1、Unit 1Building the futureGrammar and usage模块十模块十Links are needed between sentences to connect the ideas of the sentences to each other.Without these links,it is easy for readers to get confused.These links help readers work out what is going to happen next in a text.Linking wordsWhat are the four co
2、mmon types of links between sentences?time sequence words cause and effect words contrasting words addition wordsThey show the order of ideas or actions.Common expressions that show time sequence are first,second,finally,now and in the end.Time sequence words(时间顺序关联词语时间顺序关联词语)They show reasons and r
3、esults of doing something.Common expressions that show cause and effect include for one thing,therefore,so,as a result,etc.Cause and effect words(因果关系词语因果关系词语)They are also important links between sentences and introduce an idea that is in contrast to the idea mentioned before.Common examples includ
4、e however,in contrast,instead,nevertheless,on the contrary,on the other hand,etc.Contrasting words(对照关联词语对照关联词语)They introduce additional information.Common expressions that show addition include also,on top of something,above all,besides,furthermore,in addition,moreover,etc.Addition words(附加关联词语附加关
5、联词语)Do you know how to plant a tree?Discuss the question in pair._,we need to dig a hole and stand a stick in it._,we need to put the young plant into the hole and tie the plant to the sick._,we need to put the earth back in the hole and water the area.FirstlySecondlyFinallyReporter:Why did you orga
6、nize the concert?Bob:Well,_,I want to raise money for the hungry people.It rained,_,the football match was postponed.for one thing,therefore,so,as a result(They show reasons and results of doing something.)for one thingtherefore1.Linking words that draw a conclusion,such as to conclude,on the whole,
7、in conclusion,to sum up,in short,etc.e.g.To conclude,you should eat healthily and exercise if you want to be fit.Here are some more linking words.My son has a good job.My daughter has a good job.In brief,my wife and I do not have to support them financially any longer.2.Linking words that give an ex
8、ample,such as for example,for instance,in this/that case,etc.e.g.I have always been interested in sport,for instance,when I was at school I was in the swimming,running,and tennis teams.A:Theres no milk in the fridge.B:In that case,Ill drink water instead.3.Linking words that show differences or simi
9、larities,such as likewise,yet,despite,in spite of,etc.e.g.Tom comes home for lunch twice a week,and his sister Jane does likewise.I have given her a lot of useful advice,yet she has never taken any.Despite the heavy rain,they left to search for the missing boy.Other linking wordsOther linking wordsl
10、inking words that draw a conclusionto conclude,on the whole,in conclusion,to sum up,in short,in brief linking words that give an examplefor example,in this/that case for instance,such as linking words that show differences or similaritieslikewise,yet,despite,in spite of Have a try:1.Read the article
11、 on Page 9(Part A),then fill in a chart.Time sequenceCause and effectContrast-ingAdditionOtherDuring the 1970s and 1980s;asThere-fore;as a resultHowever;instead;butmoreoverIn fact;as long as;still2.Read the article on Page 9(Part B),then fill in the blanks.Answers:(1)so (2)first (3)second(4)Third (5
12、)However (6)For one thing3.Rewrite the following sentences with the linking words.1)You should fully prepare before going on a hike.Bring enough drinking water with you.-You should fully prepare before going on a hike.Above all,bring enough drinking water with you.2)People there never plant trees in
13、 spring.They have destroyed a big part of the forest by cutting down trees for commercial use.-People there never plant trees in spring.Moreover,they have destroyed a big part of the forest by cutting down trees for commercial use.3)Leonard applied to the local college because the tuition is cheaper
14、.He would prefer to go to school somewhere closer to home.-Leonard applied to the local college because the tuition is cheaper.Besides,he would prefer to go to school somewhere closer to home.4.Write a passage Living In The City using proper linking words according to the chart below.AdvantagesDisad
15、vantages找工作容易找工作容易生活消费高生活消费高交通便利交通便利人口多人口多,拥挤拥挤有公园、饭店有公园、饭店等休闲场所等休闲场所空气污染、居空气污染、居住环境差住环境差Sample:Living in a city has advantages and disadvantages.First of all,it is easier to find work in a city.Secondly,there are always many choices of public transport.Besides,there are a lot of interesting things
16、to do and places to see.You can eat in good restaurants,visit museums,go to cinemas and go to parts whenever you want to relax.However,living in a city is often very expensive.You must find a well-paid job,otherwise,you will not be able to afford the things you will do.Whats more,the city is always
17、crowded,noisy and dirty.It is very difficult to find a good place where people can enjoy peace and fresh air as in the countryside.1.-Id like to go home now.-Why not stay here for the night?It is so late now._,it is raining so hard.A.Besides B.Therefore C.Instead D.As a resultAPracticePractice 2.I c
18、ant tell you the exact time when I will get there._,Ill be there as early as I can.A.No matter B.Anyhow C.Therefore D.BesidesB3.-When did you first meet Tom?-On May 2,_,the first day I came to this city.A.or rather B.at least C.on the whole D.in a wordA4.He came home after midnight,and _,he was drun
19、k.That made his parents very angry.A.what is more B.on the other hand C.in my opinion D.in another wordA5.I heard Johnson was badly injured in the accident._,lets go and see him.A.Whats moreB.If so C.Where possible D.When necessaryB6.This Englishman is good at writing,reading and is kind to others.A
20、.above all B.first of all C.in all D.after all A7.What he said,has nothing to do with what he did.A.to my surprise B.to my surprised C.to my surprising D.to our surprises A8.his face,the young man must be over 20.A.Judged from B.Judged C.Judging from D.Judging C9.Do you think I should get a good gui
21、debook?Yes,of course._,you also need a good camera and comfortable shoes.A.What s more B.In other wordsC.By the way D.All in allA10.Im afraid Mr.Wood cant see you until 4 oclock.Oh,_ I wont wait.Ano doubt Bafter all Cin that case Din this way C11._ your assistance,he finished the job in only two hou
22、rs.A.Owing toB.Owing C.Owed toD.OwedA12._ his knowledge of the mountainous country,John Smith was appointed as our guide.A.In spite of B.On account of C.Regardless of D.Instead of B13.I thought I was going to fail the exam,but I succeeded _.A.first all B.in all C.at all D.after all D14.The idea of f
23、ish being able to produce electricity strong enough to light a lamp is almost unbelievable,_ several kinds of fish are really able to do this.A.therefore B.and C.then D.but DHomework:1.Write down the composition after class.2.Read the points on Page 8 and finish C1 on Page 100 in Wb.3.Preview the Task part.
