1、unit 4 Seasons readingreadingv1.Watch us go看着我们离去 v watch sb.do sth.看见某人做过某事(强调动作的全过程)v watch sb.doing sth.看见某人正在做某事(强调动作正在进行)v 类似用法的词还有:see,hearv 2.See how deep the puddles get.看水坑变得多深。这是一个含有宾语从句的复合句,从句由疑问副词how引导,从句的语序是陈述语序。v3.Sandy footprints made by me被我踩出串串沙滩足迹。v 句中made by me是过去分词短语,放在所修饰的名词foot
2、prints的后面,作后置定语,表示被动的含义。v Do you know the girl named Jenny?你知道叫詹妮的女孩吗?v4.I kick the leaves all over town.v 我踢着叶子走遍乡镇。v leaf名词,意为“叶,树叶”,其复数形式为leaves.v Leaves turn yellow in autumn.树叶在秋天变黄。v5.What is the weather like in spring?v 春天天气怎么样?=How is the weather in spring?v What is sb./sth.like?=How is sb./
3、sth.?询问“某人或某事怎样”的常用句型。后面可接时间或地点的介词短语。v6.In spring,the weather starts to get warm.在春天,天气开始变暖。v(1)in spring在春天 介词in表示时间,用于早晨、上午、晚上,星期,月份,季节,年份等“一段时间”的前面。v(2)start意为“开始”,同义词为begin。start与begin均可接to do sth.或doing sth.,表示“开始做某事”,一般可互换。v但下列情形中,要注意其区别:v当谈论一项长期的习惯性的活动时,用动名词v 主语是物不是人时,用不定式v start/begin本身是ing形
4、式时,后面接不定式v 其后的动词与想法,感情有关时,多用不定式v此外,start还有(机器)发动,创办,动身出发等含义v(3)get 作连系动词,意为“变得”,后常接形容词作表语v The weather starts to get cool.v 作实义动词,意为“得到,收到”v get a letter from sb.=hear from sb.收到某人来信v7.The wind blows gently.vblow(过去式为blew)动词,意为“吹”。gently是副词(形容词为gentle),意为“温柔地,微微地”,修饰动词blow。8.It often rains.这里的it指代“天
5、气”,此外还可指代距离,时间等。often时间副词,一般置于行为动词之前,be动词或助动词之后。v9.Everything turnns green.v 所有的东西都变成绿色。veverything不定代词,意为“所有事物,一切”,在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。everything作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。vturn green变绿,此处turn也是系动词,后面接形容词。v10.It is exciting to take a trip in spring.在春天旅行是令人兴奋的。v take a trip意为“去旅行”have a trip,此处,take表示“做事情”,表示与该名词意义相
6、关的动作。v take/have a rest休息一下 v take/have a walk散步 v take/have a swim游泳 vtake/have a look看一看v 本句中使用了“It is+形容词+to do sth.”的结构,意为“做某事是样的”。v11.The Sun shines brightly.大阳明亮地照耀着。v shine动词,“照耀”,其现在分词为“shining”,形容词为shiny“闪耀的,睛朗的,有光泽的”和shining“光亮的,华丽的”。vThe sun shines all day today.今天整天阳光普照。v brightly,副词,意为“
7、明亮的”,形容词为“bright”。v12.Many people like to go to the beach and swim in the sea.很多人都喜欢去海边,到海里游泳。v like to do sth.=want to do sth.very much=would like to do sth.想要做某事,指一次具体的行为。vlike doing sth.=enjoy doing sth.=love doing sth.喜欢做某事 v13.In autumn,everything changes.Leaves turn brown,red or yellow and sta
8、rt falling from the trees.在秋天,一切都会变化。树叶变成棕色,红色或黄色并开始从树上飘落。veverything代词,意为“每件事,所有事情”,与单数动词连用。vturn+颜色,turn为感官动词,后面接形容词。vEverything begins to grow in spring.vleaves是leaf“树叶”的复数形式。vleave做动词,是“离开,出发”的意思。vleave for前往 vleave A for B 离开A地前往B地v14.It is nice to go on a picnic at this time of year because th
9、e weather is cool and dry.v在每年这个时候去野餐是令人愉快的,因为天气凉爽、干燥。v vgo on a picnic意为“去野餐”vI want to go on a picnic this afternoon.v dry意为“干的,干燥的”,反义词是“wet”。vat this time of year“在每年的这个时候”,注意year前不能加冠词或every,each等。v15.Winter is often cold and snowy.冬天经常寒冷多雪。v snowy形容词,意为“下雪多的”,是由名词snow加y构成的。v snow作不可数名词“雪”;作可数名
10、词“一场雪”。v Children love to play with snow.孩子们喜欢玩雪。It is a heavy snow.这是一场大雪。v snow作动词,意为“下雪”。v It is snowing heavily.雪正下得很大。v16.Children love winter because they love to play in the snow.v孩子们喜欢冬天,因为他们可以在雪地里玩耍。vlove to do sth.与like to do sth.意思和用法相同,强调一次具体的行为。v=want to do sth.vin the snow 在雪地里 v17.It
11、is interesting to make snowmen.堆雪人是件有趣的事儿。v make a snowman堆雪人,复数形式是make snowmenv18.People usually spend time with their relatives during the Spring Festival.v在春节期间,人们通常都是和亲戚一起度过。v(1)spend 动词“度过”v spend time with sb.意为“与某人一起度过时光”v此外,spend还有“花费,用(时间/金钱)”,其后常与介词in/on连用,主要用于以下句式:v人+spend+时间/金钱+on sth.v“
12、某人花费多少时间/金钱在某事上”人+spend+时间/金钱+(in)doing sth.“花费多少时间/金钱做某事”v(2)during介词,“在期间”vthe Spring Festival=the Chinese New Yearv Dont speak during the meal.v 吃饭时别说话。during与inv1.强调动作或状态的持续性时用during,某一动作发生在某一时间段中的某一时间点用in。v2.在季节名词前,用in是泛指,不用冠词;但是用during是特指,要用定冠词 the。v3.在表示一段时间的名词(如holiday,stay,visit,lesson,meal
13、等)前,一般要用during。v19.I have a long holiday at that time and I have a lot of fun.那时我有一个长假而且我玩得很开心。v have fun“过得愉快,玩得开心”=have a good time=enjoy oneselfv此处fun是不可数名词,表示“娱乐,乐趣”,funny是形容词,意为“有趣的,奇怪的,滑稽好笑的”va lot of=lots of 可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词,类似用法:some,plenty of,allv20.Listen to a girl talking about the weath
14、er in Canberra,Australia.听一个女孩谈论澳大利亚堪培拉的天气。v Australia名词,意为“澳大利亚”。vAustralian作形容词,意为“澳大利亚的”;作名词,意为“澳大利亚人”,其复数形式是 Australians。v注:Chinese,English等与the连用时,表示复数意义,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;而Australian与the 连用用主语时,表示某个人,谓语动词用单数形式。v21.What about you?你呢How about you?v What about?意为“怎么样?”How aboutv常用于询问消息、征求意见或建议,其后可以跟
15、名词、代词或动词-ing形式。v22.I love all four seasons.v 四个季节我都喜欢。v 此处all为形容词,意为“所有的、全部的”,修饰可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词,定冠词the、指示代词、物主代词应放在all之后。vHe spent all his money.v all的其它用法;v(1)all可与of连用,再接名词或代词。接名词时,of可省略;接代词时,of不能省略。v(2)all作主语的同位语时,放在be动词之后,行为动词之前。v(3)作人称代词的同位语时,all 可直接放在这些人称代词的后面。v(4)all作副词,意为“都,全部,完全地”,主要修饰形容词、副
16、词或介词短语。v23.I never feel hot or cold.我从不感觉热或冷。v feel连系动词,意为“感到,感觉,摸起来”,后面跟形容词作表语。还有sound,look,smell,taste都是感官动词。vI dont feel very well today.我今天感到不太舒服。vYour hand feels cold.你的手摸起来很凉。v24.heavy rain大雨 vheavy形容词,“大的,大量的,多的”vThere is heavy rain today.v v此外,heavy还有“重的,沉的”意思。v副词是heavilyv It rains heavily.v
17、25.lovely children可爱的孩子们 v lovely形容词“可爱的,美好的,令人愉快的”v大部分以ly结尾的词为副词,但是lovely,friendly,lively,lonely,silly,ugly,likely等为形容词。v26.The wind is blowing strongly.v 风刮得很大。vstrongly副词,意为“强地,强有力地”vstrong形容词,意为“强劲的,强壮的”v27.go swimming去游泳 v go+动词-ingv My elder brother often goes swimming on Sundays.v 常见搭配:vgo fi
18、shing,go shopping,go boating,go dancing,go skating,go climbingv28.have a picnic=go on a picnic 野餐 v29.Spring and autumn are the nicest seasons.春天和秋天是最好的季节。v 形容词分为原级、比较级和最高级。三者或三者以上的比较,在最高级前面加定冠词the。v30.The weather in the middle and east of China is quite different.v 中国中部和东部的天气很不相同。v v weather是不可数名词v
19、 in the middle在中间 quite与veryv(1)在一般情况下,quite和very在修饰形容词时可互换。v(2)在修饰表示精神状态的形容词时,用very多不用quite。v(3)quite可以单独用来修饰动词,但very不可以单独用来修饰动词,而必须用very much。v I quite like swimming.=I like swimming very much.v(4)very通常放在不定冠词之后,而 quite则常放在不定冠词之前。v33.At 1 a.m.on that day,the clocks in all public places in the UK are put forward an hour,from 1 a.m.to 2 a.m.在那天的凌晨一点,英国所有公共场所的钟表被向前拨了一个小时,从一点到两点。v 本句含有被动语态,即主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。结构:be+动词过去分词。v put forward“把向前拨”v 此外,还可表示“向前移,将提前,提出”。