1、知识点知识点1._ adj.快乐的快乐的;欣喜的欣喜的2._ vt.递交递交;呈递呈递(文件等文件等)3._ adj.渴望的渴望的;热切的热切的4._ v.集中集中;聚集聚集5._ vt.更新更新;使现代化使现代化6._ v.获得获得;取得取得;学到学到7._ adv.其间其间;同时同时delightedsubmiteagerconcentrateupdateacquiremeanwhile(一)基本单词8._ vt.指责指责;谴责谴责;控告控告9._ adj.犯罪的犯罪的;有罪的有罪的;内疚的内疚的10._ n.需求需求;要求要求 vt.强烈要求强烈要求11._ vt.出版出版;发行发行;发
2、表发表;公布公布12._ adj.彻底的彻底的;详尽的详尽的13._ adj.精确的精确的;正确的正确的14._ vt.擦亮擦亮;磨光磨光;润色润色15._ vt.加工加工;处理处理 n.过程过程;程序程序;步骤步骤accuseguiltydemandpublishthoroughaccuratepolishprocess16._ vt.帮助帮助;协助协助;援助援助 _ n.帮助帮助;援助援助 _ n.助手助手;助理助理;售货员售货员17._ vt.评估评估;评定评定 _ n.评定评定;评价评价assistassistanceassistantassessassessment(二)派生单词18
3、._ vt.告知告知;通知通知 _ n.信息信息;消息消息19._ adj.年长的年长的;高年级的高年级的;高级的高级的 (反义词反义词)_ adj.青年的青年的;低下的低下的20._ vt.赞成赞成;认可认可;批准批准 _ n.批准批准;认可认可informinformationseniorjuniorapproveapproval1.集中集中;全神贯注于全神贯注于2.依靠依靠;依赖依赖 3.因因指责或控告指责或控告4.为了为了(做做)5.在在前面前面concentrate ondepend onaccuse ofso as to(do sth.)ahead of(三)短语6.对对有敏感的嗅
4、觉有敏感的嗅觉 7.通知某人某事通知某人某事8.记在心里记在心里9.完全误解完全误解;弄错弄错10.最后最后have a good nose forkeep in mindinform sb.of sth.get the wrong end of the sticklast of all1.Never will Zhou Yang(ZY)forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.周阳永远不会忘记他在一家畅销英文周阳永远不会忘记他在一家畅销英文报纸的第一项工作任务。报纸的第一项工作任务。nev
5、er置于句首置于句首,句子用部分倒装。句子用部分倒装。(四)句式2.His discussion with his new boss,Hu Xin(HX),was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.他同新上司胡欣的讨论对他的记者生涯必他同新上司胡欣的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生强烈的影响。将产生强烈的影响。be to do可用于表示注定要发生的动作或可用于表示注定要发生的动作或事物事物,译为译为“注定会注定会,一定会一定会”。3.Only if you ask many different questions will you acqu
6、ire all the information you need to know.只有提很多不同的问题只有提很多不同的问题,你才能收集到你你才能收集到你所需要的信息。所需要的信息。only+状语从句状语从句,可引起局部倒装。可引起局部倒装。1.submit vt.(使使)服从服从;(使使)顺从顺从;提交提交;递交递交;呈递呈递(文件等文件等)(课文原句)Later you can cover a story and submit the article yourself.翻译：以后，你才能独自去进行新闻采访并提交自己的新闻稿。【归纳归纳】submit.to.提交提交,呈递呈递(文件、建议文件、
7、建议)等等 submit oneself to 顺从顺从;屈服屈服;投降投降;不得以接受不得以接受【归纳归纳】be eager to do sth.渴望做某事渴望做某事 be eager for sth.渴望渴望assist vt.帮助帮助;协助协助;援助援助【归纳】assist sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事 assist sb.in/with sth.帮助某人某事 assist sb.in doing sth.帮助某人做某事【拓展拓展】assistance n.帮助帮助;援助援助 give/lend assistance to sb.给某人提供帮助给某人提供帮助 afford/o
8、ffer assistance 提供援助提供援助 come to ones assistance 帮助某人帮助某人 assistant n.助手，助理助手，助理【归纳归纳】acquire sth.得到得到/掌握掌握/获得获得/养成养成 an acquired taste 养成的爱好养成的爱好 acquire强调经过努力或某一过程得到某强调经过努力或某一过程得到某物物,宾语多为知识、技能等抽象的东西宾语多为知识、技能等抽象的东西;也指日积月累渐渐地获得。也指日积月累渐渐地获得。obtain多指获得所需或期望已久的东西。多指获得所需或期望已久的东西。get是一般用语是一般用语,用途很广。可指以任何
9、用途很广。可指以任何方式得到某物方式得到某物,也不一定要经过努力。也不一定要经过努力。acquire/obtain/get5.assess vt.评定评定;评估评估(课文原句)That means you must be able to assess when people are not telling the whole truth and then try to discover it.翻译：那就是说，在人们没有说出全部真相时，你必须能够判断出，并努力发现真理。【归纳归纳】assess sb./sth.评估评估,评定评定(性质、质量性质、质量)assess sth.(at sth.)评算
10、评算,估定估定,核定核定(数量、价值数量、价值)【拓展拓展】assessment n.看法看法;评估评估;评定评定;判定判定【归纳归纳】inform sb.of/about sth.通知某人有关通知某人有关的事情的事情 inform yourself of/about sth.了解了解;熟悉熟悉 inform on sb.告发告发,检举检举7.case n.情况情况;病例病例;案例案例(课文原句)Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stic
11、k?翻译：你有没有过这样的情况：别人控告你的记者，说他的报道失实？【归纳归纳】in any case 无论如何无论如何;不管怎样不管怎样 in case 以防以防;以防万一以防万一 in case of sth.如果如果;假使假使 in that case既然那样既然那样;假使那样的话假使那样的话accuse vt.指责；谴责；控告【归纳】accuse sb.of(doing)sth.控告某人 be accused of 被指责;控告【拓展】the accused 被告accusing adj.谴责的，指责的【辨析】accuse与charge都可作“控告”讲，但charge需与with搭配，即
12、charge sb.with sth.。如：David has been accused of theft.=David has been charged with theft.8.demand vt.强烈要求强烈要求 n.要求要求;需要需要【归纳归纳】in demand 需求大需求大 on demand 一经要求一经要求 demand to do sth.要求做某事要求做某事 demand that.(should)要求要求9.approve vt.赞成赞成;认可认可;批准批准(课文原句)Last of all,the chief editor read it and approved it
13、.翻译：最后主编审读了这篇稿子，并且批准发表了。【归纳归纳】approve sth.通过通过/批准批准 approve of sb./sth.赞同赞同/赞成赞成 【拓展拓展】approval n.批准批准;同意同意;赞成赞成【归纳归纳】concentrate on(doing)sth.专心专心(做做)某事某事 concentrate ones mind/attention on 集中注意力在集中注意力在【拓展拓展】concentration n.专注专注;专心专心;关注关注;重视重视concentrated adj.决心要做的决心要做的;全力以付的全力以付的2.depend on 依赖依赖;依
14、靠依靠(课文原句)Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says.翻译：同时，你还要根据被采访人所说的话准备提出下一个问题。【归纳归纳】depend on sb.to do sth.依靠某人做某事依靠某人做某事 depend on sb.for sth.靠某人供给某物靠某人供给某物 depend on/upon sth.受受.影响影响;由由决定决定;取决于取决于 That depends./It all depends.视情况而定视情况而定3.so as to(do sth.)为
15、了为了(做做)(课文原句)A footballer was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win.翻译：一位足球运动员被指控受贿，故意不进球，好让对方球队赢球。【归纳归纳】so as to是副词性短语是副词性短语,to后接不定式后接不定式,引导引导目的状语。其否定形式为目的状语。其否定形式为so as not to。so as to后接不定式表目的后接不定式表目的,不能置于句首不能置于句首,其逻辑主语为句子的主语其逻辑主语为句子的主语;so.as to
16、不能表示目的不能表示目的,只表示结果只表示结果;in order to后接不定式表目的后接不定式表目的,既可置于句既可置于句首首,也可置于句中也可置于句中,意为意为“以便以便,为了为了”;so that既可引导目的状语从句既可引导目的状语从句,也可引导也可引导结果状语从句。结果状语从句。so as to/soas to/in order to/so that1.His discussion with his new boss,Hu Xin(HX),was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.be to do 结构在本句中译为结构在本句中
17、译为“注定会注定会,一定一定”。be to do结构有多重含义：结构有多重含义：注定要发生注定要发生;预先安排好的计划或约定预先安排好的计划或约定;应该应该;用于条件句中表示用于条件句中表示“想要想要,设想设想”。3.Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.放在句首的状语若由放在句首的状语若由“only+副词副词”、“only+介词词组介词词组”、“only+状语从句状语从句”构成构成,可引起局部倒装可引起局部倒装,即把助动词、情即把助动词、情态
18、动词或系动词态动词或系动词be放在主语之前。放在主语之前。e.g.Only then did I realize the importance of my health.只是在那时我才认识到健康的重要性。Only when the war was over in 1945 was he able to get back to work.只是在1945年战争结束后他才得以回去工作。倒装在英语中，为了强调或者出于语法结构的需要，往往采用倒装语序。倒装一般有两种：一种是将主语和谓语换位，叫做完全倒装；另一种是将谓语的一部分（通常是助动词或情态动词）移至主语之前，叫做部分倒装。如：Into the s
19、hop came two customers.（完全倒装）Seldom have I read an article that was so full of lies.（部分倒装）常见的完全倒装的情况1.当表示地点的介词短语位于句首且主语为名词时。如：Under the tree is sitting a handsome young boy.In front of the playground is a newly-built house.2.当out,in,up,down,off,here,there,now,then等副词位于句首且主语为名词时。如：In came the English
20、 teacher with a book in his hand.Here comes the assistant you want to see.3.在there be结构中。如：There is a man at the bus stop.4.当作表语的形容词、过去分词等位于句首且主语为名词时。如：Present at the party were all world-famous singers.5.在某些表示祝愿的句子中。如：Long live our friendship!常见的部分倒装的情况1.当含有否定意义的副词或连词hardly,never,not,little,seldom,
21、no longer,not only,not until等位于句首时。如：Never before have I seen such a thrilling film.Little did I know that my life was about to change.注意：not only.but also.连接两个并列分句时，如果not only位于句首，则前一分句倒装，后一分句仍然用陈述语序。如：Not only did I know Helen,but also I was her best friend.not until后跟状语从句位于句首时，从句不倒装，后面的主句倒装。如：Not
22、 until her son came back did Mrs.White go to bed last night.2.only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时。如：Only in this way was Jack able to make himself understood.Only then did I know the importance of friendship.Only after she finished the homework did she leave.注意：如果only修饰主语位于句首时，句子不倒装。如：Only a few students can
23、answer this question.3.so,neither,nor引起的句子，表示前面的情况也适用于另一人或物。如：Mrs.Wang has gone abroad,so has her daughter.If you dont attend the meeting,neither/nor will I.4.as引导让步状语从句时，常将表语、状语或谓语提前，构成倒装。此时as可与连词though替换。如：Angry as/though Professor Smith was,he managed to speak calmly.5.if引导虚拟条件句时，可将if省略，同时将were/h
24、ad/should等提至主语前。如：Had Mike got up earlier,he could have caught the bus.根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。1.On the wall _(挂着一幅齐白石的画).2.Only when I got home _(我才意识到发生了什么).3._(尽管我很疲惫),I continued my work.hangs a painting by Qi Baishi did I realize what had happened Tired as/though I was 4._ _(那位顾客不仅抱怨饭菜),he also refuse
25、d to pay for it.5.I havent been to France,_(吉姆也没去过).Not only did the customer complain about the meal neither/nor has Jim 1.Only when Lily walked into the office _ that she had left the contract at home.【天津】A.she realized B.has she realized C.she has realized D.did she realize 句意：只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候，她才意识到
26、她把合同忘家里了。考查only位于句首，引导的时间状语从句，主句要主谓倒装。根据时态和句意可知选D。D2.Only after talking to two students _ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.【湖南】A.I did discover B.did I discover C.I discovered D.discovered 句意：在和两个学生交谈之后 我才意识拥有强烈的动机是达到目标的最大因素。B此题中only作为副词放在句首修饰时间状语after ta
27、lking to two students，所以主句要进行部分倒装。部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，并将其置于主语之前。如何写新闻报道【写作任务】为遏制天山一号冰川加速消融趋势，新疆维吾尔自治区（Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region）将建立保护区域，通过关停矿点、限制车辆通行、停止旅游探险、禁止放牧（grazing）及采挖草药等系列措施，全力保护一号冰川及区域内珍稀野生动植物资源。请根据所给要点，以“Xinjiang reserve to protect threate
28、ned glacier”为题写一篇英语报道，发表在你校英文网站上。注意：1.词数100左右；2.标题已给出，但不计入总词数。【写作指导】这是一篇新闻报道。新闻报道，就是对新近发生的事实的报道，一般包括四个部分：标题、导语、主体、结语。新闻的标题要提炼新闻事件的“精华”，吸引读者阅读，同时要简洁。如果需要，可以在正标题下加上副标题。导语是报道开头的第一段或第一句话，它扼要地揭示出报道的核心内容。主体是报道的主要部分，它用充足的事实表现主题，是对导语内容的进一步展开和阐释。新闻报道的结语一般是最后一句话或者一段话，通常对全文内容作概括性的总结或对新闻事件的发展趋势作出预测。注意：1.客观真实地提供
29、事件发生的事实，而不是观点；2.侧重说明事件的人物、时间、地点、过程及起因；3.导语要概括报道的主要内容，正文补充细节详情。【参考范文】Xinjiang reserve to protect threatened glacier A natural reserve will be set up to protect the shrinking Glacier No.1 in the Tianshan Mountains in northwest Chinas Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.All mining sites will be shut down
30、in the protection area.At the same time,the government will take measures to deal with wild herb digging activities and grazing.Vehicles and tourists are banned from entering the protection zone.The series of moves aims to reduce the impact of human activities on the glacier to the lowest level and
31、better protect the glacier and rare animal and plant resources in the area.I.根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子。1.You must _ (提交你的申请)before January 1st.2.In her later years,Helen _(专心致志 于她的写作).submit your applicationconcentrated on her writing3.I finished the work several days _(早于最后期 限).4.The lawyer _(强 烈要求被告知)every
32、thing.ahead of the deadlinedemanded to be told III.用括号内所给单词的正确顺序完成下面句子。1.Not once _(housewife,did,the,give)the room a thorough cleaning.2.We laugh at jokes,but seldom _(think,do,we)about how they work.did the housewife givedo we think 3.Not until he retired _(he,did,consider)having a holiday abroad.
33、4.I cant ever remember Dad hugging me._(did,neither,I,sit)on his knees.did he considerNeither did I sit5.Only in this house _(I,do,feel)safe and secure.6.Its nice.Never before _(I,had,have)such a special drink!do I feelhave I had阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Normal reporting relies on informat
34、ion mostly or 1._(complete)provided by others such as the police,the government or private companies.Investigative reporting,however,relies on information 2._(find)by the journalist himself and is not just about passing on news 3._ would be available without the need to uncover pletely found that/wh
35、ichIt involves making thorough investigations so as 4._(expose)to the public cases involving crimes,injustice and other problems,whether they involve the government,private companies 5._ individuals,that have been hidden deliberately or 6._ accident because of the confusion of the facts.to exposeor
36、by Work for investigative journalists is tough as they have to be ready to work 7._(usual)hours at any time of the day or night and even during holidays.They also have to travel long distances to do research and interview people and sometimes have to put 8._(they)in danger as covering their story may mean 9._(visit)disaster areas or war zones.unusual themselvesvisiting Because of this investigative reporters need to have passion for their work and believe that 10._ they are doing is for the general good of the public.what
