1、Section DReading for Writing&Assessing Your Progress.知识体系图解 重点词汇 1.vt.&vi.(使)洒出;(使)溢出 2.n.眼泪;泪水 3.n.&vt.伤害;损害 4.n.绝望vi.绝望;感到无望 5.n.力量;威力 6.n.(网球等的)球场;法院;法庭7.adj.灵活的;可变通的 8.n.收入;收益 9.adv.因此;所以 10.n.紧张关系;紧张;焦虑 spilltearharmdespairmightcourtflexibleincomethereforetension11.waitress n.12.pregnant adj.13
2、.disguise vt.n.14.maple n.15.cart n.16.limp vi.17.fable n.18.per prep.(餐馆的)女服务员;女侍者 怀孕的;妊娠的 装扮;假扮;掩盖 伪装;化装用具枫树;槭树手推车;运货马车跛行;一瘸一拐地走寓言;寓言故事 每;每一重点短语 1.trip over 2.in tears 3.in despair 4.a great deal(of)5.crash into 6.pick oneself up 7.make an attempt to do 8.end up doing 9.with all ones might 10.belo
3、ng to 被绊倒流着泪;含着泪 处于绝望中 大量 撞到上 起身 试图做 以结束 用尽全力 属于重点句式Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the stone out of the road.释义匹配1.disguiseA.a feeling that you have no hope at all2.despair B.the money that you earn from your work3.incomeC.the place where a trial is held4.flexibleD.to change someon
4、es appearance so that people cannot recognize them5.court E.able to change to suit new conditions or situations答案:1.D2.A3.B4.E5.C.单句填空1.The writer got carried away and ended up(write)too much detail.2.They succeeded in(launch)the satellite into orbit.3.The man stepped out from the dark,which made me
5、(frighten).4.A group of girls came along,each(balance)a pot of water on her head.5.The man said to(him),“How can I get across the river without a boat?”writing launching frightened balancing himself 重点词汇1.The king was in despair.国王绝望了。【词汇精讲】句中的despair是名词,意为“绝望”,despair可作不及物动词,意为“绝望;感到无望”。The noise u
6、pstairs used to drive him to despair.楼上的噪音曾使他绝望。In spite of the difficulties,he never despaired.尽管困难重重,他从没绝望。【词汇拓展】To the despair of the workers,the company announced the closure of the factory.使工人们绝望的是,公司宣布关闭工厂。Their son was lost ten years ago,but they never despaired of finding him.他们的儿子十年前失踪了,但他们
7、从未失去找到他的希望。2.Is there no one in this village who feels any responsibility to keep their neighbours from harm?在这个村子里,难道没有人觉得有责任不让邻居受到伤害吗?【词汇精讲】句中的harm是名词,意为“伤害;损害”,harm也可作动词,意为“伤害;损害”。Shes a terrible gossip but she means no harm.她爱说三道四,不过她没有恶意。There was a traffic accident in this street,but no one wa
8、s harmed.这街上发生了交通事故,但没有人受伤。【词汇拓展】It wouldnt do him any harm to work a bit harder.工作努力点对他没什么害处。It is generally accepted that smoking is harmful to our health.吸烟有害健康,这是大家公认的。【微写作】Eating too much every day is harmful to our health,that is to say,eating too much every day does harm to our health.每天吃太多对我
9、们的健康有害,也就是说,每天吃太多伤害我们的健康。3.After a great deal of effort,she finally succeeded in moving it to the side of the street.经过很大的努力,她最终成功地把它移到了街道的一边。【词汇精讲】a great deal of意为“大量的”,后接不可数名词。After several years self-study he acquired a great deal of knowledge.经过几年的自学,他获得了不少知识。I spend a great deal of time thinki
10、ng about the power of language.我花了大量的时间思考语言的力量。【词汇拓展】【温馨提示】“large quantities/amounts of+n.”作主语时谓语动词用复数形式,而“a large quantity/amount of+n.”作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。4.and therefore the public would continue to receive good health services.因此,公众能继续享受好的医疗服务。【词汇精讲】therefore是副词,意为“因此;所以”。Muscle cells need lots of fue
11、l and therefore burn lots of calories.肌肉细胞需要很多能量,所以会燃烧大量卡路里。It rained and therefore the football match was postponed.足球赛因为下雨而延期了。【易混辨析】however“然而”,表示让步、转折,常用逗号与句子的其他成分隔开。therefore“因此;所以”,表示结果。besides“另外;还有”,表示递进关系。instead“相反”,表示相反的情况。重点句式Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the stone out
12、 of the road.她和朋友都没有想着把石头从路上移开。【句式剖析】neither.nor.表示“既不,也不”,其含义是否定的,可连接任意两个并列的成分。She likes neither butter nor cheese.她既不喜欢黄油也不喜欢奶酪。My brother can neither speak English nor write in it.我弟弟既不会说英语,也不会用英语写作。【温馨提示】当neither.nor.连接两个主语时,句中的谓语动词应遵循“就近原则”。Neither the sisters nor Tom likes to play the violin.姐
13、妹们和汤姆都不喜欢拉小提琴。文化意识美德:在人格心理学内,是指凡是可以给一个人的自我增添力量的东西,包括攻击,力量,勇气,自信等。道德:指衡量行为正当与否的观念标准。一个社会一般有社会公认的道德规范。只涉及个人、个人之间、家庭等的私人关系的道德,称为私德;涉及社会公共部分的道德,称为社会公德。高分写作假如你是某校高一学生李华,从网上看到老人跌倒,路人不敢扶的报道,请你根据以下要点给某英文报编辑写一封信。1.简要描述报道的内容;2.分析其原因;3.你的看法。生词:frame 诬陷注意:1.词数80左右;2.可适当增加内容,以使行文连贯。一、审题定调1.确定体裁:本单元的写作是给编辑写一封信,内容
14、涉及老人跌倒、路人不敢扶的社会现象。2.确定人称:由于是说明这种现象及其原因,所以以第三人称为主。3.确定时态:主要是说明这种现象产生的原因,所以以一般现在时为主。二、谋篇布局本文分为三个段落。第一段:开门见山,说明当前所存在的这种现象;第二段:分析产生这种现象的原因;第三段:自己的看法。三、短文模板 1.常用语块 fall on the ground倒在地上watch with sympathy同情地看着help sb up把扶起来frame those who help them诬陷帮助他们的人be willing to do乐意做某事get oneself into trouble自己惹
15、麻烦take care of the old照顾老人meet with such a case遇到这种情况2.遣词造句 普通表达高级表达An old man fell on the ground and many people were standing around and watched sympathetically.A few of the people are not honest and they will frame others.Though many people want to help them,they dont want to get into trouble.We
16、should respect and take care of the old and that is the traditional Chinese virtue.An old man fell on the ground and many people were standing around watching with sympathy.On the one hand,a few of the people are dishonest and they will frame those who help them.On the other hand,though many people
17、are willing to help them,they are afraid of getting themselves into trouble.Respecting and taking care of the old is the traditional Chinese virtue.四、连句成文 参考范文Dear Editor,I read from the Internet that an old man fell on the ground and many people were standing around watching with sympathy,but no on
18、e dared to help him up.This is what happens in our society nowadays.The reason for this is very simple.On the one hand,a few of the people are dishonest and they will frame those who help them.On the other hand,though many people are willing to help them,they are afraid of getting themselves into tr
19、ouble.In my opinion,we should all help each other.Respecting and taking care of the old is the traditional Chinese virtue.If I meet with such a case,I will call 120 first and then do what I can to help him.Yours,Li Hua.完成句子1.办公室里只有我一个人受到了邀请。I was the only person in my office.答案:who was invited2.如果是这
20、样的话,那么你对于幸福的性质有一些错误的观点了。,you have some mistaken ideas about the nature of happiness.答案:If so3.他醒来时发现钱包被偷了。When he woke up,he found.答案:his wallet stolen4.山上有一些高大的树,有些有30米高。There are some tall trees on the hill,30 meters.答案:some measuring5.他和你都不勤奋。are diligent.答案:Neither he nor you.语篇填空A king put a la
21、rge stone with 1.(hide)gold coins in the middle of the main street in a local village.A milkman crashed into the stone,2.(spill)the milk everywhere.He picked himself up and 3.(angry)went away.A group of 4.(woman)came along,but no one thought about moving the stone out of the road.A whole day passed
22、5.anybody making 6.attempt to move it.Just then,the king 7.(see)a young girl coming along.The girl managed 8.(move)it to the side of the street and found the gold coins.The king stepped out from behind the tree and told her that the gold was 9.(she)because she was the only person 10.learnt the lesson he wanted to teach the people.hidden spilling angrily women without an saw to move hers who
