1、Unit 1 Our living planetto give a brief introduction to different zones of the ocean.to analyse the writing techniques of the documentary transcript.to explain the advantages of deep-sea exploration.to use spatial order to describe things as they are observed.to develop their interest in the scienti
2、fic exploration of the sea.How many oceans are there in the world?Which is the biggest ocean and which is the smallest ocean?There are four oceans in the world:the Pacific Ocean,the Atlantic Ocean,the Indian Ocean and the Arctic Ocean.The Pacific Ocean is the biggest one and the Arctic Ocean is the
3、smallest one.IntroductionPara.1:We should explore the world beneath the ocean for new life forms and unusual geological formations.Read the transcript and finish A1 on Page 4.ConclusionMain BodyPara.4:Para.5:Para.2:Para.3:Much of the known marine life lives in the open ocean,and small filter feeders
4、 and hunters live in the twilight zone.The deep ocean is home to the strangest creatures on the Earth.Shrimps and other organisms living around hydrothermal vents,and the Mariana Trench can be found on the ocean floor.More wonders beneath the surface of the ocean await us.Read the documentary transc
5、ript again carefully and answer the following questions.1.What percentage of the worlds oceans have we explored?_ 2.What do small filter feeders do at night?_They swim up to feed in the nutrient-rich waters above.Less than 20%.3.How do blind creatures in the deep ocean manage to survive?_4.What has
6、changed scientific opinion about the chances of there being life elsewhere in the universe?_The knowledge that life can exist in the extreme conditions on the ocean floor.They depend on other senses such as smell and their ability to detect slight changes in water pressure to obtain food and avoid b
7、eing caught.Focus on the three different zones and fill in the following table.Zones Depths Environment Life forms or geological formationsThe open ocean0 to 200 metresMost visible light(1)_(2)_200 metres to 1,000 metresLittle sunlightAlmost no plant lifeSmall filter feeders(3)_ Much of the known ma
8、rine life The twilight zone Hunters with telescopic,upward-pointing eyes and backward-curving teethZones Depths Environment Life forms or geological formationsThe deep ocean1000 metres to the ocean floorNo light(4)_Huge pressuresBlind,strange organisms,and some having male and female organsShrimps a
9、nd other organisms(5)_ Temperatures just above freezing Hydrothermal vents,the Mariana Trench and rock bridgesWrite a summary of the transcript in no more than 100 words according to the information in the above table.The ocean mainly consists of three different zones.The first 200 metres just below
10、 the ocean surface can be called the open ocean,where much of the known marine life lives and most visible light exists.The twilight zone is below 200 metres,where with little sunlight,there is almost no plant life,and small filter feeders and hunters live.Past 1,000 metres,we have reached the deep
11、ocean,where many strange creatures can be found living in this extreme environment.On reaching the ocean floor,we may see shrimps and other organisms around hydrothermal vents.The famous Mariana Trench can be found in this zone.Discuss the following question.Which of the three zones(the open ocean,t
12、he twilight zone,and the deep ocean)attracts you most?Why?In my opinion,the deep ocean is full of magic and mystery,which attracts me most.I thought that all life on the Earth obtained its energy from the sun.Now I know that life forms can obtain nutrients and energy from thermal sources.Interesting
13、ly,on the ocean floor,many strange geological formations can be found,such as canyons and slopes.It is really amazing that the Challenger Deep,the deepest point of the Mariana Trench,is nearly 11,000 metres below sea level.Read paragraph 1 and answer the following questions.1.Why does the author men
14、tion exploring space in the introduction?Because the author wants to emphasize that the ocean should be explored and is well worth exploring just like deep space.We know more about outer space than the ocean.The ocean is full of mysteries,waiting to be solved.2.Why are more than eighty per cent of t
15、he worlds oceans unexplored?Human beings have a passion for exploring the deepest point under the ocean.However,the conditions are extreme.The pressures are huge and there is no light.Some unusual creatures also live there.Moreover,advanced technologies need to be researched and developed to help us
16、 explore the ocean more effectively.Read paragraph 2 and answer the following question.How do you understand the last sentence“Evolution,it seems,helps both the hunter and the hunted in equal measure!”?The sentence emphasizes the function of evolution.It helps the hunter evolve unique characteristic
17、s,which can allow them to catch the prey more easily.However,it also helps the prey evolve survival characteristics and get away from the hunter.Read the first and last paragraphs and answer the following question.At the end of the first paragraph,a question is asked,and at the end of the last parag
18、raph,another question is asked.What is the authors purpose of writing in this way?The first paragraph aims to attract the reader to the topic of deep-sea exploration by asking the question:“Then why dont we dive to the bottom of a really deep ocean and take a long,close look beneath the waves?”The l
19、ast paragraph serves as a conclusion.After describing the ocean deep,the author gives an ending to this documentary transcript.By asking the question:“.who knows what wonders still await us in the future?”,the author reminds the reader that the exploration of the unknown part of the ocean will never
20、 come to an end.The documentary transcript describes the ocean in the surface-to-bottom order,which makes its content more organized and easier to follow.Find the expressions indicating the changes in position and describe Mount Qomolangma seen from the southern side in spatial order using the infor
21、mation below.Major zones of Mount Qomolangma1,000 to 2,500 metresEvergreen broadleaved forest zone3,000 to 3,900 metresConiferous forest zoneAbove 5,500 metresGlacier zoneLearn about the writing technique of describing something in spatial order.The first 200 metres of our dive takes us through what
22、 can be called the open ocean,Sinking below 200 metres,we enter the twilight zone,Once past 1,000 metres,we have reached the deep ocean,On reaching the ocean floor,we may see shrimps and other organismsOnce we pass 1,000 metres,our first steps at the base of Mount Qomolangma take us through the ever
23、green broadleaved forest zone until we reach the height of 2,500 metres.Moving above to between 3,000 and 3,900 metres,we enter the coniferous forest zone,a sure sign of much colder temperatures.On reaching above 5,500 metres,we are in the glacier zone where very little vegetation can be found.1.Wha
24、ts the purpose of this documentary transcript?The purpose of this documentary transcript is to inform the reader of unusual and unexpected life forms and geological formations in the ocean.First,this documentary transcript has a very clear structure,which includes the beginning paragraph,the body an
25、d the ending paragraph.The body deals with three different zones of the ocean.Second,spatial order is used to describe the ocean deep as it is observed,from surface to bottom.2.What are the features of the documentary transcript?Third,the documentary transcript is narrated in the first person,from t
26、he perspective of a host,such as“Once past 1,000 metres,we have reached the deep ocean,.”.Last but not least,some questions and exclamatory sentences are applied to arouse the readers curiosity about the world beneath the waves.In pairs,discuss the following questions.1.Why does the author mention M
27、ount Qomolangma when describing the Challenger Deep?The author wants to highlight how deep the Challenger Deep is.By comparing it to the highest mountain in the world,Mount Qomolangma,she helps the reader visualize its depth.2.What are the advantage of exploring the ocean?The oceans many unique life
28、 forms,habitats and geological formations not only help us better understand life,but also open up various opportunities for new discoveries and innovative solutions to existing problems.For instance,current discoveries of life forms in the ocean have scientists excited about the possibilities of li
29、fe on planets that have extreme environments.Further exploration could lead to new medicines,food and renewable energy sources.Besides,monitoring changes in the ocean could help scientists learn ways to address changes in the environment,such as climate change.Exploring the ocean is also a good way
30、to find out more about how the area beneath the Earths crust functions.This could lead to developing better early warning systems for natural disasters like earthquakes and tsunamis.3.If you were to write an article about the world beneath the ocean,what other information would you include?I would i
31、nclude some information on the plant life in the ocean,explaining what the common marine plants are,what they look like and where they can be found.I would talk about the threats facing marine creatures and how we can better preserve their habitats.I would also include information on how humans expl
32、ore the depths of the ocean as well as the challenges they face in deep-sea exploration.For instance,manned submersibles have been sent to explore the deep ocean,but challenges of deep-sea exploration include cold temperatures and high pressures.1.Why is the ocean deep attractive to explorers?In the
33、 eyes of explorers,the ocean deep is really full of magic and mystery.Firstly,exciting new life forms can be found in there.For example,in the open ocean different marine life such as dolphins,corals and seaweeds can be found.Small filter feeders and hunters live in the twilight zone.In the deep oce
34、an,where the pressure can be more than 100 times the pressure of the Earths atmosphere,many creatures can also be found.Therefore,the variety of creatures is very rich in the ocean.Secondly,geological formations are unusual in the ocean deep.For instance,at the ocean floor exists the Mariana Trench,
35、whose deepest point is the Challenger Deep,which is nearly 11,000 metres below sea level.In short,the world beneath the surface of the ocean is indeed an amazing place and attracts explorers greatly.2.What are the challenges faced in deep-sea exploration?Deep-sea exploration is a highly challenging
36、and adventurous activity and requires sophisticated equipment,large budgets,brave and experienced personnel,as well as cooperation between governments.Deep-sea divers face a number of threats like the negative physiological effects of high water pressure,threats from strange,dangerous or unknown sea
37、 creature and failure of diving equipment.Temperatures on the ocean floor also vary greatly.It can be near freezing at a certain location while the presence of hydrothermal vents at other locations might raise the temperature to as high as 400 degrees centigrade.Visibility is often poor at great dep
38、ths in the ocean and darkness prevails.Such conditions of the ocean subject both divers and submersibles to extreme stress.In the deep ocean,even a small crack in the body of a submersible can cause it to crack like a paper cup.If you were to write about the vegetation forms of Mount Tai,what order
39、would you use to describe them?Why?I would like to use spatial order to describe the vegetation forms,either from the foot of the mountain up to the top of it or from the top of the mountain down to the foot of it.The reason is that the vegetation forms vary at different altitudes.Finish Parts A,C and D on Pages 5758 with your partner.Write a passage of 100 words to describe the vegetation forms of Mount Tai.
