1、复合句包括定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句。一、定语从句定语从句，也称为关系从句或形容词性从句，由关系代词或关系副词引导，用来限制、描绘或说明主句中的某一名词或代词(有时也可以说明整个主句或主句中的一部分)，即句子作定语。经典例句A sailor who has experienced no storm will never become an excellent sailor.没经历过暴风雨的水手永远不会成为一名优秀的水手。I would visit some museums which should not be missed to widen my horizons as well as
2、enrich my knowledge.我总是会参观一些博物馆，这些博物馆对于拓宽视野、丰富知识来说是不应错过的。You know，my uncle Li Ming is going to the city where you live to attend an international meeting.你知道，我的叔叔李明要去你居住的城市参加一个国际会议。I often think about the times when I have felt hurt and insulted by rude marks from strangers and sometimes even from a
3、cquaintances.我经常想起被陌生人的言语伤害和侮辱的时候，甚至有时是来自熟悉的人。写法指导定语从句是比较难掌握而又是学生在写作中喜欢尝试的复杂句，因此在写作时可采用“三步法”：第一步：写出两个简单句。第二步：在一个简单句中找出一个要修饰的词汇，这个词在两个简单句中都有。第三步：把另一个简单句改成定语从句，要特别注意引导词的选择。示例人们可以一边吃月饼一边赏月，月饼是这个节日的特殊食品。第一步：写出两个简单句。People can enjoy the moon while eating moon cakes.They are the special food for the festi
4、val.第二步：在句中找出一个要修饰的词汇：moon cakes。第三步：用句充当定语从句，moon cakes为先行词指物，句中的they指代moon cakes且在句中作主语，故用which引导非限制性定语从句。People can enjoy the moon while eating moon cakes，which are the special food for this festival.5My teacher advised me to repeat the materials several times and read them aloud，_ they think wil
5、l help improve my memory.6I will never forget the days _ we worked in the small town.答案：1.where2.that3.who4.As5.which6.when4This is the best method.It can be used against pollution._ 5They sent the elderly some fruits，cleaned the rooms and had a good chat with them.The elderly always feel lonely._ 答
6、案：1.Ive always longed for the days when I will be able to be independent.2I have a friend whose father is an engineer.3They planted the trees that/which didnt need much water.4This is the best method that can be used against pollution.5They sent the elderly who always feel lonely some fruits，cleaned
7、 the rooms and had a good chat with them.二、名词性从句名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句是具有名词功能的非独立分句。经典例句I think that its our duty to help parents do some housework.我认为帮助父母做家务是我们的职责。(宾语从句)I took pride in what I had done in the absence of my father.我为自己在爸爸不在家时的表现感到自豪。(宾语从句)There is no doubt that children t
8、here are badly in need of care and help.毫无疑问，那里的孩子急需关爱和帮助。(同位语从句)What interests me most is literary books，especially those by famous writers.我最感兴趣的是文学书，尤其是由著名作家写的。(主语从句)There is no doubt that children there are badly in need of care and help.毫无疑问，那里的孩子急需关爱和帮助。(同位语从句)What interests me most is literar
9、y books，especially those by famous writers.我最感兴趣的是文学书，尤其是由著名作家写的。(主语从句)My English is just OK and the two main problems in my study are that I feel it difficult to learn words by heart，and that I often feel nervous when speaking English.我的英语还不错，学习中最主要的两个问题是我感觉记单词难，而且说英语时经常感到紧张。(表语从句)写法指导名词性从句的写法和定语从句
10、一样，名词性从句也是学生在写作中喜欢尝试的复杂句，在写作时同样可采用“三步法”：第一步：写出两个简单句。第二步：让一个简单句作从句，要注意和另一个句子的关联性。第三步：把两个句子合成复合句，要特别注意关联词的选择和从句的语序。示例一天，她听到要举行运动会的消息。第一步：写出两个简单句。One day，she heard the news.The sports meeting would be held.第二步：让句作主句，即主句为：One day，she heard the news.第三步：把句作同位语从句，解释news的内容，从句中不缺少成分，故用that引导。One day，she he
11、ard the news that the sports meeting would be held.4The notice came around two oclock in the afternoon _ the meeting would be put off.5From space,the earth looks blue.This is _ about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.答案：1.What2.whether/if3.how4.that5.because3Our women volleyball
12、team had won the championship.The news encouraged us all greatly._ 4We should practise oral English for an hour every day.That was our rule._ 5Shall we go picnicking tomorrow？It depends on the weather._ 答案：1.The police wants to know when you entered the room.2My decision is that all of us are to sta
13、rt at 6 oclock tomorrow morning.3The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly.4We made it a rule that we should practise oral English for an hour every day.5Whether we shall go picnicking tomorrow depends on the weather.三、it作形式主语或形式宾语的高级句型1it作形式主语的常用句型It
14、系动词形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/certain等)that.Itbe名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder/ones desire等)that.Itbe过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)that.It特殊动词(seems，appears，happens，matters)that.三、it作形式主语或形式宾语的高级句型1it作形式主语的常用句型It系动词形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/cert
15、ain等)that.Itbe名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder/ones desire等)that.Itbe过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)that.It特殊动词(seems，appears，happens，matters)that.It doesnt matter who/whether/if.Its our desire that you should provide some money to fund our program，as well as offer us some practical suggestions.我们渴
16、望你能为我们的项目提供一些资金，还能提供一些实用的建议。Its reported that about 30 volunteers who are at least 18 years old will be chosen from all over the world to the Mars by the year of 2015.据报道，大约30名至少18岁的志愿者将从世界各地被选出来于2015年前奔赴火星。2it作形式宾语的常用句型动词 find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose，assume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式
17、宾语，而将宾语从句后置。有些动词(短语)带宾语从句时，需要在宾语从句前加it，这类动词(短语)主要有：hate，like，owe，enjoy，appreciate，see to，rely on等。I would appreciate it if you could sell the knots for 10 dollars each.如果你们能以每个10美元的价格卖这些中国结，我将不胜感激。I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.我认为我们每天喝大量的开水是必要的。答案：1.It doesnt mat
18、ter whether he comes to the meeting or not.2It is a pity that you missed such a good lecture.3Id appreciate it if you could teach me how to use the computer.四、状语从句状语从句是在句中起副词作用的句子。引导状语从句的连词被称为从属连词，状语从句需用陈述语序，可位于复合句的句首或句末。句式为：“状语从句逗号主语”或“主句状语从句”。熟记几个常用连词When it comes to a choice，I prefer to go travel
19、ing.当谈及选择时，我宁愿去旅游。I went on with my work until I finished washing all the clothes.我继续工作，直到把所有的衣服洗完。Whenever he didnt perform well in his studies，she would blame him bitterly，expressing her disappointment in him.每当他学习不好的时候，她总会训斥他，表达对他的失望。If it is convenient for you，can you pick him up at the airport
20、at 11 30 am?如果方便的话，你可以在上午11点半到机场去接他吗？Although cleaning street is no more than an ordinary job，it contributes to the society.尽管清扫大街只是一个非常普通的工作，但却对社会做出了贡献。Whatever the result is，we should accept it with a smile，because we have tried our best.无论结果怎样，我们都要微笑着接受，因为我们已经尽了全力。However，some students were so ti
21、red that they couldnt move any more，so they fell behind.可是，一些学生累得走不动了，因此他们被落在了后面。3You should put the dictionary somewhere.You can find it easily there._ 4Getting a right job can be difficult.The students are not prepared to deal with the job interview._ 5You should bear the motherland in mind.You ca
22、n go anywhere._ 6He had failed several times.He kept on working._ 答案：1.As the days went on,the situation there was getting worse and worse.2Since everybody is here,Lets set out right away.3You should put the dictionary where you can find it easily.4Getting a right job can be difficult unless the students are prepared to deal with the job interview./.if the students are not prepared.5Wherever you go,you should bear the motherland in mind.6Although/Even though he had failed several times,he kept on working.
