1、英语必修必修 人教版人教版Unit 3ComputersSection Learning about Language 2 2自主预习自主预习3 3合作探究合作探究4 4巩固园地巩固园地5 5课课 时时 作作 业业1 1语法精讲语法精讲语语 法法 精精 讲讲现在完成时的被动语态自自 主主 预预 习习用所给词的适当的时态、语态填空。1Over time I _(change)quite a lot.2First as a PC and then as a laptop，I _(use)in offices and homes since the 1970s.3Since the 1970s ma
2、ny new applications _(find)for me.4I _also _(put)into robots and _(use)to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.5I _even _(put)into space rockets and _(send)to explore the Moon and Mars.have been changedhave been usedhave been found1havebeen putusedhavebeen putsent合合 作作 探探 究究一、现
3、在完成时的被动语态的基本用法1基本概念。现在完成时的被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性的动作，动作已完成并强调对现在造成的影响或结果，主语和谓语之间为被动关系。The new school has been set up.新学校已经建成了。I have been employed at the job since 2000.自从2000年，我就做这份工作。2基本构成。现在完成时的被动语态的结构为has/have been done。主语为单数时用has been done，而主语为复数时则用have been done。The experiment has been done successf
4、ully.这个实验做得很成功。His novels have been translated into several languages.他的小说已被译成了几种语言。3现在完成时的被动语态的各种句式。肯定式主语have/has been done.否定式主语have/has not been done.一般疑问式Have/Has主语been done.？特殊疑问式特殊疑问词have/has主语been done.？He has been admitted to the club.他已被接纳为俱乐部成员了。Toms novel has not been published.汤姆的小说还没有被出
5、版。Has his bike been repaired?他的自行车修好了吗？Who has been invited?谁受到了邀请？(1)since then，since从句，so far，by now，up to now，recently，lately，already，yet，in the last/past时间段等常用于现在完成时的句子中。(2)非延续性动词，如borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要变换动词或时态。Since the products we
6、re put in market，they have been well received.自从这些产品被投入市场，它们已得到好评。这本书已借了两周了。The book has been borrowed for two weeks.FThe book has been kept for two weeks since it was borrowed.T将下列句子变为被动语态。They have carried out the plan since last month.The plan _since last month.The host has invited all his guests
7、 to the party.All his guests _to the party.根据要求改写句子。Those old homeless men have been well looked after.Those old homeless men _.(否定句)_those old homeless men _？(一般疑问句)has been carried outhave been invitedhavent been well looked afterHavebeen well looked after二、使用现在完成时的被动语态的几点注意事项1只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主
8、动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。His boss has already punished him.He has already been punished(by his boss)2带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，make，sing，write，read，sell，buy，pay，lend，pass，promise等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。The company has given him a chance to work abroad re
9、cently.He has been given a chance to work abroad recently(by the company)A chance to work abroad has been given to him recently(by the company)3带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语。With these decorations，the workers have made the room more beautiful.With these decorations，the room has been mad
10、e more beautiful(by the workers)M名师点津带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，若宾语补足语为省略to的不定式充当时，在被动语态中需将省掉的to加上。The boss has made his men work a whole day to make a plan.His men have been made to work a whole day to make a plan(by the boss)4短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。The orphan has been well looked after.这个孤儿一直受到很好的照顾。单句改错。She has been made study the material for almost a month.()The little baby has been taken good care.()They worked on the important plan in the past two years.()在study前加to 在care后加of workedhave worked
