1、unitl课文及翻译ReadingBe a critical news reader10 July成为有判断力的新闻读者！7月10日Firefighters put out tower block fire消防队员扑灭公寓大火Firefighters quickly put out the Henderson Tower fire last night. The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor; spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, le
2、aving people on the upper floors trapped.Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5, according to figures released by emergency services. Fire engines and ambulances called at 9: 30 p. m, reached the scene within 15 minutes. By this time, the fire had extended to the 15th floor. Firefighters
3、 got the situation under control around 11 p. m. There is concern that the construction company that built the tower block had not followed fire safety rules.消防队员昨晚迅速扑灭了亨德森楼的大火。周日晚上的大火被认为是从9楼开始的，很快延到整座公 寓大楼，把位于高楼层的人们困在了里面。根据应急服务构公布的数据，死亡人数恐将达到12人。21时 30分，消防车和救护车接到报警，于15分钟内抵达现场。至此时，火势己蔓延到16楼。消防队员在23时
4、 左右控制住了火情。有人担心修建公寓大楼的建筑公司没有遵守消防安全规定。11 JulyLocal newsDeadly fire in tower block causes serious damage 7月11日本地新闻公寓发生致命火灾，造成重大损失A terrible fire broke out on Sunday night, leaving the Henderson Tower seriously damaged. Emergency services estimate that the number of deaths could reach 9. By this morning
5、, 4 people have been confirmed dead. The fire has also left dozens of people injured, 5 of whom are in a critical condition.Lisa Mayer, 29, is among the lucky ones who only suffered minor injuries. She recalled, I was about to have a bath when I heard people screaming and dogs barking. I looked outs
6、ide and the smoke was choking me. It was like an awful dream.周日晚上发生了一场严重的火灾，导致德森楼严重受损。应急服务机构估计死亡人数可能达到30人。 至今天早上，己经有9人确认死亡，还有几十人仍处于失踪状态。火灾还造成16人受伤，其中5人伤势严 重。29岁的莉萨梅耶是幸运儿之一，只受了轻伤，她回忆说，“我正要洗澡，突然听到人们的尖叫声和 狗吹声。我看了看外面，烟呛得我喘不过气来。这就像一场噩梦。”Mr Peterson, head of the fire service, confirms that a 10 dropped ci
7、garette end on a carpet of the 8th floor started the fire and that the automatic fire alarms did not go off quickly enough to prevent the disaster. A team is currently investigating the accident further.消防部门的负责人得森先生证实是掉在9楼地上的香烟引发了火灾，而且火灾自动报警器没能及时响 起，以致未能及时阻止灾难的发生。一组人员正在对事故进行进一步调査。Reading news report
8、s critically 批判性地阅读新闻报道We rely on news to learn about what is happening in the world around us.However, we usually find that reports on the same events contain different or even contradictory information, How do these differences come about?我们依靠新闻来了解周围的世界正在发生的事情。然而，我们通常发现，对于同一事件的报道包含着 不同的，甚至是相互矛盾的信息
9、。这些差异是如何产生的呢？It is advisable to remember that journalists may have different priorities, which 5 would influence how they report an event. Lets take the two news reports on theHenderson Tower Fire as an example. We can see that the first news report pays more attention to the rescue efforts, while t
10、he second talks more about deaths and injuries. When we read more than one report, we come to understand an event in a more comprehensive way.最好要记住，新闻报道是由记者写的，他们可能关注的重点不同，并选择就自己的重点写一篇报道。 让我们以亨德森火灾的两篇新闻报道为例。我们可以看到，第一篇新闻报道更多地关注救援工作，而第二 篇新闻报道更多地谈论伤亡人数。当我们阅读多篇报道时，我们就会更全面地了解一个事件。Even if news reports are
11、written from basically the same perspective, they may contradict each other in terms of factual details, as events in the real world are usually complicated and constantly changing. For instance, the numbers of deaths differ in the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire. When we come across su
12、ch factual differences, we should not rush to the conclusion that one of 15 the news reports gives false information. Instead, check when the reports were written. News reports written at different stages of an event could contain different information as new facts are brought to light. Another aspe
13、ct worthy of mention is that journalists may approach information they get from research or interviews differently. Suppose emergency services estimates of the number of deaths vary 20 between 5 and 9. Journalists may choose to present the minimum, the maximum or something in between in their news r
14、eports. Therefore, checking different sources enables us to draw a more informed conclusion.即使新闻报道的撰写视角基本一致，它们也可能在事实细节上相互矛盾，因为现实世界中的事件通常 是复杂且不断变化的。例如，关于亨德森楼火灾的两篇新闻报道中，死亡人数是不同的当你发现这些事 实的差异时，不要急于下结论，认为其中一篇新闻报道给出了错误的信息。相反，要去实报道撰写的时间。 随着新的事实不断被披露，在同一事件的不同阶段撰写的新闻报道可能色含不同的信息。另一个値得一提 的方面是，记者可能会以不同的方式处理从研究或
15、釆访中得到的数据。假设应急服务机构对死亡人数的估 计在12人至30人之间。记者在新闻报道中可能选择呈现最小值、最大值或任何介于两者之间的数值。因 此，阅读不同来源的新闻报道能使我们得出更明智的结论。To sum up, it is wise to read news reports written from various perspectives and at different stages, which brings us a more accurate understanding of a situation 25 We also need to be critical about t
16、he information we receive and remember not to blindly trust what we have read. Though journalists are committed to presenting the truth, it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports.With great discrimination, every one of us has the potential to be a critical news reader.
17、总的来说，不妨阅读从不同角度撰写的新闻报道，以及事件不同阶段的报道，这会让我们更准确地把 握情况。我们也需要对接收到的信息持批判态度，并记住不要官目相信我们读到的东西。尽管记者致力于 在他们的报道中呈现真相，我们最好还是运用自己的判断力，而非完全依赖单一的新闻来源。只要具备强 大的辨别力，我们每一个人都有潜力成为有判断力的新闻读。Extended readingRead the magazine article about advertisingAdvertising； the power of persuasion广告:说服的力量In just one day, a person can s
18、ee hundreds of marketing messages. Advertising has become part of modern life. But what is advertising exactly? In short, it refers to the activity of promoting a product or service. In other words, it tries to persuade people to buy a product or service.在仅仅一天之内，一个人可以看到数百条营销信息。广告己经成为我们现代生活的一部分。但广告到
19、底是什么？简而言之，广告指推销一种产品或服务的活动。換言之，它（广告）试图说服你去购买一种产品或 服务。The history of advertising has always been closely linked with that of the mass media From the ancient simple advertisements painted on outdoor signs to the colourful, interactive ones in smartphone apps, advertising and the mass media have develop
20、ed hand in hand. As media channels have grown in number and type, so have advertisements.广告的历史一直与大众传媒的历史紧密相连。从最初报纸上简单的黑白广告到智能手机应用程序上多 彩的互动广告，大众传媒和广告携手发展。正如体道的数量和类型不断增长一样，广告也是如此。Because the mass media reaches so many people, it is a perfect vehicle for advertisers. If an advertisement is placed on a
21、popular website or on TV at peak times, a huge number of people will know about the product or service it is advertising. In addition to making people aware of a product or service, a successful advertisement will also create a desire to buyz thus boosting business, That is why 15 when a company wan
22、ts to promote a product or service, it often launches a mass media advertising campaign.大众传媒受众很广，因此成为广告商的完美体。如果在一个热门网站或电视节目的黄金时段投放一则 广告，数百万人都会知晓它所宣传的产品或服务。除了让人们了解产品或服务，一则成功的广告也会激发 人们的购买欲，从而促进业务增长。那就是一家公司如果想要推广一种产品或服务，就经常会发起一场大 众传广告活动的原因。Based on the psychology behind creating a desire to buyz advert
23、isers have developed ways of persuading people into purchasing their products or services. A common technique to make an impact is to create a memorable slogan. Slogans use simple 20 but impressive language to make us remember the product or service being advertised. Some of these slogans may also a
24、ppeal to our emotions. For example, a slogan may connect a fine china teapot it aims to promote with our pride in having good taste. You will hear a variety of slogans any time you watch TV. Think about your favourite one. What makes it special? And what message does it try to get across? A slogan w
25、hich communicates an idea effectively can boost sales and even become part of popular culture. That is the power of memorable slogans.基于激发购买欲背后的心理，广告商开发了说服人们购买其产品或服务的方式。一种常见的富有冲击 力的手法是创造一条令人难的广告词广告词用语简单，但今人印象深刻，能让我们记住所宣传的产品或 服务。其中一些广告词可能也会引起我们的情感共例如，一条广告词可能会把想要推的一个精美的陶茶 和我们引以为做的良好品味联系起来。每当你打开电视，你都会听
26、到各种各样的广告词。想想你最喜欢的 那一条。它有什么特别之处?它想要传达什么信息?一条能有效地传达思想的广告词可以增加销售量，甚至 成为流行文化的部分。那就是今人难忘的广告词的力量。Another technique advertisers often employ is to link their company or product to abrand ambassador-a famous actor, a sports star, or even a fictional character. Think of a popular fast-food restaurant. Does i
27、t have a brand ambassador? Is the 30 brand ambassador popular among potential customers? The more we like the brand ambassador, the more we will be attracted to buy the product.一部分广告商经常使用的另一种手法是将他们的公司成产品与一个“品牌大使”联系起来-一位著名 的演员、体育明星甚至是一个虚构的人物。想想一家受欢的快餐店。它有品牌大使吗?品牌大使应在潜在客 户中享有知名度。我们越喜欢这位品牌大使，就越会被吸引去购买这
28、个产品。Of course, some advertisements are not so obvious: product placement is typically used in films with huge box-office success and TV shows with high ratings. Some films are now sponsored by leading brands, so that only their products appear in the films, like the watches worn by the title charact
29、er in the James Bond films. Other types of mass media use product placement too, including video games. It is not uncommon for sports video game series to feature different in-game equipment with real brand names, We absorb these marketing messages without thin king about them too much, yet they wil
30、l probably have an effect on us the next time we go shopping.当然，有些广告并不是那么明显。例如，植入广告常用于高收视率的电影和电视节目。现在有些电影 由知名品牌赞助，所以只有他们的产品出现在电影中，比如簷姆斯邦德电影中主角戴的手表。其他类型的 大众媒也使用植入广告，包括电子游戏。在体育类电子游戏系列中，给不同游戏备贴上真实品牌标签是很 常见的。我们不假恶就接收了这些营信息，而这些信息有可能对我们下次购物产生影响。In the past, advertising was all about reaching as many peopl
31、e as possible with the same message. Now, advertising is becoming more digital and more personalized. Already we may see online advertisements for products or services we have previously searched for on the Internet, and we are very likely to receive special discounts and promotions targeted specifi
32、cally at us. In the future, advertising will be even more about understanding individual customers and sending them advertisements that are tailored to specific needs. Not only will this make them feel more valued and enable them to see what they are most interested in, but it will also help compani
33、es target their customers more efficiently to have a positive effect on sales.过去，广告是以同样的信息打动尽可能多的人。现在，广告正变得越来越数字化和个性化。如果我们以 前在网上搜索过某个产品，我们现在就可能看到这个产品的在线广告，还很可能会收到专门针对我们的特 殊折扣和促销活动未来，广告甚至会更多地了解个人客户，并根据其特位定需求推送广告。这不仅会让 他们感觉更受重视，让他们能看到自己最感兴趣的东西，也会帮助公司有效地定位客户，以对销售产生积 极的影响。Unit 2ReadingThe Olympic Games奥
34、林匹克运动会Every four years, thousands of highly trained and talented athletes gather together in the spirit of friendship, solidarity and fair playz ready to test their abilities against each other in the hope of being recognized as the best of the best. This is the Olympics 一 an extraordinary sporting
35、event that was first celebrated about 3,000 years ago.每隔四年，成千上万训练有素、极具天赋的运动员承着友谊、团结和公平争的奥林匹克精神 聚集在一起，准备挑战彼此的能力，希望成为世界公认的精英中的精英。这就是奥林匹克运动 会项非凡的体育赛事，首次举办于大约3, 000年前。Subheading 1The ancient Olympic Games began in the year 776 BCE. During the early Games, only Greek men were allowed to participate. They
36、 competed in such events as boxing, running and the long jump. The ancient Olympic Games were held at Olympia in Greece every four years for almost 12 centuries, until they eventually died out around the year 393.首届古代奥林匹克运动会于公元前77年举办。在早期的运会上，只有希腊男子才被允许参加 比赛。他们参加的比赛项目有拳击、赛跑和跳远等。古代林匹克运动会每四年在希腊的奥林匹 亚举行
37、一次，持续了近12个世纪，直到393年左右才最终停止举办。More than 1,500 years later, however, the Games rose again. The modern Olympics were first held in 1896, in Athens. It was a Frenchman, Pierre de Coubertin, who brought the Olympics back to life. His dream was that the Olympics would help people of different racial origi
38、ns and from different cultures live side by side in peace. For over a century, people from diverse backgrounds have made joint efforts to help realize Coubertin* s dream.Motivated by the Olympic motto “Faster, Higher; Strongern , many well-known athletes, both male and female, have devoted themselve
39、s to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement.但是1, 500多年后，奥运会再次兴起。首届现代奥运会于1896年在雅典举行。是一位叫皮 块尔德顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重现生机。他的梦想是奥运会能够帮助不同种族、不同文化 的人们和平共处。一个多世纪以来，来自不同背景的人们共同努力，帮助实现顾拜旦的梦想。 他们当中有许多著名的运动员，有男有女。在奥林匹克口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下， 他们力争取得体育运动上的杰出成就并不断突破人类成就的极限。Subheading 2One su
40、ch Olympian was the boxer Cassius Clay. He came to public attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics, when he won the light-heavyweight gold medal for the USA, demonstrati ng great talent and personality in the process. Afterwards, this young man proceeded to become the world heavyweight champion in 19
41、64, and later changed his name to the one we all know Muhammad Ali. He returned to the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games to light the Olympic flame at the opening ceremony. By the time he died in 2016z Ali had been recognized as one of the greatest boxers of all time.奥林匹克运动会上的知名运动员拳击手卡修新-克莱就是这样一位奥运选手。他在196
42、0年罗 马奥运会上引起了人们的关注，当时他为美国赢得了轻重量级拳击金牌，并在比赛过程中展现 了过人的天赋和优秀的品性。之后，这个年轻人接着在1964年赢得了世界重量级拳击锦标赛 冠军，后来改名为我们熟知的那个名字一穆军默德阿里。他重返1996年亚特兰大奥运会， 在开幕式上点燃奥运圣火。到2016年去世时，阿里一直被公认为有史以来最伟大的拳击手之OAnother sportsperson that should be applauded is Jessica Ennis-Hill. Her story is a remarkable example of how hard work and de
43、votion can lead to sporting excellence. A former track and field athlete from the UK, she won an Olympic gold medal in her home country in 2012. As if that were not enough, she returned to the Olympics and won a silver medal in 2016, just two years after giving birth to her first child. In an interv
44、iew she revealed that the secret of her consistent good performance was the training that she never missed.另一位值得称赞的运动员是杰西卡思尼斯-希尔。她的故事很好地例证了在一项运动中努力和 投入可以让你出类拔萃。她曾是英国的田径运动员，并于2012年在祖国赢得了一枚奥运会金 牌。似乎这还不够，她仅在生完一个孩子两年后的2016年，就重返奥运会，并获得了银牌。 在一次采访中，她透露始终保持好的表现的秘诀是她从未停止训练。Subheading 3The 2008 Beijing Olympi
45、cs called on the whole world to join in the Olympic spirit and build a better future for humanity with the slogan One World, One Dreamw . In addition to hosting the Olympics for the first time, China also ranked first in the medal table. This success is truly remarkable if you consider that just 24
46、yearsbefore, at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics, Xu Haifeng won our country s first-ever gold medal. Since then the upward trend for Chinese sport has been unstoppable. At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, Liu Xiang became the first Asian to win the gold medal in the men s 110-metre hurdles, while at the
47、 2016 Rio Olympic Games, the Chinese women * s volleyball team won a hard-fought victory in the final. The year 2022 will be another historic moment for China, as Beijing won the election to host the Winter Olympics.2008年北京运会的官方口号是“同一个世界，同一个梦想，号召全世界一起弘扬奥林匹克精 神，为人类建设更美好的未来。这是中国首次举办奥运会，也是首次登顶奖牌榜。想想24年
48、 前的1984年洛杉奥运会，许海峰为中国赢得了第一枚金牌，那么这种成功就显得非同寻常了。 从那以后，中国体育的上升趋势就一直势不可挡。在2004年雅典奥运会上，刘翔成为第一个 获得男子110米跨栏的亚洲人，而在2016年里约热内卢运会上，中国女子球队在决赛中赢得 了一场艰苦的胜利。北京当选2022年冬季奥运会主办城市，于是2022年对中国来说将是另一 个历史性的时刻。The Olympic Games bring joy and excitement to people across the world. As Coubertin believed, “With the Olympic Gam
49、es, each generation celebrates its advent, its joy of living, its faith in the future, its ambition and its will to ascend.奥林匹克运动会给全世界人民带来欢乐和兴奋。正如顾拜旦所说:“有了奥林匹克运动会，每一 代人都在庆祝它的到来，庆祝它给生活带来的喜悦，庆祝它对未来的信念，庆祝它的雄心壮志 和它向上的意志。Extended readingSports idoms体育习语Every language has its idioms, which are groups of words with meanings different from the meanings of the individual words. Idioms make language more colourful and expressive.
