1、Unit 4The next stepGrammar and usage模块十一模块十一Enjoy the following pictures and answer some questions.Have you heard the story“Mengmu San Qian”?Do you know what the expression self-contradiction means?Do you think snakes have feet?What does the expression mean?When we use words or phrases like these to
2、 talk about another person or thing,we are using allusion.An allusion is a literary way of making an indirect reference to stimulate ideas and associations with other things.More examples The world champion racing driver met his Waterloo at Le Mans.In 1815,Napoleon was defeated by the British and th
3、e Prussians in Waterloo,a town in central Belgium.Later people use the battle of Waterloo to describe a final crushing defeat.She is a Mother Teresa.Mother Teresa is a nun who helped poor people in India.When we say someone is a Mother Teresa,we describe a kind person who always thinks of others bef
4、ore themselves.An apple of discordany subject of disagreement and contention,the root of the trouble,dispute(不和之因；不和之因；祸根祸根)The dispute about inheriting estate formed an apple of discord between them.This problem seems to be an apple of discord between the Soviet Union and the USA.The heel of Achill
5、es/the Achilles heela week point in sth.that is otherwise without fault;the weakest spot(唯一致命唯一致命的弱点；薄弱环节；要害的弱点；薄弱环节；要害)The shortage of fortitude is his heel of Achilles.His Achilles heel was his pride-he would get very angry if anyone criticized his work.English might be his Achilles heel.Helen of
6、Troybeauty who ruins her country;a terrible disaster brought by sb.or sth.you like best (红颜祸水红颜祸水)It is unfair that historians always attribute the fall of kingdoms to Helen of Troy.Elizabeth was endowed with the beauty of Helen of Troy.Greek giftsa gift with some sinister purpose of the enemy;a gif
7、t sent in order to murder somebody(黄鼠狼给鸡拜年黄鼠狼给鸡拜年)He is always buying you expensive clothes;Im afraid they are Greek gifts for you.Comrades,be on guard against the Greek gifts.The prodigal son(浪子浪子)In the Bible,the prodigal son feels ashamed when he returns home because he has spent all of his fathe
8、rs money.The prodigal son is not a man worth taking pity on.Scrooge Scrooge is a character from the book A Christmas Carol who was known for his lack of generosity.(吝啬鬼吝啬鬼)Hes a real Scrooge.I wanted a career but ended up with Scrooge as my boss.Match the two parts.borrowed plumescats pawsour grapet
9、he lions sharekill the goose that lays the golden eggs rack ones brainsbreak the iceblack sheep最大最好的部分最大最好的部分 受人愚弄的人受人愚弄的人 靠别人得来的声望靠别人得来的声望 把得不到的说成不好把得不到的说成不好 绞尽脑汁绞尽脑汁 打破沉默打破沉默 害群之马害群之马 杀鹅取卵杀鹅取卵 Read Point 1-5 to learn the meaning of each allusion and find the ways of making an allusion.a.examples f
10、rom literature b.examples from religion c.examples from works d.examples from history e.examples from real life The ways of making an allusion may include:a.examples from literature,a character like Scrooge;b.examples from religion,like the prodigal son;c.examples from works,like the Mona Lisa;d.exa
11、mples from history,like the battle of Waterloo;e.examples from real life,like Mother Teresa.According to the Point 1-5,fill in the form.Allusions Come from The meaningsLei Feng Mona Lisareal life works of artTo describe a person who is kind and ready to help othersTo describe a personwith charming s
12、mileLin Daiyu Methuselah RenaissanceliteraturereligionhistoryTo describe the young lady who is Sentimental and sickishTo describe someone who is very oldUsed to refer to a society that is going through a period of cultural advances Read the instructions and the table on Page 57 and try to understand
13、 the meaning of each allusion and think over which of them are from literature,religion,history,real life or other sources.After that finish Zhang Hongs diary.Answers:(1)a Herculean task (2)dark horse (3)Mickey Mouse course (4)Daniel in the lions den (5)Achilles heel (6)a good Samaritan (7)catch-22 (8)Jonah Do Parts C1 and C2 on Pages 119 in the Workbook,so you will learn more about illusions.Homework
