝向种族融合的进步。integration integratedintegration2.bilingual./balgwl/adj.熟悉两种语言的，能说两种语言的；用两种语言的 She works as a bilingual secretary for an insurance company.她在
4、一家保险公司担任双语秘书。He is bilingual in an Asian language and English.他会说一门亚洲语言和一门英语 a _ dictionary 双语词典 bilingual3.oppose.vt.反对；反抗；抵制;与对抗，与较量/对垒 oppose sth/doing sth.I would certainly oppose _(change)the system.我当然会反对改变这制度。Many parents oppose bilingual education in schools.很多家长反对学校实行双语教育。be opposed to.He w
5、as opposed to discrimination.他反对歧视。Tom was opposed to this plan.汤姆对于这计划是反对的。changing拓展 opposing.adj.对立的；对抗的The opposing armies were preparing for war.敌对双方的军队已经在备战了。I have a friend who has the opposing view and felt that the war was immoral.我有一位朋友的看法截然不同，他认为这场战争是不道德的。as opposed to.而不是，与相对 Students di
6、scuss ideas,as opposed to just copying from books.学生一起讨论想法，而不是单纯照搬课本。4.intervention.n.插入,插手,介入;干预,干涉 We do not need further government intervention.我们不需要政府进一步的干预。Womens groups are concerned about the high levels of medical intervention during childbirth.妇女团体很关心在生产期高水平的医疗介入。intervene.vt.插入，插手，介入；干预，干
7、涉插入，插手，介入；干预，干涉The army will have to intervene to prevent further fighting.军队将不得不干预以阻止进一步的战斗。5.pure.adj.纯粹的，不搀杂质的;纯洁的，清白的;纯种的；完全的 Our beef pies are 100%pure.我们的牛肉馅饼是 100%的纯牛肉。We had trouble finding a pure water supply.我们很难找到洁净的水源。Im trying to think only pure thoughts.我正试图保持思想纯洁，没有邪念。It was pure coin
8、cidence/chance that we met.我们见面纯属巧合。purify.vt.使纯净purity.n.纯净 6.reject.vt.拒绝接受；不录用；不予考虑；排斥，排异 The prime minister rejected the suggestion that it was time for him to resign.首相拒绝了他该辞职的建议。Gibson rejected the idea as absurd.吉布森拒绝了这个想法，说它是“荒谬的”。Its obvious why his application was rejected.他的申请被拒绝原因很明显。拓展：
9、rejection.n.The rejection of such initiatives indicates that voters are unconcerned about the environment.此类倡议遇冷表明选民对环境并不关心。7.pessimistic.adj.悲观的;悲观主义的 be pessimistic about.He remains the peace process.他对和平进程仍然感到十分悲观。The tone of the meeting.会议的气氛非常悲观。pessimistically.adv.悲观地 optimistic.乐观的deeply pess
10、imistic aboutwas very pessimisticBut itll not happen,she concluded.“但那是不会发生的。”她悲观地下了结论。pessimisticallyBankers are cautiously about the countrys economic future.银行家对该国的经济前景持谨慎乐观的态度。optimistic8.linguist.n.通晓数国语言的人 Her brother was an accomplished linguist.她的哥哥能熟练地说好几种语言。linguistic.语言的；语言学的Im particular
11、ly interested in the linguistic development of young children.我对幼儿语言能力的发展尤其感兴趣。9.tendency.n.趋势，趋向；倾向 There is a tendency(for sb)to do sth There is an increasing tendency for women to have children later in life.女性晚育趋势越来越强。The drug is effective but cause headaches.这种药很有效，但可能会引起头疼。a tendency to/toward
12、s sth.Some people may inherit a tendency to/towards alcoholism.有些人可能遗传了酗酒倾向。tend.vi.趋向,倾向;照料,照顾 vt.照料,照管tend to sb/sth 照料某人/某物has a tendency to练:完成句子(1)The drug is effective but cause headaches.这种药很有效,但可能会引起头疼。(2)There is an increasing tendencywomen to have children later in life.女性晚育的趋势越来越强。(3)Peop
13、le tend_(need)less sleep as they get older.人年纪大了，需要的睡眠时间往往会减少。(4)Sofia was in the bedroom _ _ her son.索菲娅在卧室里照料她的儿子。has a tendency tofor to need tending to10.sincerely.adv.真诚地，诚实地 Im sincerely grateful for your help.我衷心地感谢你的帮助。I sincerely hope Ill see her again.我衷心希望再见到她。sincere.adj.诚挚的，真心真意的，真诚的I w
14、ould like to say a sincere thank you to everyone who has helped and supported me.我要对所有帮助和支持过我的人表示由衷的感谢。I wasnt sure that he was sincere in what he was saying.我不敢肯定他所说的是不是真心诚意的。11.slip vi.vi.滑倒滑倒;滑落滑落;溜溜;陷入陷入 n.n.差错差错;纸条纸条;滑跤滑跤(P27)When I was trying out your skateboard,I.我试你的滑板时滑倒了。We also make the f
15、undamental error of announcing our resolutions to everybody so that we look even more foolish when we our bad old ways.我们还犯了一个根本性的错误,就是把我们的决心告诉大家,这样,当我们回到以前的坏日子时,我们在众人面前显得更加愚蠢。slippedslip back into 拓拓展展:let sth slip错过某事物错过某事物;无意间泄露某事物无意间泄露某事物 slip off/down/from滑落滑落;脱落脱落;逃跑逃跑 slip into 陷入陷入 slip away
16、/past/by飞逝飞逝,过得飞快过得飞快 slipper n.拖鞋拖鞋 vt.用拖鞋打用拖鞋打 He slipped on the ice.One man managed to slip from the club as police arrived.His glasses had slipped from his eyes.She slipped into unconsciousness and died the next day.I put her name on the slip.Molly knew she could not afford to make a single slip
17、.His slip on the ice broke his legs.滑倒滑倒溜溜走走滑落陷入.纸片纸片差错差错n.n.滑到滑到.12.contest./kntest/n.比赛比赛,竞赛竞赛;争夺争夺,竞争竞争 /kntest/vt.争取赢得争取赢得;争辩争辩,就就提出异议提出异议I think hell be very angry when he finds outhe has a contest this weekend!(P27)我想当他发现他这周末有一场比赛时,他会很生气的!The election contest is heating up.选举竞争正趋于白热化。I think y
18、oure the best rider here,no contest.我认为你是这里最优秀的骑手，根本就没有对手没有对手。His brothers are contesting the will.他的兄弟们对遗嘱提出质疑提出质疑。She stands a good chance,since only two people are contesting the seat and the other candidate is very unpopular.她大有希望获胜，因为只有两个人争夺这个位置，而另一个候选人很不得人心。拓拓展展:hold a contest举行比赛 enter a cont
19、est参加比赛 win/lose a contest赢得/输掉比赛 contest an election/a prize竞选/竞争一笔奖金 contest the referees decision对裁判的裁定提出争议 a fiercely contested match争夺激烈的比赛练:语境串记Stone decided to to see who could write the best song.It is clear that it will be a fiercely _match.But I only for fun.斯通决定举行一场比赛,看谁能够写出最棒的歌。很明显,这将是一场
20、竞争激烈的比赛。但我只是为了好玩才参加这次比赛的。hold a contestcontestedentered the contestLanguage points Para.1.1.This comes as no surprise,given that English has borrowed words from more than 300 different languages,including Latin,Greek,French and Chinese.这并不奇怪,因为英语中有超过300种语言的外来词,包括拉丁语、希腊语、法语和汉语。拓拓:这里讲的是条件状语从句中条件状语从句中的
21、特殊引导词given that。条件状语从句的引导词还有assuming that、considering that、suppose/supposing that、providing/provided that等,表示一种假设条件,意为“假如假如,除非除非,以以为条件为条件”。Look,suppose you lost your job tomorrow,what would you do?假设你明天失业了,你怎么办?Provided that there is no opposition,we shall hold the meeting here.如果没有人反对,我们就在这里开会。练：练：
22、完成句子完成句子you promise not to tell anyone else,Ill explain the secret to you.如果你保证不告诉其他人,我就把这个秘密解释给你听。Provided/Providing/Suppose/Supposing/Assuming(that)Given2.This comes as no surprise.3.be not alone.4.borrowed words.毫不奇怪并不唯一舶来词/借来词/外来词Pe about2.interact with sb3.tend to do sth4.in the current age of
23、globalization5.at a faster pace6.those technological developmentsrelated to发生与互动往往/通常做某事在当前的全球化时代以更快的速度那些与科技发展有关系的外来词7.Word borrowing comes about.Though borrowing words has become faster The borrowed word is only used by bilingual speakers.8.The phenomenon has been occurring for thousands of years.9
24、.Words are more likely to be borrowed straight from the source language at a faster pace.词汇借用借用词汇借用词一直在发生词汇更有可能比以往任何时候更快的速度直接从源语言中借用1.融入，合并2双语者3最初的语言4随着时间的推移5A被B替代6某物在被使用中7.指的是be integrated intobilingual speakersthe original languageover timeA be replaced with Bsth be in userefer toPara 3.Phrases 1.
25、The process is still complex.2.spread to people who.3.chang the pronunciation to fit the way they speak,almost unknowingly.4.refer to.5.The longer a borrowed word has been in use,the more it sounds and even looks like the native language.过程依然复杂传播给了.的人几乎在不知不觉中改变发音，以适应他们说话的方式 谈到；提到；查阅；涉及；提交处理 一个外来词使用的
26、时间越长，它听起来甚至看起来就越像母语指.，表示;关于;有关;Para 3.1是某事的结果2反对做某事3从.采纳4.在这种情况下5.一个生存的问题6抵制外来影响be an outcome of sth be opposed to/oppose doing sth adopt.from.under this circumstancePhrases in Para.4.a matter of survival reject outside influencesPara.4.Important sentences.1.Borrowed words are an outcome of language
27、 development that can hardly be avoided.2.some language communities oppose adopting words from other cultures.3.make interventions to keep their native language pure in order to defend their identity.4.a matter of.借来语言是语言发展几乎难以避免的结果一些语言群体反对从其他文化吸收词汇采取干预措施，以保持其母语的纯正，以捍卫其身份是.的问题a matter of life and/or
28、 death 生死攸关的事 Para.5.1.be pessimistic about.2.readily welcome borrowed words 3.be based on.4.a mix of.5.does not hesitate about absorbing foreign words into its daily vocabulary.对.悲观欣然欢迎外来词readily乐意地,爽快地:快速地,便利地:犹豫地吸收外来词汇到日常词汇中基于./以为基础的混合absorb sth into sth.把.吸收到.里The drug is quickly absorbed into t
29、he bloodstream.药物迅速被血液吸收流遍全身。Our countryside is increasingly being absorbed by/into the large cities.我们越来越多的农村地区正被大城市蚕食掉。6.formal academic restrictions on.7.with new-found ease.8.novel ideas 9.more conveniently.new-found新获得的刚获得的轻松关于关于.正式的学术抵制正式的学术抵制新思想novel.新的;新颖的;新奇的:（长篇）小说更方便Protesters found a nov
30、el way of demonstrating against steeply rising oil prices.抗议者找到了抗议油价飞涨的新办法。Para.6.1.It would be difficult to point to a completely isolated language.很难找到一种完全孤立的语言point to.表明 Everything points to a bright future for us all.种种迹象表明我们都有光明的前途。isolate adj.孤立的，个别的;偏僻的;孤单的，孤独的Many of the refugee villages ar
31、e in isolated areas.很多难民村落都在偏远地区。Some patients may become very isolated and depressed.一些病人可可能变得非常孤独沮丧。There were only a few isolated cases of violent behaviour.只有几次个别的暴力事件。2.For better or for worse.3.The tendency to borrow words has never gone out of style.4.The more international and globalized the world becomes,the more language characteristics will be shared between nations and cultures.无论好坏，不管怎样Anyway,for better or for worse,I followed her advice.不管结果会怎样，我还是听从了她的建议。借词趋势从未过时过时世界变得越国际化越全球化，语言特征就越会在民族和文化之间共享。
