1、Unit 2People on the moveWord power模块十模块十When we talk about a city,what words or expressions do we often use?the cityindustrialtall buildingsexpensiveurbanbusybusiness peopleindustrialbusybusiness peopleurbantall buildingsexpensiveWhen we talk about the country,what words or expressions do we often u
2、se?the countryagriculturalplants and animalspeacefulquietnaturefarmersagriculturalpeacefulfarmersanimals and plantsquietnatureRead the passage in Part A and answer the following questions:1.Why do the people who live on farms and in the countryside begin to move to cities?Because of the process of i
3、ndustrialization.As modern technology enters a country,it spreads from the cities into the surrounding areas.This process is called modernization.2.What is modernization?Words about the country and the city(Part A):1.agriculture 2.cost of living 3.industrialization 4.industrialized5.rural 6.urban农业农
4、业生活成本（费用）生活成本（费用）工业化工业化工业化的工业化的农村的农村的城市的城市的7.urbanization 8.migration pattern9.modernization 10.living standards城市化的城市化的迁移模式迁移模式现代化现代化生活水平生活水平Countryside(rural area)In the past(6)_largecost of living lowNowpopulation smallmostly old people cost of living high(4)_-countries rely on industry rather th
5、an agriculture;urbanization-people living in rural areas,especially young people,move to(5)_areasCity(urban area)Previouslypopulation small cost of living lowerNowpopulation largemostly(1)_people(2)_high(3)._-technology enters a countryyoungcost of livingmodernizationindustrializationurbanpopulation
6、Complete the diagram with words from part ANow,read the article on page 22,and underline the reasons why people move and the effects the moves cause.Vocabulary learningPlaceWhy people move to the placeThe effects caused by the movesThe cityCountries now rely more on industry rather than agriculture;
7、process of industrializationGive young people a chance of living a life they did not think was possible;The living standards and the cost of living are raised;Influence population,migration patterns on regional,national and international levelsThe countryProcess of modernization;do not like this urb
8、anization;retire;spend holidaysBring technology to rural areas;Rural areas are more and more similar to urban areas;The living standards and the cost of living are raised;Influence population,migration patterns on regional,national and international levelsRead the passage in Part B(page 23)andanswer
9、 the following questions:1.What is sociology?Sociology is the study of society and the groups within society such as the family.By studying sociology,we can identify important factors such as education that help make people more successful within a society.2.Why do we study sociology?sociologysociet
10、y socializationprimary socializationSecondary socializationnormsvaluesbehaviourssociological theoriesindividuals社会学社会学社会社会社会化社会化初级社会化初级社会化中级社会化中级社会化规范规范 标准标准价值价值行为行为社会学理论社会学理论个体个体 Words about sociology(Part B):SociologySociology is the study of society and the (1)_of people in groups.(2)Education an
11、d the media are two types of_ socialization.behaviourHelp HuJie complete her notes using words from Part A.secondarySociological theories can help society,including(3)_ and(4)_people the governmentLanguage points1.Hu Jie attended a seminar about how development affects where people live and why they
12、 move.（P22）胡洁参加了一个关于胡洁参加了一个关于发展是如何影响人们居住和为什么人们搬迁的研发展是如何影响人们居住和为什么人们搬迁的研讨会。讨会。1).affectverb T to have an influence on someone or something,or to cause them to change:影响影响；Both buildings were badly affected by the fire.Its a disease which affects mainly older people.I was deeply affected by the film(=
13、It caused strong feelings in me).effect n.the result of a particular influence:影响、效果影响、效果I tried taking tablets for the headache but they didnt have any effect.I think Im suffering from the effects of too little sleep.take effect to produce or achieve the results you want:开开始生效、起作用始生效、起作用They had to
14、 wait ten minutes for the anaesthetic to take effect before they stitched up the cut.2.She realized that there are reasons for moving within a country other than those mentioned in the magazine article.（P22）她）她认为除了书中提到的一些原因以外，还有其他的认为除了书中提到的一些原因以外，还有其他的一些搬迁原因。一些搬迁原因。1).other than 除了；除了；Other than,exc
15、ept,apart from,besides,but 辨析：辨析：1.except和和besides都可作都可作“除除之外之外”但含但含义不同。义不同。except 表示表示“从所提到的人或事物中除去，即从所提到的人或事物中除去，即从整体中除去一部分从整体中除去一部分”，表示递减的概念，含，表示递减的概念，含义是义是besides表示表示“除了除了之外，还有之外，还有”，指，指“在整体中加入一部分在整体中加入一部分”，表示递加的概念，表示递加的概念，含义是肯定的。含义是肯定的。试比较：试比较：We all went except him.除他之外，我们除他之外，我们都去了。都去了。(他没有去他
16、没有去)We all went besides him.除他之外，我们大除他之外，我们大家也都去了。家也都去了。(他也去了他也去了)(1)besides常与常与othermoreelse等词连用等词连用，except常与常与alleveryeveryonenonenobodyeverythingnothing等总括词连用。等总括词连用。eg.He had other people to take care of besides me.All the students in Class One went to the cinema except Li Ping.(2)若句中没有实义动词若句中没有
17、实义动词do的某种形式，的某种形式，except后接动词不定式，而后接动词不定式，而besides后接动词的后接动词的-ing形形式。式。eg.I had no choice except to obeybesides obeying his order.(3)若句中有实义动词若句中有实义动词do的某种形式，二者后的某种形式，二者后面都可以接动词原形。面都可以接动词原形。eg.She has nothing to do exceptbesides go with him.(4)二者后面都可以接从句。二者后面都可以接从句。eg.Besides that he explained the theo
18、ry he gave us some examples.He is a good student except that he sometimes comes late to school.(5)except后面可接后面可接for(构成短语构成短语except for)或其他介词短语，而或其他介词短语，而besides不能。不能。except for主要有三层含义：主要有三层含义：表示对整体主要部分的肯定和对局部表示对整体主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定，起部分修正主要意思的作用。的否定，起部分修正主要意思的作用。eg.Your composition is quite excellent exc
19、ept for several spelling mistakes.表示非同类事物进行比较。表示非同类事物进行比较。eg.The street is empty except for several cars.2）.apart from兼有兼有besides和和except for两种含义，两种含义，后接名词、代词或动名词。后接名词、代词或动名词。3）.but含义与含义与except相同，都表示递减的概念，相同，都表示递减的概念，二者在多数情况下可以互换，但用法稍有区别。二者在多数情况下可以互换，但用法稍有区别。except可以代替可以代替but，但，但but并不一定都可以代替并不一定都可以代
20、替except，如果句中有，如果句中有no、all、nobody、who、where等不定代词或疑问词时，多用等不定代词或疑问词时，多用but；后跟宾；后跟宾语从句时，多用语从句时，多用except。but for含义有时与含义有时与except for相同，但主要表示相同，但主要表示“要不是要不是”，常用于虚拟句，表示一种假设。，常用于虚拟句，表示一种假设。but位置的变化会引起人称代词主、宾格的变化。位置的变化会引起人称代词主、宾格的变化。No one but I(except me)knows it.No one knows it but me(except me).come acros
21、s to find(something or someone)by chance 偶然遇见偶然遇见He came across some old love e up with to suggest or think of(an idea or plan)提出提出Reublinger came up with a great idea for the ad e at to move quickly(someone)to attack them 袭击袭击He came at me with a e by to obtain(something)获得，得到获得，得到A good boss is no
22、t so easy to come by.Id like to know how she came by that black e off(SUCCEED)to happen as planned or to succeed 取得成功取得成功I thought the party came off really e on(HURRY)to move or act quickly or more quickly 表示一种表示一种催促，鼓励催促，鼓励Come on-were going to be late if you dont hurry!come to(BECOME CONSCIOUS)to
23、 become conscious again after an accident or medical operation 苏醒过来苏醒过来She sat by the childs bedside until he came to.to reach(a particular point)达到，提到达到，提到His hair comes down to his shoulders.We havent come to a decision on the matter yet.except for主要有三层含义：主要有三层含义：表示对整体主要部分的肯定和对局部表示对整体主要部分的肯定和对局部的否
24、定，起部分修正主要意思的作用。的否定，起部分修正主要意思的作用。eg.Your composition is quite excellent except for several spelling mistakes.表示非同类事物进行比较。表示非同类事物进行比较。eg.The street is empty except for several cars.1.Surf the internet to get as much information about sociology as possible.2.Complete the notes in Part A on page 112.Homework
