1、Find the word or phrase from the text for each of these meanings.1)brown(skin)from spending too much time in the sun2)to make something or somebody free of3)to become larger in size,number or amountsunburntridofexpand4)to make information and ideas known to many people5)would prefer to6)to try extre
2、mely hard to achieve somethingcirculatewould ratherstruggle7)to send things to foreign countries for sale8)pleased by having what one wants or needs9)to provide with things necessary for a certain purposeexportsatisfied withequip10)plants grown in large amounts by farmers11)because ofcropsthanks to
3、1.Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer,for he works the land to do his research.袁隆平仍然认为自己是个农民，因为他在田袁隆平仍然认为自己是个农民，因为他在田间耕作，进行科学研究。间耕作，进行科学研究。working the land 土地耕种土地耕种 work vi./vt.经营经营,管理管理 work the land=grow crops on it 耕耘土地耕耘土地 e.g.He works a big farm.他经营着一个大的农场。他经营着一个大的农场。2.for whom he has stru
4、ggled for the past five decades.过去过去50年来，他一直在努力帮助他们。年来，他一直在努力帮助他们。struggle vt.&vi.&n.斗争斗争;拼搏拼搏;努力努力;挣扎挣扎struggle短语短语struggle to do sth.艰难地做某事艰难地做某事,挣扎着做某事挣扎着做某事struggle with(against)与与作斗争作斗争,同同搏斗搏斗struggle for 为为而斗争而斗争struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来挣扎着站起来【语境运用语境运用】单句填空。单句填空。1)Shes struggling _(bring)up
5、 a family alone.2)Millions of people are struggling _ survival.3)John struggled _ cancer for two years.4)Police said there were no signs of a _(struggle).to bringforagainst/withstruggle3.Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the field.袁博士袁博士(开始开始)在不增加农田面积
6、的基础上寻在不增加农田面积的基础上寻求水稻增产的途径。求水稻增产的途径。expand vt.使变大使变大;使增强使增强;阐述阐述 vi.扩大扩大;增加增加;增强增强 【归纳归纳】expand.into 把把扩展扩展(发展发展,膨胀膨胀)成成 expand on/upon 阐述阐述;详谈详谈【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)我们打算通过再开两家商店来扩大生意。我们打算通过再开两家商店来扩大生意。We plan to _ by opening two more stores.2)管道里的水结成了冰，导致管身膨胀爆裂。管道里的水结成了冰，导致管身膨胀爆裂。The water froze i
7、nside the pipe,causing it to _.3)Could you expand _ that point,please?expand the businessexpand and burston/uponexpand 展开展开,扩大扩大,不仅指尺寸的增加不仅指尺寸的增加,还可指还可指 范围和体积的扩大。范围和体积的扩大。extend 伸出伸出,延伸延伸,指空间范围的扩大指空间范围的扩大,以及长以及长 度、宽度的向外延伸度、宽度的向外延伸,也可指时间的延也可指时间的延 长。长。spread 伸开伸开,传播传播,一般指向四面八方扩大传播一般指向四面八方扩大传播 的范围的范围,如
8、传播如传播(疾病疾病)、散布、散布(信息信息)等。等。stretch 伸展伸展,拉长拉长,一般指由曲变直、由短变长一般指由曲变直、由短变长 的伸展的伸展,不是加长。不是加长。expand extend spread stretch【语境应用语境应用】用用expand/extend/spread/stretch的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。1)The hot weather _ to October.2)Water _ when it freezes.3)He _ his body full.4)The fire soon _ to the nearby building.extendedex
9、pandsstretchesspread4.This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce 20%more of the crop in the same fields.这种特殊的稻田使得同样的田地多收获这种特殊的稻田使得同样的田地多收获20%的的产量。产量。make it+宾语补足语宾语补足语+动词不定式动词不定式,it做形式宾做形式宾语语,动词不定式是真正的宾语。动词不定式是真正的宾语。e.g.We consider it our duty to support good leaders.我们认为支持好领导是我们的责任。我们
10、认为支持好领导是我们的责任。The new method makes it possible to complete the task faster.新方法使更快地完成任务成为可能。新方法使更快地完成任务成为可能。5.Thanks to his research,the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.由于他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战由于他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中有了更多的方法。斗中有了更多的方法。thanks to 由于；多亏（有时用作反语）由于；多亏（有时用作反语）;因因为为【方法规律方
11、法规律】owing to和和thanks to的宾语所表达的内容往往的宾语所表达的内容往往是正面的、积极的东西。是正面的、积极的东西。due to,because of和和as a result of的宾语则为中的宾语则为中性的内容。在表达负面、消极的内容时多用性的内容。在表达负面、消极的内容时多用as a result of和和due to。【拓展拓展】表示表示“因为，由于因为，由于”的短语还有：的短语还有：because of,owing to,on account of,due to,as a result of,result from【温馨提示温馨提示】以上这些都是介词短语，因此后面可
12、以跟名以上这些都是介词短语，因此后面可以跟名词或动名词而不可以跟从句。词或动名词而不可以跟从句。【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)It was all a great success _(由于尽心竭力由于尽心竭力).2)_(多亏了你的帮助多亏了你的帮助),we arrived there safely.thanks to a lot of hard workThanks to your helprid.of 意为意为“摆脱，除去”，此时，此时，rid作动作动词，词，rid oneself of sb./sth.意为意为“摆脱，从摆脱，从中解脱中解脱”。e.g.The man rid
13、himself of debt.这个人还清了债务。这个人还清了债务。It is very hard for the people to rid the earth of pollution.人们很难消除地球的污染。人们很难消除地球的污染。Will science finally rid us of this disease?科学最终能使我们摆脱这种疾病吗？科学最终能使我们摆脱这种疾病吗？rid sb./sth.of sb./sth.意为意为“去除，清除去除，清除”【注意注意】rid还可以作名词还可以作名词,构成短语构成短语get rid of,“摆脱掉、摆脱掉、除掉、处理掉除掉、处理掉”。如。
14、如:Its easy to get into the habit of taking drugs but hard to get rid of it.We cant get rid of war until we get rid of the causes of war.【语境应用语境应用】完成句子完成句子,使其与所给的句子意使其与所给的句子意思相同或相近。思相同或相近。1)It is not easy for him to get rid of the bad habit.It is hard for him to _ _ _ the bad habit.2)He plans to give
15、 up smoking in two months.He plans to _ _ _ smoking in two months.get rid ofrid himself of6.Using his hybrid rice,farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食 比以前多了一倍。比以前多了一倍。英语中的倍数表达法共有三种形式英语中的倍数表达法共有三种形式:1)倍数倍数+形容词形容词/副词的比较级副词的比较级+than.2)倍数倍数+as+形容词形
16、容词/副词的原级副词的原级+as.3)倍数倍数+the+名词名词+of.e.g.This building is five times higher than that one.这这座楼比那座楼高出五倍座楼比那座楼高出五倍。This building is five times as high as that one.这这座楼是那座楼的五倍高座楼是那座楼的五倍高。7.Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life.袁隆平对生活非常满足。袁隆平对生活非常满足。be satisfied with 对对感到满意感到满意 e.g.One shouldnt be sat
17、isfied with only a little success.一个人一个人不应该只因一点小成就就感到满不应该只因一点小成就就感到满 足。足。satisfy v.使使.满意满意,赔偿赔偿 e.g.I had to explain the reasons to satisfy his curiosity.我只好解释原因来满足他的好奇心。我只好解释原因来满足他的好奇心。satisfaction n.满意；满足满意；满足 satisfactory adj.令人满意的，圆满的令人满意的，圆满的【相关短语相关短语】satisfy ones desire/curiosity/needs满足欲望满足欲望
18、/好奇心好奇心/需要需要satisfy sb.of/that 使某人确信使某人确信.be satisfied with 对对满意满意 be satisfied to do 乐意做乐意做 with satisfaction 满意地满意地to ones satisfaction=to the satisfaction of sb.使某人满意的是使某人满意的是be far from satisfaction 远远不能让人满意远远不能让人满意8.He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。他宁愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好
19、上。【拓展拓展】would rather.than.常用句式，意为常用句式，意为“宁宁可（愿）可（愿）（而）不要（愿）（而）不要（愿）”would rather从句从句，从句要用，从句要用虚拟语气虚拟语气，用动词的过去时表示用动词的过去时表示 would rather have done 本想做本想做（而实际上未做）（而实际上未做）【语境应用语境应用】单句改错。单句改错。1)This Sunday I would rather staying at home than go to the park._2)He would rather dont go with me._3)Id rather
20、had the small apple._staying staydont nothad have9.He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.于是，他拿出好几百万元帮助其他人于是，他拿出好几百万元帮助其他人 进行农业科学研究。进行农业科学研究。therefore adv.因此；所以；因而，因此；所以；因而，表示因果关系。表示因果关系。therefore so thustherefore 副词。和上句连接时常用副词。和上句连接时常用and therefore形式，形
21、式，and前加一逗号；如前加一逗号；如没有没有and，则上句尾用分号，则上句尾用分号(;)。so连词。前一句尾常用逗号隔开，连词。前一句尾常用逗号隔开，so不不能与能与because连用。连用。thus副词。常与副词。常与and连用，呈现连用，呈现and thus+从句形式，有时也会有从句形式，有时也会有，thus doing形式，强调引起一个直接的结形式，强调引起一个直接的结果。果。【语境应用语境应用】用用therefore，so，thus填空。填空。1)She was caught cheating in the exam and _ she was punished by her tea
22、cher.2)She coughed badly,_ she went to see a doctor.3)The tram stopped suddenly,_ causing the delay.thereforesothusequip 配备；装备配备；装备e.g.We want our son to have an education that will equip him for later life.我们想让我们的儿子接受教育，使他能我们想让我们的儿子接受教育，使他能 够适应以后的生活。够适应以后的生活。【归纳归纳】equip.with.用用装备装备 be equipped with
23、 装备着装备着 equip.for sth./to do sth.为了为了而装备而装备 well/poorly equipped 设备精良的设备精良的/较差的较差的【拓展拓展】equipment n.装备装备;设备设备(不可数名词不可数名词)a piece of equipment 一件设备一件设备【语境应用语境应用】单句填空。单句填空。1)All riders _(equip)with reflective vests and safety lights.2)You must carry the necessary _(equip)with you,since its all but imp
24、ossible to find natural substitutes.3)Your training will equip you _ your future job.equipmentfor are equipped1.Indeed,his sunburnt face and arms and his slim,strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers,for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.【分析分析】本句是一个本句是一个主从复合句主从复合句
25、。his sunburnt face.Chinese farmers是主是主句。句。for whom he.five decades是非限制性定是非限制性定语从句语从句，补充说明，补充说明_。【句意句意】的确，他那被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞的确，他那被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又结实的身躯，就和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又结实的身躯，就跟其他千百万中国农民一样，过去五十年来，跟其他千百万中国农民一样，过去五十年来，他一直在努力帮助他们。他一直在努力帮助他们。millions of Chinese farmers【仿写仿写】董阳沉重的背包就跟其他千百万中董阳沉重的背包就跟其他千百万中国小学生的
26、一样，他们的父母对他们的未来国小学生的一样，他们的父母对他们的未来抱有极大的期望。抱有极大的期望。_Dong Yangs heavy bag is just like those of millions of Chinese primary students,for whose future their parents have great expectations.2.What do you think would happen if tomorrow there was suddenly no rice to eat?如果明天突然没有米吃如果明天突然没有米吃，你认为会发生什么，你认为会发生
27、什么呢？呢？【点拨点拨】本句中使用了插入语本句中使用了插入语do you think。插入语经常插到一个语法结构完整的句子里插入语经常插到一个语法结构完整的句子里去，对句子的内容作一些附加说明，有时表去，对句子的内容作一些附加说明，有时表示说话者的态度和看法等，它不和句子的成示说话者的态度和看法等，它不和句子的成分发生结构上的关联，常置于句首、句中或分发生结构上的关联，常置于句首、句中或句末。把插入语去掉之后，句子的结构和语句末。把插入语去掉之后，句子的结构和语义还是完整的。义还是完整的。【拓展拓展】常用于插入语的动词有常用于插入语的动词有suppose,know,hope,believe,g
28、uess,find,say等。如：等。如：You came by air,I suppose.用作插入语的主要有：副词、形容词、介用作插入语的主要有：副词、形容词、介词短语、不定式、动词词短语、不定式、动词-ing形式短语和分形式短语和分句。如：句。如：Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea.Unfortunately,neither of them could swim.If she ran towards it,it might attack her.Worse still,it could even carry off the baby
29、in its mouth.Your performance in the driving test didnt reach the required standard in other words,you failed.To be frank with you,I have no money on me.Judging from what he said to me today,his minds made up.It is so nice to hear from her.Believe it or not,we last met more than thirty years ago.【仿写
30、仿写】_(令我令我惊讶的是惊讶的是,他说的话和所做的事没有任何关他说的话和所做的事没有任何关系。系。)What he did,to my surprise,has nothing to do with what he said.从从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。四个选项中选出最佳选项。What fruit is in season now?Pears and apples,_.A.I know B.I think C.I see D.I feel Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?Yes,_,Im goin
31、g to visit some homes for the old in the city.A.If ever B.If busy C.If anything D.If possibleDB3.Although he is one of Chinas most famous scientists,Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer,for he works the land to do his research.【分析分析】本句是一个主从复合句。本句是一个主从复合句。主句是主句是Yuan Longping considers himself a f
32、armer;Although引导让步引导让步 状语从句状语从句;for在此是连词在此是连词,表示原因。表示原因。【句意句意】尽管是中国最著名的科学家之一，袁隆平仍尽管是中国最著名的科学家之一，袁隆平仍然认为自己是个农民，因为他在田间耕作，然认为自己是个农民，因为他在田间耕作，进行科学研究。进行科学研究。【仿写仿写】尽管我弟弟学习刻苦尽管我弟弟学习刻苦,但是他考试老但是他考试老是不及格，因为他很粗心。是不及格，因为他很粗心。_,he always fails in exams,_.Although my brother studies very hardfor he is verycareles
33、s4.In 1973,he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.the first.to do sth.第一个做第一个做。动词不。动词不定式定式(to grow rice)作定语作定语,修饰修饰the first agricultural pioneer。the first,the last,the second,the only等短语后多用动词不定式作等短语后多用动词不定式作后置定语。后置定语。【句意句意】1973年，他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的年，他
34、成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。农业先锋。【仿写仿写】_ _ _公元公元950年第一个到达新西兰的旅行者是一个年第一个到达新西兰的旅行者是一个叫库佩的人。叫库佩的人。The first traveler to reach New Zealand in the year 950 was a man whose name was Kupe.5.Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.【分析分析】本句是一个简单句。本句是一个简单句。Y
35、uan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests是句子的主干，是句子的主干，“without+动词动词-ing形式短语形式短语”在句中在句中 作状语。作状语。【句意句意】袁隆平要在不增加土地面积的基础上袁隆平要在不增加土地面积的基础上寻求增收稻谷的途径。寻求增收稻谷的途径。【仿写仿写】她不辞而别。她不辞而别。She left _.without saying goodbye6.These increased harvests mean that 22%of the worlds people are fed from just
36、7%of the farmland in the world.【分析分析】本句是一个主从复合句。本句是一个主从复合句。主句是主句是These increased harvests mean,increased为过去分词作定语为过去分词作定语,修饰修饰 harvests;that引导的是宾语从句。引导的是宾语从句。“分数或百分数分数或百分数+of+复数可数名词复数可数名词”结构作结构作主语时主语时,谓语动词用复数形式谓语动词用复数形式;“分数或百分分数或百分数数+of+不可数名词不可数名词”结构作主语时结构作主语时,谓语动谓语动词用单数形式。从句的主语为词用单数形式。从句的主语为22%of th
37、e worlds people,故谓语用故谓语用are。【句意句意】这一粮食产量的增加意味着仅占世界这一粮食产量的增加意味着仅占世界7%的的耕地养活了世界上耕地养活了世界上22%的人口。的人口。【仿写仿写】收集到的资料表明超过收集到的资料表明超过20%的野生动物已的野生动物已经在森林里消失。经在森林里消失。The collected information shows that more than _ _ in the forest.20%of the wild animalshave disappearedWords:struggle therefore equip rid Phrases:
38、work the land thanks to would rather be satisfied with Sentence pattern:make it+宾语补足语宾语补足语+动词动词不定式不定式倍数倍数表表达法达法I.根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子（每根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子（每空一词，含缩略形式）。空一词，含缩略形式）。1._ _ _ _(幸幸亏有约翰的帮助亏有约翰的帮助),we finished our work early.2.“_ _ _ _ _ _ _(你对你的新你对你的新 房子满意吗房子满意吗)?”he asked me.Thanks to Johns help
39、Are you satisfied with your new house3.She wanted to_ _ _ _(过安静的生活过安静的生活),so she decided to live in the countryside.4.He is practising hard _ _ _ _ _ _ _(希望能在比赛中获胜希望能在比赛中获胜).5.My teacher _ _ _ _ _(从一所美国的大学毕业从一所美国的大学毕业)with a degree in English literature ten years go.lead/live a quiet life with the h
40、ope of winning the competition graduated from an American collegeII.根据括号内的提示翻译下面句子。根据括号内的提示翻译下面句子。1.那只狗正在挣扎着想摆脱那个人。那只狗正在挣扎着想摆脱那个人。(struggle)_ _2.他宁愿呆在家里看书。他宁愿呆在家里看书。(would rather)_3.汤姆生病了，所以没能来。汤姆生病了，所以没能来。(therefore)_The dog is struggling to get away from the man.He would rather stay(at)home and read books.Tom was ill,and therefore could not come.4.这家饭店不像以前那么好了。这家饭店不像以前那么好了。(as.as)_5.这位医生给了他一些药，使他摆脱了疼痛。这位医生给了他一些药，使他摆脱了疼痛。(rid.of)_ _The doctor rid him of his pain by giving him some medicine.The restaurant is not as good as it used to be.Finish the exercises 2,3 on page 12.
