1、Discovering Useful StructuresUnit 4 Guessing Game1.It is something that we use to write.2.It is a ball which is round and boys like to play it on the playground.3.It is an institution where children are educated.4.He is a Chinese writer who won the Nobel Price of Literature.5.He is an 85-year-old me
2、dical expert whom we all respect.penfootballschoolMo YanZhong Nanshan先行词先行词+引导词引导词Relative Clauses 定语从句关系代词关系代词指代指代充当成分充当成分thatthat人或物人或物主（宾）（表）主（宾）（表）whichwhich物物主（宾）主（宾）whowho人人主（宾）主（宾）whomwhom人人宾宾whosewhose人或物人或物定语定语Textbook P110 Restrictive Relative ClausesFind out the relative clauses from the
3、text on P50.1.There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.(Para 1)2.Eleven kilometers directly below the city,one of the most deadly earthquakes of 20th century had begun,a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometers away in Beijing.(Para 2)3.Two thirds of the people who lived
4、there were dead or injured.(Para 2)4.The number of the people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.(Para 2)5.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.(Para 4)Analyze the Relative Clauses.1.There were deep cracks that appeared in the well wall
5、s.(Para 1)=There were deep cracks.The deep cracks appeared in the well walls.2.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.(Para 4)=Workers built shelters for survivors.The survivors homes had been destroyed.Find out the attributive clauses in the pictures.Some special cases
6、一、关系代词一、关系代词that和和which都代指事物，在很多情况下可以都代指事物，在很多情况下可以互换，但下列情况互换，但下列情况只用只用that。All _ can be done has been done.Do you have anything _ you dont understand?There is little _ can be believed about it.The book doesnt say much _ amuses children.that thatthat that先行词是先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything,somet
7、hing,much,little,none等等不定代词，引导词只用不定代词，引导词只用that。Hamburg is the most beautiful city _Ive ever seen.This is the best TV _ is made in China.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.thatthatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导词只用先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导词只用that。Ive read all the books _ you lent me.N
8、o sample _ we nave received is satisfactory.Please send us any information _ you have about the subject.He is the only person _ was present at the time.that that that that先行词被先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时，修饰时，引导词只用引导词只用that。Ive read all the books _ you lent me.No sample
9、 _ we nave received is satisfactory.Please send us any information _ you have about the subject.He is the only person _ was present at the time.The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.A victim is a person,animal or thing _ suffers pain,dea
10、th,harm,etc.thatthat先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导词只用先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导词只用that.Who _ you have ever seen can do it better?Who _ you are talking to is the young fellow?that thatWho做先行词时，引导词只用做先行词时，引导词只用that。二、不能用二、不能用that的情况的情况He made the same mistakes again,_ made his parents very angry.Yesterday I bought a dictionary
11、,_ cost me more than 100 yuan.Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again.My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for along time.whichwhichwhowhom在非限制性定语从句（有逗号分开）中，引导词不能用在非限制性定语从句（有逗号分开）中，引导词不能用thatHer bag,in _ she put all her money,has been stolen.This is the ring on _ she s
12、pent 1000 dollars.Xiao Wang,with _ I went to the concert,enjoy it very much.whichwhichwhom在在介词介词后面，引导词不能用后面，引导词不能用that,只能用只能用which（代指事物），（代指事物），或用或用whom（代指人）。（代指人）。I live in a house _ windows face the sea.=I live in a house.The windows of the house face the sea.=I live in a house,the windows _ _ fac
13、e the sea.She is my friend whose father is a famous star.=She is my friend,the father_ _ is a famous star.whoseof whichof whomof which/whom1.Do you like the book _ _e spent$10?2.Do you like the book _ _he paid$10?3.Do you like the book _ _she learned a lot?4.Do you like the book _ _she often talks?5
14、.He built a telescope _ he could study the skies.6.There is a tall tree outside,_ _ stands our teacher.7.China has a lot of rivers,the second longest _ _ is the Yellow River.8.The tower _ _people can have a good view is on the hill.9.The man _ _spoke on the phone is good at writing.10.He paid the bo
15、y$10 for washing ten windows,most _ _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.on whichfor whichfrom whichabout whichthrough whichunder whichof whichfrom whichto whomof which 在定语从句中，在定语从句中，介词介词+引导词引导词的使用的使用 The committee consists of 20 members,5 of _ are women.The book contains 50 poems,most of _ was
16、written in 1930s.There are two left,one of _ is almost finished,and the other of _ is not.I have a sentence,the meaning of _ I dont understand.whomwhichwhichwhichwhich名词名词/代词代词/数词数词+of+which/whom1.SSL is the school _I study.2.I will never forget the days _I studied in SSL.3.I can tell you many reaso
17、ns _I like my school.地点状语（在某地）时间状语（在某时）原因状语（为了某原因）1.SSL is the school _ _ I study.=SSL is the school.I study in the school.2.I will never forget the days_ _I studied in SSL.=I will never forget the days.I studied in SSL during the days.3.I can tell you many reasons _ _ I like my school.=I can tell y
18、ou many reasons.I like my school for the reasons.1.SSL is a big school _ is very beautiful.=SSL is a big school.The school is very beautiful.2.I will never forget the days _ I spent in SSL.=I will never forget the days.I spent the days in SSL.3.The reason _ he gave us was unbelievable.=He gave us th
19、e reason.The reason was unbelievable.that/whichthat/which that/which引导词用that/which1.Now you are in a situation _ no one can help you.2.We have reached a point _ a change is needed.3.There are the cases _ you can ask the police for help.4.You put me in a position _ I cant do anything for myself.5.This is really a special occasion _ you should wear uniforms.6.I often remember the horrible scene in the movie _ a person was eaten by a tiger.wherewherewherewherewherewhere引导词用whereTHANKS
