1、牛津版牛津版高二高二 模块八模块八Unit 2Unit 2 The universal languageGrammar and usageLook at this sentence,are there some words that are left out in this sentence?In order to avoid marriage,she says that any potential husband must answer three riddles correctly or die.Ellipsisor he must dieHow is your cousin today?
2、She is much better.Much better.It sounds fine to me.Sounds fine to me.Is there anything wrong?Anything wrong?Ellipsis is used when we do not want to repeat words or phrases that are obvious.Some words of a sentence can be left out while the meaning can still be understood.当一个句子中有两个或更多的相同的当一个句子中有两个或更
3、多的相同的词、短语出现时词、短语出现时,其中的第一个须保其中的第一个须保留留,其余的往往省略其余的往往省略,以避免重复、使以避免重复、使句子简练。尤其要注意的情况是句子简练。尤其要注意的情况是:当当时间状语从句、地点状语从句、方式时间状语从句、地点状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句等状语从句中的主语与主句的主从句等状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致并含有语一致并含有be时时,往往将该状语从往往将该状语从句中的主语和句中的主语和be一起省略。一起省略。句子中常可省略的成分如下：句子中常可省略的成分如下：1)省掉主语。省掉主语。如：如：Thank yo
4、u for your help.See you tomorrow.2)省掉谓语动词。省掉谓语动词。如：如：Some of us study Russian，others English.He got up earlier than I today.(others后省掉后省掉study)(前面省掉主语前面省掉主语I)(前面省掉主语前面省掉主语I)(I后省掉后省掉got up)3)省掉系动词。省掉系动词。e.g.Ma Lin is a bus driver,his wife a conductor.Gold is more expensive than silver.(his wife后省掉后省掉
5、is)(silver后省掉后省掉is)4)同时省掉句子的几个成分。同时省掉句子的几个成分。e.g.In winter it is colder in Beijing than in Guangzhou.Has he gone or not?(=Has he gone or has he not gone?)(than后省略后省略it is)When did you read the play?Long ago.Have you ever been to Xinjiang?Never.(=I have never been there.)(=I read it long ago.)在在if,wh
6、en，though，as，as if等连词等连词引导的从句中，如果主从句的主语一引导的从句中，如果主从句的主语一致，又含有致，又含有be动词时，常把从句中的动词时，常把从句中的主语和主语和be动词省略。动词省略。e.g.When you do this exercise,make changes in the sentence structure when necessary.(when后省掉后省掉it is)He is very good at painting,though very young.The boy looked as if afraid of nothing.(=though
7、 he is very young)(=as if he were afraid of nothing)在下面的句子中，动词不定式在下面的句子中，动词不定式to的后的后面省去了动词原形及其以后的部分。面省去了动词原形及其以后的部分。e.g.You may go with them if you want to.Will you be able to come?Id love to.But Im busy.(to后省去后省去go with them)(to后省掉后省掉come)e.g.He is twelve years old.他十二岁。他十二岁。I walked for ten miles.
8、我走了十英里我走了十英里路。路。2.语法上允许的省略。有些成分的被省语法上允许的省略。有些成分的被省略是出于语法上的允许略是出于语法上的允许,以显得表述更以显得表述更为简明。为简明。He is twelve.I walked ten miles.3.习惯用法上允许的省略。有些省略习惯用法上允许的省略。有些省略句的情况是出于习惯用法句的情况是出于习惯用法,尤其是尤其是在口语中。例如在问句中在口语中。例如在问句中be常常省常常省略略,有时连主语一起省略有时连主语一起省略:e.g.Very easy?很简单吗？很简单吗？Why not?为什么不？为什么不？4.省略语还经常出现在新闻标题或使用省略语还
9、经常出现在新闻标题或使用 说明中。说明中。newspaper headlines:Turandot on stage 图兰朵将要上演图兰朵将要上演 signs and labels:No smoking 禁止吸烟禁止吸烟 instructions:Do not bend postcards and diaries Have not had time to write diary notes Opera OK,costumes greatRead Part A carefully and find out the words that can be left out.For example:It
10、 was a real opportunity for me to be cast.Read the following uses of ellipsis.Choose the category each one belongs to.a postcards/diariesb newspaper headlinesc signs/labels d instructionse notes例题解析例题解析考例考例1 The flowers his friend gave him will die unless _ every day.(四川四川2007)A.watered B.watering C
11、.water D.to water 选选A。when,if,unless,though 等引导等引导状语从句时，如果主从句的主语一致，状语从句时，如果主从句的主语一致，又含有又含有be动词时，常把从句中的主语动词时，常把从句中的主语和和be动词省略，此处应为动词省略，此处应为unless they are watered。考例考例2 Every evening after dinner,if not _ from work,I will spend some time walking my dog.(湖南湖南2009）A.being tired B.tiring C.tired D.to be
12、 tired考例考例3 Although _ my opinion,the old professor didnt come up with his own.(福建福建2007)A.against B.on C.for D.in选选A。句意为：尽管老教授反对我的意。句意为：尽管老教授反对我的意见，可他也没提出自己的看法。完整的见，可他也没提出自己的看法。完整的从句应为：从句应为：Although he was against my opinion,句子省略了从句中的主语和句子省略了从句中的主语和be动词。动词。against ones opinion反对某人反对某人的见解。介词的见解。介词on
13、不与不与opinion搭配；搭配；for ones opinion同意某人的见解；同意某人的见解；in ones opinion在某人看来。在某人看来。1.Are there any English story books for us students in the library?There are only a few,_.A.if any B.if there C.if some D.if has 2.Would you like to go with us?Yes,_.A.Id B.Id like C.Id like to D.Id like to do 3.Would you li
14、ke to have a try once again?_.A.Yes,I like B.No,I dont like it C.Yes,I want very much D.Yes,Id like to4.What do you think made Mary so upset?_ her bicycle.A.As she lost B.Lost C.Losing D.Because of losing 5.When did they get down to the job?_.A.Until they left B.Till they arrived C.Since they finish
15、ed it D.Not until they turned to me 6.Are you angry?Yes.He should at least answer when _.A.speaking B.spoken to C.spoken D.speaking to7.Be careful while _ the street.A.to cross B.crossing C.he crosses D.being cross8._ us for a dinner,dont you?A.Dont you join B.Join C.Have to join D.Lets join9.I prom
16、ise well be there at 6 _.A.rainy or shine B.rains or shining C.rain or shine D.rain or shining 10.In the car accident the child was hurt,but _.A.the mother is killed B.the mother killed C.the mother being killed D.the mother has killed11._ I dont remember where I met him.A.Fact is which B.What the f
17、act is that C.The fact is what D.Fact is 12.He raised his hand _ silence.A.as if to command B.as though he going to command C.as though to command D.as of he commanding 13.Francis Preston Blair,Jr.,_ born in Kentucky,lived and practiced law in Missouri.A.was B.he was C.although D.who he was14.We are
18、 to install this instrument _.A.as originally planned B.as it originally planned C.as was originally planned D.as it being originally planned 15._,people and objects are presented in a flat,often angular,abstract manner in Jacob Lawrences paintings.A.Always able to recognize B.The ability to recogni
19、ze always C.While always recognizable D.Always can be recognized 16.Why do you want the book so much?_,sir.A.Studying B.Studies C.Studied D.To study 17.This is an illness that can result in total blindness if _.A.to leave untreating B.left untreated C.leaving untreating D.is left untreated 18.Which
20、would you like,chicken or fish?_ A.I dont think so.B.What if?C.Both.D.Neither can I.19.You may take them all home _.A.if possible B.if can C.unless so D.even if you can20.Doctors have said that as many as 50%of patients dont take medicine _.A.like directed B.to be directed C.as directed D.so that directed Homework1.Finish the exercises of C1 and C2 in the work.2.Preview the next section:Task
