1、1一、结构一、结构:(not)to do 二、二、时态与语态时态与语态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般式一般式进行式进行式完成式完成式完成进行式完成进行式不定式不定式 to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been done to have been doing-21).We hope to visit Beijing soon.2).The workers pretended to be working hard when the boss came in.3).Im sorry to have given you so mu
2、ch trouble.4).Were happy to have been working with you.两个动作或状态几乎同时两个动作或状态几乎同时/在谓语之后发生在谓语之后发生动作同时发生。动作同时发生。动作发生在谓语动作之前动作发生在谓语动作之前谓语动作发生之前谓语动作发生之前,不定式动作一直在进行而且不定式动作一直在进行而且可能继续可能继续1.时态时态32.语态语态1)一般被动式一般被动式:He likes to be praised.to be done2)完成被动式完成被动式:He thought it an honour to have been invited to the
3、 party.to have been done41.He tried _(overcome)the difficulties.2.I was one of the five _(choose).3.He pretended _(read)when the teacher came in.4.She is proud _(break)a record.5.He is happy _(praise)by the teacher.to overcometo be chosento be readingto have brokento have been praised51.1.作主语作主语2.2.
4、作宾语作宾语3.3.作宾语补足语作宾语补足语4.4.作定语作定语5.5.作状语作状语6.6.作表语作表语7.7.与疑问词等连用与疑问词等连用61.主语主语To see is to believe.Its important to learn.不定式作主语时不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后往往放在谓语之后,用用it作形式主作形式主语语.2.表语表语My job to protect the world.Your task to clean the classroom.isis73.宾语宾语I want to go home.He likes to play basketball.I found
5、it necessary to talk to him again.句型：句型：think/consider/find it+adj.+to do 不定式也常以不定式也常以it为形式宾语为形式宾语8常接常接to do作宾语的动词有：作宾语的动词有：agree,appear,ask,attempt；choose,claim(宣布宣布)；dare(敢于敢于),decide,demand,determine；expect,fail,get,guarantee；hate,hope,hurry；intend(意图意图,打算打算),learn,manage,offer;plan,prepare,prete
6、nd(假装假装),promise；refuse,seem,tend,threaten,try；want,wish 等。等。94.宾补宾补 引导不定式作宾补的动词：引导不定式作宾补的动词：The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.I expect you to give me some help.五看五看watch seelook atobservenoticefeel三使三使letmakehavelisten to hear二听二听一感觉一感觉 warn,tell,allow,help,ask,force等等+sb.do（省略（省略to）+sb.t
7、o do10I made him do his work.He was made to do his work(by me).变成被动，被省略的变成被动，被省略的to 要还原。要还原。11I have a lot of work to do.我有很多工作要做。我有很多工作要做。He is always the first to come.他总是第一个来。他总是第一个来。We all have a chance to go to college.我们都有上大学的机会。我们都有上大学的机会。Ladies and gentlemen,I have something important to tel
8、l you.5.定语定语 (常常表示将来的动作常常表示将来的动作)u不定式作定语时，应放在不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面被修饰词的后面，而，而且放在且放在其他后置定语之后其他后置定语之后。122.当名词被当名词被the first,the last,the only 等词以等词以及形容词最高级修饰时及形容词最高级修饰时 eg:She is always the first to come and the last to leave.The last one to leave the classroom should turn off the light.3.也可用在也可用在have to
9、 do和和there be句型中。句型中。There is no one to take care of her.I have no jewelry to wear.134.如果不定式是不及物动词如果不定式是不及物动词,则后面需适当的介词则后面需适当的介词 Please pass me some paper to write_.She has a nice pen to write _.He bought a flat for the family to live _.onwithin14eg:He spoke loudly(so as/in order)to be heard.6.作状语作状
10、语1.表示目的表示目的:to/in order to/so as to152.表示原因表示原因 不定式可以用在作表语的形容词后作状语不定式可以用在作表语的形容词后作状语,sorry,surprised,happy,glad,eager,angry,foolish,right,wrong,slow,quick,rude,cruel,disappointed等。等。eg:Im glad/pleased to see you.We were surprised to hear the news.163.结果状语结果状语:so+adj./adv.+as to do such+adj.+n.+as to
11、 do adj./adv.+enough+to do too+adv./adj.+to do We hurried to the station only to find the train had left.He was so foolish as to believe it.=He was such a fool as to believe it.=He was foolish enough to believe it.Im too tired to walk any further tonight.177.独立结构独立结构to be frank,to be honest,to tell(
12、you)the truthTo tell the truth,I am not happy at the moment.188.不定式与疑问词不定式与疑问词who,which,when,how,what等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。语、表语、宾语等。He didnt know what to say.他不知道说什么。他不知道说什么。(宾语宾语)How to solve the problem is very important.如何解决这个问题很重要。如何解决这个问题很重要。(主语主语)My question is when to sta
13、rt.我的问题是什么时候开始。我的问题是什么时候开始。(表语表语)注意：注意：用于用于why或或why not开头的简短疑问句开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to。Why not have a rest?199.不定式的省略不定式的省略1)不定式中的动词上文已出现过不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要省略下文要省略该动词该动词.Would you like to go with me?Id like to.2)不定式是不定式是to be 结构结构,be 不可省不可省.Would you like to be a teacher?Id like to be.
14、201.had better/had best+(not)do sth.最好（不）做某事最好（不）做某事2.Why(not)do sth.?3.prefer to do4.prefer+n./doing A+to+n./doing B5.prefer to do A rather than(to)do B6.would rather(not)do sth.7.would rather do A than(do)B8.would rather+句子（句子（过去式过去式）（虚拟语气）要做（虚拟语气）要做21重点重点!1.动词后面跟动名词还是不定式动词后面跟动名词还是不定式,含义不相同含义不相同,总
15、的来说总的来说,表示表示习惯习惯的的,一般性的动作多跟动一般性的动作多跟动名词名词,一次一次性的具体的被动动作多跟不定式。性的具体的被动动作多跟不定式。I like to go with you.我想和你一块儿去。我想和你一块儿去。I like reading.我喜欢阅读。我喜欢阅读。He promised to help her.他答应过要帮助她。他答应过要帮助她。We love watching VCD.我们喜欢看我们喜欢看VCD。222.remember,forget,regret+doing 表示已经做了表示已经做了 +to do表示还没做表示还没做I remember meeting
16、 him in the street.我记得在街上见过他。我记得在街上见过他。I remember to write a letter to my parents.我想起来要给我父母亲写信。我想起来要给我父母亲写信。3.stop doing表示停止正在做的动作表示停止正在做的动作stop to do表示停下来去做表示停下来去做Stop smoking,please.请不要抽烟请不要抽烟。Lets stop to have a rest.咱们停下来休息一下吧。咱们停下来休息一下吧。234.mean to do 打算做某事打算做某事 mean doing 意味着意味着 I meant to cat
17、ch up with the early bus.This means wasting a lot of money.5.try to do 设法尽力做某事设法尽力做某事 try doing 试着做某事试着做某事 You should try to overcome your shortcomings.Try working out the physics problem in another way.24Marty says1.Unfortunately,the doctors dont know know how to make me better,but I am very outgoi
18、ng and have learned to adapt to my disability.2.I used to climb trees,swim and play football.3.Then I started to get weaker and weaker.254.Even after all that,no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds.5.Sometimes,too,I was too weak to go to school 6.My amb
19、ition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up.267.Last year I inventedand a big company has decided to buy it from me.8.I have to work hard to live a normal life but it has been worth it.9.If I had a chance to say one thing to healthy children,it would be this:10.Just ac
20、cept them for who they are and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.介词介词27 28选择题选择题1.Our master often told us _ things for granted.A.to not tave B.not to take C.didnt take D.not take2.Mrs.Smith warned her daughter _ after drinking.A.Never to drive B.to never drive C.neve
21、r driving D.never driveAB293.Though he had often made his little sister _,today he was made _ by his little sister.A.cry,to cry B.crying,crying C.cry,cry D.to cry,cry4.“Have you decided when _?”“Yes,tomorrow morning.”A.to leave B.to be leaving C.will you leave D.are you leaving5.She pretended _ me w
22、hen I passed by.A.not to see B.not seeing C.to not see D.having not seenAAA306.The light in the office is still on.-Oh,I forgot _.A.turning it off B.turn it off C.to turn it off D.having turned it off7.Go on _ the other exercise after you have finished this one.A.to do B.doing C.with D.to be doing 8
23、.She reached the top of the hill and stopped_ on a big rock by the side of the path.A.to have rested B.resting C.to rest D.restACC31 用正确的词的形式填空。用正确的词的形式填空。1.Robert is said _(study)abroad,but I dont know what country he studied in.2.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,_(make)it mor
24、e difficult.3.Ive worked with children before,so I know what _(expect)in my new job.4.Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple,but it remains _(see)whether they will enjoy it.to have studiednot to maketo expectto be seen325.It is said in Australia there is more land than the governm
25、ent knows _.(what,do with)6.The mother didnt know who _(blame)for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.7.Paul doesnt have to be made _(learn).He always works hard.8.We agreed _(meet)here but so far she hasnt turned up yet.9.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother
26、 told him _.to learnto meetto blamenot towhat to do with it3310.The patient was warned _(eat)oily food after the operation.11.I would love _(go)to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.12.Charles Babbage is generally considered _(invent)the first computer.13.Little Ji
27、m should love _(take)to the theatre this evening.14._(sleep)late in the afternoon,Bob turned off the alarm.to have goneto have inventedto be takenTo sleepnot to eat3415.The teacher asked us _(make)so much noise.16.They watered the soil _(stop)it getting too dry.17.The little boy is old enough _(go)t
28、o school.18.Your sister is said _(take)a plane before.19.I want _(travel)around the world.20.When I came in,he pretended _(read)a book.to stopto have takento be readingto travelledto gonot to make3521.“I want the document _(print)at once.”said the boss angrily.22.He is wondering where _(find)his los
29、t bike.23.We used to hear her _(sing)this song.24.The meeting _(hold)next week is very important.25.The dusty air makes it difficult _(get)a clear picture of space.26.He was seen _(enter)the room an hour ago.singto be heldto getto enterto be printedto find3627.He is always the first _(come)to school
30、28.I have something important _(tell)you.29.She feels excited _(pass)the driven test.30._(make)a living,she had to work from morning till night.31.My teacher was made _(give up)his teaching because of poor health.32.The sentence wants _(explain)once more.To maketo cometo tellto have passedto give up
31、explaining3733.The Arctic is considered _(be)the northern part of the Atlantic.34.The Emperor ordered the wonderful cloth _(weave)for him without delay.35.-How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?-The key _(solve)the problem is to meet the demand _(make)by the cus
32、tomers.to beto be wovento solvingmade3836.-What do you think of the school?-It is a very good school _(study)in.37.-Did you get a job?-No,I _(try),but its no use.38.We find it impossible for the work _(finish)ahead of time.39.-I usually go to Shanghai by train.-Why not _(try,go)there by boat for a c
33、hange?40.I would rather starve to death than _(beg)for food.try goingbegto studytried toto be finished39以下选择与前面填空1-15相同401.Robert is said _ abroad,but I dont know what country he studied in.A.to have studied B.to study C.to be studying D.to have been studying2.The purpose of new technologies is to m
34、ake life easier,_ it more difficult.n not make B.not to make C.not making D.dont make3.Ive worked with children before,so I know what _ in my new job.n expected B.to expect C.to be expecting D.expects414.Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple,but it remains _ whether they will enj
35、oy it.A.to see B.to be seen C.seeing D.see5.It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _.A.it what to do with B.what to do with it C.what to do it with D.to do what with it6.The mother didnt know _ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.A.who B.when
36、C.how D.why 427.Paul doesnt have to be made _.He always works hard.A.learn B.to learn C.learned D.learning8.We agreed _ here but so far she hasnt turned up yet.A.having met B.meeting C.to meet D.to have met9.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him _.A.not to B.not to
37、 do C.not do it D.do not to4310.The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.A.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eating11.I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A.to go B.to have gone C.going D.having gone12.Charles Babbage is gener
38、ally considered _ the first computer.A.to invent B.inventingC.to have invented D.having invented4413.Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening.A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking14._ late in the afternoon,Bob turned off the alarm.A.To sleep B.Sleeping C.Sleep D.Having sleep15.T
39、he teacher asked us _ so much noise.A.dont make B.not make C.not making D.not to make4546afford,agree,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,care,choose,claim,come,consent,dare,decide,demand,deserve,determine,elect,endeavor,expect,fail,get,guarantee,hate,help,hesitate hope,hurry,intend,learn,long,manage,mean,ne
40、ed,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise refuse,say,seem,tend,threaten,want,wish The following verbs are normally followed by the infinitive.47 The following verbs are normally followed by the Gerund.avoid,consider,delay,deny,dislike,endure,enjoy,escape,forgive,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,pardon,prev
41、ent,resist,suggest,understand,cant helpThe following verbs are normally followed by the Gerund or the infinitive.love,like,hate,prefer,dislike,begin,continue,intend,attempt,propose,want,need,remember,forget,regret,try,deserve,start48P6 Ex2 He was overheard _(say)that he hoped John would resign.Peter
42、 was made _(wait)outside.He was heard _(unlock)the door and go out.The man was seen _(shoot)the woman on the street.The old lady was noticed _(wipe)her face with a handkerchief.to sayto waitto unlockto shootto wipe49P49 Ex 11.I forgot to ask you to go to the bank.2.It is very important to turn off/s
43、witch off the electricity before you check the machine.3.I know how to make a mouse out of/with my handkerchief.4.Luckily,we dont have much more work to do.5.She is very pleased/happy to have the opportunity/chance to travel while she is young.6.She has been very successful in her work and now her g
44、reatest wish is to get married and have a child.50P49 Ex.2&3 1.started pushing/to push2.promised to go3.advise you to eat4.began shouting/to shout5.avoid falling 6.forget to call7.felt like throwing8.let them stay1.a.to tell b.spending2.a.putting b.to check3.a.talking b.to make c.to drink4.a.to get
45、b.thinking511)作定语的不定式中的动词如果是不及物动词，作定语的不定式中的动词如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。He is looking for a room to live in.There is nothing to worry about.Do you have anything to say on the question?请给我一支写字的笔请给我一支写字的笔。Please give me a pen to write with.52
