1、Review动词动词-ing形式能在句中作主形式能在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语，但不宾语补足语和状语，但不能单独作谓语。能单独作谓语。动词动词-ing形式在句中作定语和状语是形式在句中作定语和状语是本单元的学习重点。本单元的学习重点。1.作定语作定语 动词动词-ing形式可以单独充当名词的形式可以单独充当名词的前置前置修饰语修饰语,这时有两种情况。这时有两种情况。(1)动词动词-ing形式表示形式表示“供作供作.之用之用”的的意意 思思,这类作定语的这类作定语的-ing形式叫动名词。形式叫动名词。a swimming pool=a pool for s
2、wimminga sleeping car=a car for sleeping(2)动词动词-ing形式表示形式表示“.的的”意思意思,此时含此时含有有“正在正在”的意思，的意思，叫现叫现 在分词。在分词。a sleeping child working people the rising suna walking stick=a stick used for walkingdrinking water=water for drinking a waiting room=a room for waiting 动词动词-ing 形式是形式是短语，短语，应应放在所修饰的名放在所修饰的名词后，相当
3、于一个定语从句。词后，相当于一个定语从句。They are visitors coming from several countries.who come from several countries.Three days later I received a letter offering me the job.which offered me the job.The girl standing there _ is my classmate.who stands therePractice:_ dogs seldom bite.Bark B.To bark C.Barked D.Barki
4、ng(2)The wolf spoke in a _ voice and Mr.Dongguo felt_.frightening;frightened B.frightened;frightened C.frighten;frightening (1)D.frightening;frighteningDA(3)Its pleasure to watch the face of a _ baby.asleep B.sleep C.sleeping D.slept(4)The _ buildings showed us that an earthquake was coming.A.A.shak
5、ing B.shook C.shaken D.shake CA 现在分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须是现在分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语，分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上句子的主语，分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系，否则不能用现在分词作状语。的主谓关系，否则不能用现在分词作状语。但要注意它地各种形式变化：但要注意它地各种形式变化：主动形式主动形式 被动形式被动形式 V-ing being V-ed having V-ed having been V-ed 一般式一般式完成式完成式现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加not(ne
6、ver)，即加在含有，即加在含有 ing 这个单词的前面。这个单词的前面。Eg.Hearing the bell,the students began to enter the classroom.听见铃听见铃声，学生们开始走进教室。（听见和进入声，学生们开始走进教室。（听见和进入两个动作同时发生）两个动作同时发生）The building being built now is our new library.现在正在建造地现在正在建造地 这栋楼房室这栋楼房室我们地我们地 新图书馆（新图书馆（being built为现在分词为现在分词的被动形式，表示动作正在进行之中。）的被动形式，表示动作正在
7、进行之中。）Having done the work,he went home.完成了工作，他就回家了。完成了工作，他就回家了。现在分词作状语现在分词作状语现在分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或现在分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的整个句子，表示动作发生的原因原因、时间时间、方式方式、结果结果、条件条件、伴随状况伴随状况等。现在分等。现在分词词一般不用作表目的状语一般不用作表目的状语（通常用不定式（通常用不定式表目的状语）。表目的状语）。Walking in the street,I came across an old friend of mine.(=When I wa
8、s walking in the street,I came across an old friend of mine.)While waiting for the bus,he read a copy of China Daily.(=While he was waiting for the bus,he read a copy of China Daily.)1）表时间状语表时间状语2)表原因状语表原因状语 Being ill,he didnt go to school.(=as he was ill,he didnt go to school.)Being a student,you s
9、hould study hard.(=Since you are a student,you should study hard.）既然你是一个学生，你就应该努力学习既然你是一个学生，你就应该努力学习。由于想到它或许在家，所以我就给他打了电话。由于想到它或许在家，所以我就给他打了电话。Thinking he might be at home,I called him.(As I thought he might be at home,I called him.)3)表方式、伴随情况的状语表方式、伴随情况的状语：作伴随状语的分：作伴随状语的分词表示的动作，必须是词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个主语
10、的一个 动作动作，或是，或是与谓语所表示地动作（或状态）同时发生与谓语所表示地动作（或状态）同时发生，或，或是是对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补充说明充说明。这时候，可以变成一个这时候，可以变成一个 and 连接的并连接的并列句。列句。Eg.He sat on the sofa,watching TV.(=He sat on the sofa,and watched TV.)他们笑着谈着走进了教室。他们笑着谈着走进了教室。_,they went into the classroom.他斜靠他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。着墙站着。He stood lea
11、ning against the wall.(He stood and leaned against the wall.)Laughing and talking 4)表结果表结果 (表示自然而然、顺其自然的结果）表示自然而然、顺其自然的结果）Eg.Her mother died in 1990,leaving her with her younger brother.(=Her mother died in 1990,and left her with her younger brother.)全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受 欢欢 迎地歌曲。
12、迎地歌曲。The song is sung all over the country,_.making it the most popular song 5)表条件表条件 Using your head,you will find a way.(=If you use your head,you will find a way.)一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。_,you will see a white house.Walking aheading 形式的否定式、完成式及其被动语形式的否定式、完成式及其被动语态（态（完成式表示完成式表示v-ing的
13、动作发生在谓的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前）语动词的动作之前）1.Never wanting it to happen again,the teacher scolded Jim seriously.2.Not knowing what to do next,she stopped to ask her sister for help.3.Being built,the buildings are not open to the students.4.Having experienced the bitterness of laziness,Jack made up his mind to w
14、ork hard.5.Having been told that their parents had had an accident,the twin sisters burst into tears.如果动词如果动词 ing形式的逻辑主语不是形式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语怎么办？句子的主语怎么办？动词的动词的ing形式（现在分词）作状语必须形式（现在分词）作状语必须满足一个条件满足一个条件:现在分词的逻辑主语必须现在分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语是句子的主语。如果不是这样，那么就。如果不是这样，那么就要在现在分词的前面加上它的逻辑主语，要在现在分词的前面加上它的逻辑主语，这样就变成了这样就变成
15、了独立主格结构独立主格结构。动词的动词的inging形式形式与逻辑主语构成独立主格与逻辑主语构成独立主格结构：结构：I waiting for the bus,a bird fell on my head我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。All the tickets having been sold out,they went away disappointedly.所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。Time permitting,well do another two exercises.如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。
16、如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。有时也可用有时也可用with(without)+名词名词 （代词宾格）（代词宾格）+分词形式分词形式（with 的复合结构）的复合结构）With the lights burning,he fell asleep.他点着灯睡着了。他点着灯睡着了。v-ing 作独立成分：作独立成分：Judging from(by)his appearance,he must be an actor.从外表看，他一定是个演员。从外表看，他一定是个演员。considering 考虑到考虑到assuming/supposing/providing that.假如假如 Practise
17、:They set out _ for the _ boy.searching;losing B.searching;lost C.to search;lost D.searched;losing(2)The student sat there,_ what to do.doesnt knowing B.didnt knowing(1)C.not know D.not knowingcD现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加not(never)(3)He sat there _,with his head on his hand.and think
18、 B.thinking C.thought D.being thought(4)The _ Prime Minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks,_ that he had enjoyed his stay here.visiting;add B.visited;adding A.C.visiting;adding D.visited;addedBC1.The secretary worked late into the night,_a long speech for the president.(MET91)To prepare
19、B.preparing C.prepared D.was preparing 2.European foot ball is played in 80 countries,_ it the most popular sport in the world.(NMET 98)A.Making B.makes C.made D.to makeB现在分词表结果状语现在分词表结果状语A 现在分词作伴随状语现在分词作伴随状语高考链接3.“Cant you read?”Mary said _ to the notice.(MET93)A.angrily pointing B.and point angril
20、y C.angrily point D.and angrily pointingA现在分词作伴随状语现在分词作伴随状语4._ a reply,he decided to write again.(MET92)Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received 5._ his telephone number,she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.(上上海海91年题年题)Not knowing B.knowing not A.C.Not
21、having known D.Having not knownCA现在分词作原因状语，分词结构中否现在分词作原因状语，分词结构中否定词通常放在现在分词前面。定词通常放在现在分词前面。作原因状语作原因状语 1.The stranger said something in a _ voice and the little girl was very much _.A.frightening,frightened B.frightened,frightening C.frightening,frightening D.frightened,frightened 2.Mother caught the
22、 boy _ in thebcorner.A.smoke B.to smoke C.being smoked D.smoking 3._ the programme,they have to stay there for another 2 weeks.A.Not completing B.Not completed C.Not having completed D.Having not completed4.“We cant go out in this weather”,said Bob,_ out of the window.A.looking B.to look C.looked D.
23、having looked 5.Though _ money,his parents managed to send him to university.A.lacked B.lacking of C.lacking D.lacked in 6._ such heavy pollution already,it may now be too late to clean up the river.A.Having suffered B.Suffering C.To suffer D.Suffered 7.He looked around and caught a man _ his hand i
24、nto the pocket of a passenger.A.put B.to be putting C.to put D.putting 8.Suddenly,a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away,_ into the woods.A.seizing;disappeared B.seized;disappeared C.seizing;disappearing D.seized;disappearing 9._ in the queue for half an hour.Tom suddenly
25、realized that he had left his wallet at home.A.To wait B.Have waited C.Having waited D.To have waited 10.The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephew.A.Having hung B.hanging C.hangs D.being hungIndividual activity1._ their hats into the air,the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of vi
26、ctory.(2019天津天津)A.To throw B.Thrown C.Throwing D.Being thrownI.Multiple choice 2.Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock,_ supplies to Yushu,Qinghai Province after the earthquake.(2019福建福建)A.sending B.to send C.having sent D.to have sent4.He had a wonderful childhood,_ with his mother t
27、o all corners of the world.(2019安徽安徽)A.travel B.to travel C.traveled D.traveling3._ the city center,we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.(2019上海上海)A.Approaching B.Approached C.To approach D.To be approached5.It rained heavily in the south,_ serious flooding in several provinces.(2019天津
28、天津)A.caused B.having caused C.causing D.to cause6.The news shocked the public,_ to great concern about students safety at school.(2019重庆重庆)A.having led B.led C.leading D.to lead7.The next thing he saw was smoke _ from behind the house.(2019全全国国)A.rose B.rising C.to rise D.risen8.Sarah pretended to b
29、e cheerful,_nothing about the argument.(2019全国全国II)A.says B.said C.to say D.saying9.Sit down,Emma.You will only make yourself more tired,_ on you feet.(2019北京北京)A.to keep B.keeping C.having kept D.to have kept10.Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house,_ newly cleaned and polished.
30、(2019上上海春海春)A.looked B.to look C.looking D.to be looking11.More highways have been built in China,_ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.(2019陕西陕西)A.making B.made C.to make D.having made13._ around the fire,the tourists danced with the local people.(2019辽宁辽宁)A.Gather B.To ga
31、ther C.Gathering D.To be gathering12.Do you wake up every morning _energetic and ready to start a new day?(2019湖南湖南)A.feel B.to feel C.feeling D.felt 1.When he approached Ms Smith,he touched her shoulder and kissed her._ _ Ms Smith,he touched her shoulder and kissed her.II.Rewrite the following sent
32、ences.When approaching2.The person who is translating the songs can speak seven languages.The person _ _ _ can speak seven languages.translating thesongs3.The boy standing there is reading a book about body language.The boy _ _ _ there isreading a book about bodylanguage.who is standing4.Because he
33、comes from Jordan,he moves close to ask you a question_ _ Jordan,he moves close to ask you a question.Coming fromIII.Using structureshold in arms,cry,appear sadThe woman holds her son in arms,crying and appearing very sad.box,hit on the face,move,stepsThe two boxing men try to hit the other on the f
34、ace,moving their steps carefully.ski,laugh,excitingThey are skiing down the hill,laughing all the way.What an exciting scene it is!dance,sing,raise arms up,amazing musicThey are dancing to amazing music,singing and raising their arms up.Koala Bear,carry,climb,search for foodCarrying her little baby
35、on the back,the mother Koala Bear climbs up the trees,searching for food.1.Having not seen the film,I cant tell you what I think of it.2.The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay.3.Seen from the top of the hill,we find the city more beautiful.4.Generally speak,facial expressions are helpful communications,too.Not havingworkingSeeingspeakingIV.改错改错5.“Cant you read?”the man said,angrily pointed to the notice on the wall.6.Knocking at the door before entering,please.7.European football is played in 80 countries,made it the most popular sport in the world.pointingKnockmaking
