1、Object Clause宾语从句宾语从句 2022-11-7一、宾语从句的概念 my teacher.him.Mr Li teaches English包包含含宾宾语语从从句句的的句句子子结结构：构：主主句句+连连接接词词（引引导导词）词）+宾宾语语从从句句I like（名名词词作作宾宾语语)I know（代代词词作作宾宾语）语）I know.(句句子子作作宾宾语）语）2022-11-7二、宾语从句三要素连连 接接 词词时时 态态语语 序序2022-11-7（一）连接词1.that 2.whether/if 3.连接代词who whom whose what which4.连接副词when
2、why where how。2022-11-7注注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略在口语当中往往省略e.g.1.I hear(that)_.（他会去北京）他会去北京）2.He said(that)_.（他非常想念我们）他非常想念我们）3.The teacher told us(that)_.（地球围着太阳转）地球围着太阳转）he will go to Beijing he missed us very much the earth moves around the sun注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态
3、，从注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时句一律用一般现在时2022-11-7由从属连词由从属连词whether,if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Ask him _.（他是否能来）他是否能来）2.I dont know _.（是否要下雨）是否要下雨）whether(if)he can come whether it is going to rain or not当句末为当句末为or not时，引导词只能用时，引导词只能用whether而不能用而不能用if.2022-11-7只能用只能用whether不能用不能用if的情况的情况1.在介词后面：在介词后
4、面：Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow.2.在动词不定式前：在动词不定式前：They asked me whether to go skating.2022-11-73.当与当与or not连用，或连用，或提出两种选择提出两种选择时时:I dont know whether hes free or not.Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.Tell me whether you
5、d like to go shopping or tidy the room.4.宾语从句提前时：宾语从句提前时：Whether this is true or not,I cant say.2022-11-7If 与whether 的练习1.I dont know _ he will come or not.2.I dont care of _ he is handsome.3.He wondered _ to stay here the next week.4._ he will come is not decided.与与or not 连用只能用连用只能用whether介词后只能用介词后
6、只能用whether与与to do 不定式连用只能用不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用作主语只能用whether2022-11-7由连接代词where,连接副词where，why 引导的宾语从句。I asked him why he smiled.Can you tell me where you are from?I dont know who will come.I didnt know who he was.这四个句子是由连接代词 who,和连接副词 where,why 引导的宾语从句。2022-11-71.He asked _.(他问谁能回答这个问题。)2.Do you kno
7、w _?(你知道他们在等谁?)who could answer the questionwhom they are waiting for由连接代词由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接及连接副词副词 when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句2022-11-73.He asked _.（他问谁的书法是班上最好的。）4.Please tell me _.（请告诉我我们什么时候开会。）5.Can you tell me _?（你能告诉我他在哪儿吗?）whose handwriting was the best in the class when
8、 well have a meeting where he is2022-11-7（二）语序：陈述句语序 即：陈述句结构（主即：陈述句结构（主+谓谓+其他成分）其他成分）将下列句子换成陈述句语序 1.Is there a bank near here?2.Are they doing homework?2022-11-72.如果主句的时态是如果主句的时态是一般过去时一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相，宾语从句只能用相应的应的_时态时态（一般过去时，（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去进行时，过过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：He told me that he was bor
9、n in Beijing in 1992.He said that he would go back to the U.S.soon.过去过去2022-11-73.如果宾语从句所陈述的是如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理客观真理，即使主句用了，即使主句用了过去时过去时，从句仍用，从句仍用 _ 时态时态。例如：。例如：The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.一般现在一般现在2022-11-7三、宾语从句与简单句的转换（一）当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose 等
10、时，从句可简化为不定式结构。eg:(1)I hope that I can receive your e-mail.I hopeto receive your e-mail_.2022-11-7(二）当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn 等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。eg:(2)She doesnt know what she should do next.She doesnt know_.(三）当主句的谓语动词是ask,tell,show,teach 等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。eg:(3)Will
11、 you please show me how I can work it out?Will you please show me _.(四）当直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语时，用ask/tell/orderSb.(not)to do sth 结构。eg:(4)A:Please be quiet.B:What did Bill say?A:He asked us to be quiet.what to do nexthow to work it out2022-11-7四、否定转移 在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think，believe,guess,supp
12、ose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。eg:(5)I dont think he will come with you.注意：这种句子在其后接附加问句时，要特别小心。eg:(6)I dont believe he has finished the work,_?(7)He knew why Jim wasnt at school,_?解析：例6，当主句的主语为第一人称时，附加问句的主语由宾 语从句的主语充当。例7，如果主句的主语非第一人称时，则附加问句的主语 由主句的主语充当。has hedidnt he2022-11-7一、用正确的连
13、词填空。1.The teacher asked Lucy _ she was late for school.2.We dont know _ it will rain tomorrow.3.The man wants to know _ she comes from.4.I dont remember _ the train arrived.5.Could you show us _ we can turn on the computer?6.She knew _ she should work hard for the people.7.Could you tell me _ is the
14、 way to the station?8.Please tell me _ pictures they have drawn.whyif/whetherwherewhenhowthatwhichhow many2022-11-7Do you know _?A.where does she live B.she lives whereC.where she lives D.where she live2.His parents wanted to know what he _at that time.A.is doing B.was doing C.has done D.will doCB巩固
15、练习：巩固练习：I从下列从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。中选择一个正确选项填空。2022-11-74Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour,but could not find _?A.what Lily was B.what was LilyC.where Lily was D.where was LilyC3.We dont know _.-It is said that he was born in Canada.A.what he is B.when he was born C.where he comes from D.i
16、f he lives here C2022-11-75 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.A.took B.take C.takes D.will take 6 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.A.travelled B.has travelled C.travels D.had travelled AC2022-11-77.Could you please tell me _ he will come here tomorrow?A.if B.weather C.what
17、D.whichA8.Could you tell me _?A.when will they leave BeijingB.when would they leave BeijingC.when they will leave Beijing D.when did they leave Beijing C2022-11-7 将下列句子合并为一句:1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.2.What will you speak at the meeting?Could you tell me?3.Do they like to go skiing?He
18、asked.4.He is doing his homework.He said.5.He will come back.Tom said.I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?He asked if they liked to go skiing.He said that he was doing his homework.Tom said that he would come back.2022-11-76.Is she doing her hom
19、ework?Jim asked.7.When will he come back?Tom asked.8.How can I get to the station?Could you tell me?9.Why is the train late?Would you tell me?10.Where is Tom?They asked.Jim asked if she was doing her homework.Tom asked when he would come back.Could you tell me how I can get to the station?Would you
20、tell me why the train is late?They asked where Tom was.2022-11-7II.改错：1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school._Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school.2.Father told me the sun always rose in the east._Father told me the sun always rises in the east.3.He doesnt know that when she can co
21、me back._He doesnt know when she can come back.2022-11-7将下列句子合并为一句将下列句子合并为一句:1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.2.What will you say at the meeting?Could you tell me?3.Do they like to make friends with us?He asked.4.“I am doing my homework.”He said.5.“I will come back.”Tom said.I asked where the
22、y stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will sayat the meeting?He asked if they liked to make friends with them.He said that he was doing his homework.Tom said that he would come back.2022-11-76.“Is he doing his homework?”Jim asked.7.“When will he come back?”Tom asked.8.“How can I get to the
23、 station?”Could you tell me?9.“Why is the train late?”Would you tell me?10.“Where is Tom?”They asked.Tom asked when he would come back.Could you tell me how I can get to the station?Would you tell me why the train is late?They asked where Tom was.Jim asked if he was doing his homework.2022-11-7宾 语 从
24、 句 小 结一一.结构结构1.当陈述句作宾语从句时当陈述句作宾语从句时,结构结构:主句主句+that+主语主语+谓语部分谓语部分2.当一般疑问句作宾语从句时当一般疑问句作宾语从句时,结构结构:主句主句+if(whether)+主语主语+谓语部分谓语部分3.当当 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,结构结构:主句主句+特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+主语主语+谓语部分谓语部分二主从时态关系二主从时态关系 主句主句 从句从句一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 3.(特殊特殊):任何时态任何时态 (客观、自然现象客观、自然现象)三三.语序：陈述语序语序：陈述语序时态不变时态不变时态相应变化时态相应变化 一般现在时一般现在时2022-11-7谢谢大家2022-11-7
