1、 Unit 6 When was it invented ? 一一单词攻略单词攻略 heel n. 鞋跟 electricity n.电 style n.样式；款式 project n.工程；项目 zipper n.拉链 daily adj.日常的 website n. 网站 pleasure n.高兴；愉悦 pioneer n.先锋 list v.列清单 n.清单 mention v.提到 accidental adj.偶然的 ruler n.统治者 boil v.煮沸 remain v.保持不变；剩余 smell v.闻到 n.气味 national adj.国家的；民族的 popular
2、ity n.受欢迎；普及 doubt n.疑惑 v. 怀疑 trade n. 贸易 fridge n.冰箱 low adj.低的；矮的 somebody pron.某人 translate v.翻译 lock v.锁住 n.锁 ring v.打电话；发出铃声 earthquake n.地震 sudden adj. 突然的 bell n.铃声 biscuit n.饼干 cookie n.曲奇饼 musical adj.音乐的 instrument n.乐器 crispy adj.酥脆的 salty adj.咸的 sour adj. 酸的 customer n.顾客 Canadian adj.加拿
3、大的 n. 加拿大人 the Olympics 奥运会 divide v.分开 basket n.篮筐 hero n.英雄 nearly adv.几乎 professional adj.专业的 二二短语集锦短语集锦 1. have a point 有道理 2.by accident 偶然地 3.take place 发生 4.without doubt 毫无疑问 5. not only,but also 不仅，而且 6.divide.into 把.分开 7.look up to 仰慕 8. by mistake 错误地；无意中 9.all a sudden 突然地 10.translate.i
4、nto 把.翻译. 11. at a .price 以.价格 12.stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 13.lead to 导致 14. come up with 提出 15.achieve ones dream 实现某人的梦想 16.with pleasure 乐意效劳 17.encourage sb.to do sth 鼓励某人做某事想出 18.dream of/about sth 梦想做某事 三经典句型经典句型 1. When was the telephone invented? 电话是在什么时候被发明的。 2. It is said that a Chi
5、nese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink. 据说有一位叫做神农的中国统治者最早发现了茶可以饮用。 3. It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the sixth and seventh centuries. 人们认为茶是在 60 世纪和 70 世纪期间被带到了朝鲜和日本。 4. Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play, but it has al
6、so become a popular sport to watch. 篮球不仅已经成为一项人们喜欢玩的运动，它也已经成为一项人们喜欢观看的运动。 5. Even though many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese are without doubt the ones who best understand the nature of tea. 尽管现在有许多人了解茶文化，但毫无疑问，中国人是最了解茶的本质的人。 6. At the same time, they need to stop the competing team
7、from getting the ball into their own basket. 同时，他们需要阻止对手将球投进他们自己的篮筐里。 7. These stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams。 这些球星鼓励年轻人刻苦努力来实现他们的梦想 四、四、语法易用语法易用 1.被动语态定义：被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。 2.一般过去时的被动语态的构成：was/were + done（过去分词） 句式 构成 例句 肯定句 主语+was/were+过去分词（+by sb.） Many peo
8、ple were killed in a traffic accidents. 否定句 主语+was/were+not+过去分词（+by sb.） English wasnt spoken by people here in the past. 一般疑问句 Was/Were+主语+过去分词（+by sb.） Were the cars made in China? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句+was/were+not+主语+过去分 词（+by sb.）? What was this kind of sweater made of？ How were these machines used? 3.主
9、动语态变成被动语态的规则 Many people spoke English. English was spoken by many people. 4. 各种时态的被动语态形式归纳（以动词 do 为例） 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 现在 am/is/are+done am/is/are+ being done has/have+ been done 过去 Was/were+done Was/were+being done had+ been done 将来 shall/will+be done Will/shall+have been done 含有情态动词 could/can/must/
10、may/should+be done 5.主动句中用省 to 的不定式作宾补，变被动时定要加上 to。这种谓语动词有 feel，hear，listen to，let，make， have， see，notice，look at，watch（即常言道“一感二听三让四看见”）。 Eg. Mother often makes me finish my homework. I am often made to finish my homework. 6.某些可用来表示主语内在品质或性能的不及物动词，如 sell, write, wash, clean,last(耐久), wear(耐穿), 等 可用主
11、动形式表达被动意义. Eg.This kind of food sells well. 有些词如 want/need 后加动名词表示被动语态。 Eg. The car needs washing.=The car needs to be washed. 7.固定句型 it is said/thought/supposed/reported/believed+ that 从句，意为“据说/据认为/据报道” 五单词精讲五单词精讲 1. style n.样式；款式样式；款式 【短语】out of style 过时的 in style 流行的 【考题链接】The new skirt is beauti
12、ful. Its_A_. A.in style B.in person C.in total D.in fact 2. pleasure n.高兴；愉悦的高兴；愉悦的 【拓展】pleasant adj. 令人愉快的，修饰事物 pleased adj.感到高兴的，修饰人 With pleasure.乐意效劳 是对方提出请求，答应对方的用语，问句通常是“Could you please do?” My pleasure.不用谢 常用作别道谢时的客气回答。完整形式“Its my pleasure.” 【 考 题 链 接 】 -I have difficulty working out the pro
13、blem by myself. Could you please help me?-_B_ A. Its my pleasure B.With pleasure C.No, I couldnt D. Thats right 2.The old couple were_B_ because they had a _trip in Australia. A.pleased; pleasure B.pleased; pleasant C.pleasant; pleased D.please; pleased 3. mention v.提及提及 【短语】mention+that 从句 mention
14、sb/sth to sb 向某人提及某人某事 mention doing sth 提到做某事 【拓展】Dont mention it.常用于口语交际，意为“不用谢”。 【考题链接】1.whenever I mentioned _having_(have) dinner together, he said he was too busy. 2. Nobody mentioned anything_to_ me about it.(没人向我提及此事) 4. daily everyday 形容词，意为“每天的；日常的”，只能作定语。 every day 副词短语，意为“每天”，作状语 daily 作
15、形容词时，相当于 everyday，作副词时，相当于 every day。 【考题链接】1.Betty tries to learn some_everyday_/daily_ English_every day/daily_. 2.Many students will buy some_daily/everyday_ things before school. 5. accidental adj.偶然的；意外的偶然的；意外的 【拓展】accident n.事故 accidentally adv.突然地 【短语】by accident=by chance 偶然地 【考题链接】-Could yo
16、u please offer some information about the _D_to us?-Sure. It happened _accident on May 1st on the high-speed way. A.achieve; with B.matter; in C.absent; for D.accident; by 6. remain v.保持不变；剩余保持不变；剩余 【拓展】remain 用作系动词时，后接形容词、名词、分词等作表语 【考题链接】she remained_sitting_(sit) when they came in. 7. doubt 【拓展】 既
17、可以作为名词， 意为“疑惑； 疑问”； 也可以作为动词， 意为“怀疑”， 后可接名词、 代词、 if/whether、 that 从句作宾语。 【短语】without doubt 毫无疑问的 no doubt 无疑；确实 【考题链接】1.He is _no doubt_the cleverest student I have ever taught. 2. I_doubted_ him, because he had lied to me before. 8. Translate v.翻译 【拓展】translator 翻译家 【短语】translate into. 【考题链接】Today m
18、any books in Chinese_are translated into_ different languages. 9. Sudden adj.突然的 【拓展】adv. suddenly 【短语】all of sudden=suddenly 【考题链接】The rainstorm came_all of sudden/suddenly_. 六、短语赏析六、短语赏析 1.区分区分 take place 和和 happen take place 不能用于被动语态，常指事先安排或事发有因的事情。 happen 不能用于被动语态，常指偶然发生的事情。 【考题链接】 1. Last month
19、, the Belt and Road meeting_took place_ in Beijing successfully. 2. A big accident_happened_ on my way home yesterday. 2.关于关于 end 的短语的短语 end up with 以.结束 end up doing sth.以做某事结束 in the end 最后；终于 at the end of .在.的末端/尽头 by the end of 到.末为止 end up 最终成为；最后处于 【考题链接】1.The party_ended up with_ a poem. 2.A
20、t first they hated each other, but they_ended up_ getting married. 3.You will find a post office_at the end of_ the street. 4._In the end_, they successfully found a place to live in. 3.区分区分 the number of 和和 a number of the number of 意为“.数量”，后接名词复数，作主语时，谓 语动词用单数。 The number of the books is 3,000. a
21、number of 意为“许多”，后接名词复数，作主语时，谓 语动词用复数。 A number of people are here. 【考题链接】1.The number of the volunteers_A_100 now. And a small number of them_ already gone to the workplace. A.is;have B. are;have C.is;are D.is;has 2._C_ the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are_ teachers.
22、 A.A number of ; women B.A number of; woman C.The number of; women D.The number of; woman 4.区分区分 sometimes、sometime、some times 和和 some time some time 一段时间 提问用 how long sometimes 有时 频率副词，多与一般现在时连用 some times 几次；几倍 提问用 how many times some time 某时 表示某个不确定的时间，可用于过去时或将来时，提问用 when 【考题链接】1.I need_some time
23、_ to do my homework. 2. She _sometimes_ comes to visit us. 3. Lucy has been to Beijing_some times_. 4. Jack will leave for America _sometime_ next week. 5.区分区分 by mistake（一不小心地；错误地）和（一不小心地；错误地）和 by accident=by chance（偶然地）（偶然地） 【考题链接】She put on her sisters sweater_C_because it was too dark. A. by acc
24、ident B.by chance C.by mistake D.by choice 6.关于关于 look 的相关短语的相关短语 look up 查阅 look forward to 期待 look up to 钦佩 look for 寻找 look after 照顾 look back to 回顾 look down upon/on 看不起 look over 仔细检查 【考题链接】 1.The old man was taken to hospital and the doctor_looked _him_over_. 2.Lots of kids_look up to_Li Yifen
25、g today. 3.If you meet new words, you can_look up_ them in a dictionary when reading. 4.I am_looking forward to_ seeing again. 5.If you always give up, you will _be looked down upon/on_ by others. 6.Can you help me_look for_ my English books. 七句型解读七句型解读 1.When was the telephone invented? 【点拨】这是过去时被动
26、语态结构：was/were+done 【考题链接】The telephone_B_by Alexander Graham Bell. A.invent B.was invented C.is invented D.invented 2.It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink. It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the sixth and seventh centuri
27、es. 【点拨】it is said/believed that+从句,意为“据说、据认为”，其中 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 that 引导的从 句；Shen Nong was the first to discover tea 是“sb is/was the first to do sth”的结构，意为“谁是做某事的第一人” 【拓展】it is believed /reported/ known/ supposed that 【考题链接】It_A_ that not_ the last moment did the famous athlete win the game. A.is r
28、eported;until B.reported;until C.is reporting; till D.is reported;till 3.Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play, but it has also become a popular sport to watch. 【点拨】not only,but also 意为“不仅，而且”，to play 和 to watch 修饰前面的名词 sport，是作后置定语。 【拓展】1.连接两个并列的句子或句子成分；2.连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的数应和邻近它的主
29、 语保持一致，也就是“就近原则”；3.当 not only 连接的句子位于句首时表示强调，要用部分倒装结构。 【考题链接】Not only my friends but also I _B_ interested in football and Messi is our favorite star. A. be B.am C.is D.are 4.Even though many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese are without doubt the ones who best understand the nature of
30、tea. 【点拨】首先这是 even though 引导的让步状语从句，在主句“the Chinese are without doubt the ones who best understand the nature of tea”又包含了 who 引导的一个定语从句。 【拓展】without doubt 意为“的确；毫无疑问” 5. At the same time, they need to stop the competing team from getting the ball into their own basket. 【点拨】stop sb. from doing sth=pr
31、event sb. from sth=keep sb. from doing sth 意为“阻止某人做某事” 【拓展】在主动语态中，from 可以省略，在被动语态中不可省略。 【考题链接】1.I will try my best to stop my son from_D_the same mistake. A. make B.made C.makes D.making 2.What can we do to_A_ our environment_being polluted. A.stop;from B.stop;to C.prevent; with D.prevent; on 6. The
32、se stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams。 【点拨】encourage sb. to do sth 鼓励某人做某事； achieve ones dreams 实现某人的愿望 【拓展】achieve ones dream=realize ones dream= make ones dream come true 实现某人的愿望 【考题链接】If you work hard, you will realize your dream.（A） A. make your dream come true B.c
33、ome true your dream C.come your dream true D.achieves your dream 八语法专练八语法专练 1.-Simon, do you know who invented the kite?-Sure! It _by Mozi over 2.000 years ago. A.is invented B. invented C.was invented D.will be invented 【答案】C 【解析】本句意为：萨蒙，你知道风筝谁发明的吗?当然，两千年前墨子发明的。kite 和 invented 之间为被 动关系，所以用被动语态，由后面
34、2.000 years ago 可知应用一般过去时，故选 C. 2.-Is our playground still over there? -No, a large library_on it two years ago. A.is built B.was built C. built D.building 【答案】B 【解析】本句意为：我们的操场还在那里吗？ 不，两年前那里建了个图书馆。library 和 build 之间是被动 关系，所以用被动语态，而且由 two years ago 可知应用一般过去时，故选择 B。 3.Kids have to take many after- sch
35、ool classes. They _ harder to study for good grades. A.Push B.are pushed C.pushing D. have pushed 【答案】B 【解析】本句意为：孩子们不得不参加课后辅导班。他们被逼迫为了更好的成绩而更加努力学习。They 和 push 之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，而且从 have to 可以看出指的是现在的情况，应用一般现在时，故 选择 B。 4.The 31st Olympics_in Rio in 2016. A.held B.will be held C.were held D.has been hel
36、d 【答案】C 【解析】本句意为：2016 年第三十一届奥运会在里约举办。Olympics 和 hold 之间是被动关系，所以用被动 语态，并且从时间 2016 可以看出要用过去时，故选择 C。 5.A lot of trees around here_ every year and we can enjoy fresher air now. A.were planted B.are planted C.will plant D.are planting 【答案】B 【解析】本句意为：这儿周围每年都种许多树，现在我们能享受更清新的空气。trees 和 plant 之间是被动关 系，所以用被动语
37、态，而且从 every year 可以看出指的是现在的情况，应用一般现在时，故选择 B。 6.These model cars _in China in 2013. A.are made B.were made C.made D.make 【答案】B 【解析】本句意为：这些汽车模型是 2013 年中国制造的。car 和 make 之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态， 而且从 in 2013 可以看出应用一般过去时，故选择 B。 7.The boy was seen_ computer games in the net bar. A.play B.played C.to playing D.to p
38、lay 【答案】D 【解析】 本句意为： 这个小孩被人看到在网吧里玩游戏。 这里考查某些动词 （feel， hear， listen to， let， make， have， see，notice，look at，watch（即常言道“一感二听三让四看见”）变被动语态时要注意还原不定式 符号 to，故选择 D. 8. You can go out if your homework_. A.are finished B.finishes C.is finished D.will be finished 【答案】C 【解析】本句意为：如果你的作业做完了就可以出去了。homework 和 finis
39、h 之间是被动关系，所以用被动 语态，而且 if 引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现原则”，从句应该用一般现在时，并且 homework 是不可数 名词，故选择 B。 9.It_ that Donald Trump has been chosen as American president. A.says B.said C.is said D.saying 【答案】B 【解析】本句意为：据说特朗普已经当选为美国总统。It is said/believed/thought/reported +that 从句意为“据 说；据认为；据报道”，这是固定搭配。 10.Though he often mad
40、e his little sister_, he was made_by her today. A.cry;to cry B.cried;crying C.to cry;cry D.cried;crying 【答案】A 【解析】本句意为：尽管他经常让他妹妹哭，但是今天他被妹妹弄哭了。第一空考查使役动词主动语态的 用法“make sb do sth”,意为“让某人做某事”；第二空考查使役动词变被动语态时要注意还原不定式符号 to， 故选择 A 11.This pen _smoothly. A.writes B.write C.is written D.was written 【答案】A 【解析】本句意为：这只钢笔写起来很流畅。这里是 write 用主动形式表示被动，体现某种物品的性能。 12. The book _well, so it _out quickly. A.sells;is sold B.is sold;is sold C.is sold;sells D.sells;sells 【答案】A 【解析】本句意为：这本书卖得很火，所以很快被卖光了。第一空是 sell 主动形式表示被动，体现某种物品 的性能、材质等；第二空 book 和 sell 之间是被动关系，要用被动语态。
