1、Unit 1 Great Scientists-Grammar过去分词作定语和表语 The Past Participle as the Attribute and Predictive动词有五种形态，动词有五种形态，原形原形（Original Form）、）、第三人称单数形式第三人称单数形式（Singular Form in Third Personal）、）、过去式过去式（Past Form）、）、过去分词过去分词（Past Participle）、）、现在分词现在分词（Present Participle）。）。构成构成：1.1.规则规则V+edV+ed 2.2.不规则不规则意义意义：一
2、般说来，过去分词作定语含有：一般说来，过去分词作定语含有“完完成成”或或“被动被动”的双重意义的双重意义 1.1.完成完成意义意义 a retired teachera retired teacher 2.2.被动被动意义意义 a an honored guestn honored guest一位退休的教师一位受尊敬的客人The Past Participle as the AttributeThe Past Participle as the Attribute一颗破碎的心 丧家之犬 已经升起的太阳(1)位置单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面；单个过去分词修饰 someth
3、ing,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,nobody，those 等不定代词时，要放在这些词后面。Nothing(reported)interested him.people addicted to drugsa novel written by Luxunthe advice given to the patientan old man supported by his sona school built for orphans过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词后面。(2)功能过去分词或过去分词短语作定语时，其功能相当于一个定语从句。Th
4、e stolen bike belongs to Jack.The bike which had been stolen belongs to Jack.The lecture given by Professor Zhang is about environment protection.The lecture which was given by Professor Zhang is about the environment protection.(3)表示的时间过去分词作定语时，所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生.The letter posted yesterday will s
5、oon reach him.Have you read the books written by the young writer？They found a damaged car at the gate of the park.I know the people building the house there.(主动、进行主动、进行)The house being built over there is a shop.(被动、正在建被动、正在建)The house built over there is a shop.(被动、已建好被动、已建好)(4)过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：过
6、去分词表示被动或完成；现在分词表示主动或进行。the changing worldthe changed world(正在变化的)(变化了的)boiling waterboiled water(正在沸腾的)(已经沸腾过的)a developing countrya developed country(发展中的)(发达的)falling leavesfallen leaves正在飘落的树叶落叶退休工人a retired worker逃犯an escaped prisoner被盗的汽车a stolen carTranslate the following phrases:The Past Part
7、iciple as the Predictive(1)意义过去分词作表语，无“被动”的意思，只是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。(2)结构(3)过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别1.He looked worried after reading the letter.When we heard of it,we were deeply moved.2.The glass is broken.(表示状态表示状态)The glass was broken by Tom last night.(表示表示动动作作)注：过去分词作表语不要与被动语态混为一谈。注：过去分词作表语不要与
8、被动语态混为一谈。1.1.用作表语的过去分词主要表示一种状态，此时用作表语的过去分词主要表示一种状态，此时相当于一个形容词。相当于一个形容词。2.2.用作被动语态的过去分词，句子的主语是动用作被动语态的过去分词，句子的主语是动作的承受者，后常跟作的承受者，后常跟byby短语。短语。(4)过去分词做表语与现在分词的区别1.The result of the test is disappointing.I feel disappointed in the result of the test.2.The story is very interesting.He is interested in the book.3.What a surprising result!I am surprised at what he said.Exercise 3 page 5 bored amazed disappointingsatisfied dressed organised
