1、WHO-MONICA:(%)27%27%0.0 05.0 01 0.0 01 5.0 02 0.0 0t im e 20.00.20.40.60.81.0Cum HazardH a z a r d F u n c t io n a t m e a n o f c o v a r ia t e s北京地区急性脑卒中事件复发率 中国MONICA研究结果(年)人群中可改变的脑卒中的危险因素-危险因素 患病率 相对危险-高血压 25-40%3-5胆固醇升高 6-40%1.8-2.6吸烟 25%1.5无体力活动 25%2.7肥胖 18%1.8-2.4无症状颈动脉狭窄 2-8%2饮酒 2-5%1.6房颤(
2、非瓣膜性)1%5房颤(瓣膜性)17-Sharon E Straus JAMA 2002,288:1388 脑卒中二级预防策略的效果总结-预防策略 RR减少(%)NNT 一年中预防1例需要治疗的人数-降压治疗 28 51(16.5)他汀治疗 25 57(10.2)Warfarin(非瓣膜性房颤)62 13(10.5)戒烟 33 43(10.5)抗血小板治疗 Aspirin 28 77(9.9)Thienopyridines(vs Aspirin)13 64(15.9)颈动脉内膜切除术 44 26(3.9)(有症状)-Sharon E Straus JAMA 2002,288:1388 非风湿性房
3、颤的分层治疗策略的效果总结-两年脑卒中危险 2001ACCP建议 NNT 预防1例需要治疗的人数-低危(2%)Aspirin 227 低中危(3%)Aspirin or Warfarin 152(54)高中危(5%)Warfarin 32 高危(12%)Warfarin 14 极高危(20%)Warfarin 8-New Evidence for Stroke Prevention-Scientific ReveiwSharon E Straus JAMA 2002,288:138827%73%Solutions for Stroke in China Smoking cessation At
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