1、Subject-Verb AgreementSubject-Verb Agreement主谓一致主谓一致Subject-Verb Agreement 主谓一致是指句子的_ 与_在_和_上必须保持一致 主谓一致的三个原则主谓一致的三个原则:1.语法一致 2.意义一致 3.就近原则谓语动词谓语动词主语主语人称人称数数uTo get up early is a good habit.uSwimming is helpful for shaping your body.uWhat the teacher says is of great importance to the students.3.单个的
2、动名词，动词不定式，单个的动名词，动词不定式，从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。The worker and writer is from Wuhan.The singer and composer is coming to our school.Bread and butter is often served for breakfast.Pork and Chinese cabbage is one of my favorite dishes.4.由由and连接的并列成分连接的并列成分指同一概念作主语时，谓指同一概念作主语时，谓语动词用单数。语动词用单数。uEver
3、y man and every woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers.uMore than one student was chosen to compete in the contest.5.由and连接的并列单数主语前有every,each,no,many a 时，谓语动词用单数。6.“More than one+单数名词”作主语,尽管从意义上是复数,但谓语动词用单数形式。uEach of the students has a book.每个学生都有一本书。每个学生都有一本书。uThe n
4、ew is sure to replace the old.新事物总会取代旧事物。新事物总会取代旧事物。7.“one/each/every one/any one/either/neither/each one/the number+of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。8.“the+形容词”表示一类抽象的事物时，谓语动词用单数。Physics is a very interesting subject物理是一门很有趣的学科。物理是一门很有趣的学科。Plastics is used widely nowadays.如今塑料被广泛使用。如今塑料被广泛使用。9某些名词以某些名词以s结尾的词结尾
5、的词maths,politics,physics,news,plastics 等并不表示复述，谓语动词应用等并不表示复述，谓语动词应用单数。单数。u In the past,quantities of waste water were sent into this river.在过去大量的废水被排放到这条河中。uMy trousers have been washed already.特别提示：若这类名词前有pair of修饰时,其谓语动词的单复数取决于pair的单复数形式。4.“(large)quantities/amounts of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。5.clothes,tr
6、ousers,shorts,shoes,jeans,glasses,scissors,等只有复数形式的名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。uThe population in China is very large and about 50%of the population live in rural areas.中国人口很多中国人口很多,其中约其中约50%的人住的人住在农村。在农村。u The family which is very big are discussing how to spend this weekend.1.集体名词集体名词class,family,public,govern
7、ment army,club,population,enemy,party,crowd,audience,majority,group等作主语等作主语,强调整体时用单强调整体时用单数数,强调个体成员时用复数。强调个体成员时用复数。u Every means has been tried to solve the problem,but none is effective.uThere are various means of communicating with a stranger.uThe singer together with his agent(代理人代理人)has arrived.
8、2.单复数同形的名词作主语时单复数同形的名词作主语时,谓语谓语形式要根据其具体含义而定形式要根据其具体含义而定,这类词这类词有有:means,deer,fish,sheep等。等。3.当主语后面有当主语后面有as well as,along with,with,together with,no less than,except,but,rather than 等词等词组时组时,其谓语动词与词组前的主语保其谓语动词与词组前的主语保持一致。持一致。uThis kind of animal is dangerous.u Animals of this kind are dangerous 这种动物很
9、危险。这种动物很危险。uThe kind of paper is made from straw.4.“kind,sort,type+of+名词名词”作作主语主语,以这些名词本身的单复数以这些名词本身的单复数而定。而定。uAll is going on very well.一切进展顺利。一切进展顺利。(指事用单数指事用单数)u All are present（到场的）（到场的）besides the professor.包括教授在内大家都在包括教授在内大家都在(指人用复数指人用复数)u What we need is time.uWhat we need are 200 textbooks.5
10、.all,none,some,any,most等等代词以及代词以及what 引导的从句作主引导的从句作主语时语时,谓语动词的单复数根据其谓语动词的单复数根据其指代的内容而定。指代的内容而定。uThe rest of the story was dull and all the students were bored.u About one third of the books are well worth reading。u Over 30%of the work has been finished。u Eighty percent of the population in that coun
11、try are farmers.6.由由“some,plenty,a lot,lots,most,half,part,the rest,all 或或分数，百分数分数，百分数+of+名词名词”等短语作等短语作主语时主语时,谓语动词根据其所指意义决谓语动词根据其所指意义决定单复数。定单复数。uHe is the(only)one of the students who has passed the exam.他是学生们中唯一一个通过考试的。他是学生们中唯一一个通过考试的。uHe is one of the students who have passed the exam.他是通过了考试的学生之一
12、。他是通过了考试的学生之一。7.定语从句中的谓语动词的用法。定语从句中的谓语动词的用法。特别提示特别提示 ：“The(only)one of+复数名词复数名词+定语从句定语从句”中定语从句的中定语从句的谓语动词用单数。谓语动词用单数。“one of+复数名词复数名词+定语从句定语从句”中中定语从句的谓语动词用复数。定语从句的谓语动词用复数。uThose who are singing may join us.u Tom,who is your friend,should help you.8.定语从句的关系代词定语从句的关系代词who,which,that在从句中作主语时，在从句中作主语时，要
13、与先行词的人称和数保持一致。要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。uEither you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.uAre neither you nor I fit for the job?uThere are some books and paper for you.1.either.or.,neither.nor.,not only.,but also.,not.but.,or等等连接两个并列主语时连接两个并列主语时,以及在以及在there be结构中谓语动词常与最近的主语结构中谓
14、语动词常与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致。在单复数上保持一致。当堂演练当堂演练All of the apples _rotten.所有的苹果都烂了。所有的苹果都烂了。All of the apple _rotten.整个苹果都烂了。整个苹果都烂了。are isNone of the money_ left.没有剩下一点钱。没有剩下一点钱。None of the students _ there.没有学生在那里。没有学生在那里。is isHe and she_both good studentsareThe singer and dancer_ going to give us a perform
15、ance.The knife and fork _on the table isis 主语是主语是不定式不定式,动词动词ing形式或形式或主语从句主语从句的时候的时候,谓语动词的用法。谓语动词的用法。When he is coming _ very important.他什么时候要来看起来很重要。他什么时候要来看起来很重要。Collecting stamps _ his hobby.收集邮票是他的爱好。收集邮票是他的爱好。To love her _ not to break her wings.爱她就不该折断她自由飞翔的翅膀。爱她就不该折断她自由飞翔的翅膀。seemsisis定语从句的关系代词
16、定语从句的关系代词who,which,that在在从句中作主语时，谓语动词的用法。从句中作主语时，谓语动词的用法。Those who_ singing may join us.Tom,who _ your friend,should help you.enjoyisMr.Black,as well as two women,_ at the office.isMr.Black with,together with,along with the rest of;half of;part of;majority of;percent of;one third of 在句子中接名词在句子中接名词作主
17、语的时候作主语的时候,谓语动词的用法。谓语动词的用法。Half of the students _finished their composition.Half of the apple _bad.About 60 percent of the students in ourschool _boys.haveisare复合不定代词作主语复合不定代词作主语,谓语动词的用法，谓语动词的用法，如如someone,somebody,something,anybody,anyone,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,no one,nothing。
18、Someone_ asking for you.有人找你。有人找你。Nothing _ found in the room.在屋子里什么也没找到。在屋子里什么也没找到。isis 某些名词如某些名词如clothes,trousers,shoes,glasses等等,通常只用其复数形式通常只用其复数形式,但但当它们被当它们被a pair of 修饰时修饰时,谓语动词谓语动词的用法。如的用法。如:The shoes _ worn out.鞋子破了。鞋子破了。The pair of shoes _ worn out.这双鞋破了。这双鞋破了。areis8.every.and every.;each.an
19、d each.;no.and no.在以上短语中在以上短语中and连接的连接的单数名词单数名词,整个短语在句中作主语时整个短语在句中作主语时,谓谓语动词的用法。语动词的用法。Each man and each woman _ asked to attend.isEvery boy and every girl in the class _ diligent.No sound and no voice _ heard.is is11.many a,more than one,one and a half 与单数名词组成的短语与单数名词组成的短语,谓语的用法。谓语的用法。Many a boy _
20、seen it.许多孩子都看到了。许多孩子都看到了。12.时间时间、距离距离、重量重量、价格价格等度量衡复数等度量衡复数名词及名词及书刊名书刊名作主语时作主语时,谓语动词的用谓语动词的用法。法。hasThirty years _ not a long time.Roots _ a famous American novel.根根是一部美国的著名小说。是一部美国的著名小说。isis3.“分数或百分数分数或百分数+名词名词”构成的短语以构成的短语以及由及由“a lot of,lots of,plenty of,a large quantity of,a mass of,masses of,half
21、 of+名词名词”构成的短语作主语时构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词要与短语中其谓语动词要与短语中of 后面的名词后面的名词的数保持一致的数保持一致,这是因为短语中后面的这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词名词是中心词,而短语中前面的量词是而短语中前面的量词是修饰语。例如修饰语。例如:Lots of damage _ caused by fire.About three-fourths of the earths surface _ covered with water.Three-fifths of the workers here _women.wasisareNot only the students but also the teacher_ for a holiday.wishesThere _ a cup of tea and some apples on the table.amisNeither you nor I _ wrong._ either you nor I wrong?Are
