1、(1)This is an interesting book.()定语定语(2)The woman sitting by the window is our maths teacher.()定语定语(3)Seeing the bird,the bear suddenly stood up.()状语状语(4)I saw the man walking on the street yesterday.()宾补宾补(5)Playing football is his favorite sport.()主语主语(6)I didnt stop working last night.()(7)My wor
2、k is teaching English.()宾语宾语表语表语 动词动词-ing是动词是动词非谓语非谓语形式中的一种形式中的一种,单独使用时单独使用时,能在句中做能在句中做除除 _ 之外的任之外的任何其他句子成分。如何其他句子成分。如:主语、宾语、表语、主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补等。定语、状语、宾补等。谓语谓语Looking carefully at the ground,I made myway to the edge of the crater.Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already,I didnt
3、 take much notice.Looking carefully at the ground,I Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already,I The ing form is used as an adverbial.The construction having+p.p.is used to refer to an action that took place beforethe time that expressed bythe main verbThe ing form can be used as a
4、n adverbial in a sentence to give information about _,_,_,_,etc.It rained heavily,causing severe flooding in the area.resultsBeing tired,I stopped to take a rest.Having been written in haste,the book has some faults.reasonsWalking along the street,I met Mary.Having finished my work,I went home.time
5、I stood there,waiting for her.The boy was left there,crying.accompanyingcondition1.Having written the letter,John went to the post office.2.Seeing the beautiful sight,the children felt excited.V-ingdoinghaving done 表动作表动作有先有后有先有后表动作表动作同时发生同时发生1._ him the answer several times,I didnt know if he could
6、 understand.2._ the answer several times,he still couldnt solve the question.Having toldHaving been toldhaving done主句主语主句主语为动作的为动作的发出者发出者。主句主语主句主语为动作的为动作的承受者承受者。having been done3._(咬咬)by the snake once,she feels frightened when _ _(看到蛇看到蛇).2._(听到这个消息听到这个消息),we got excited.1._(刷完牙刷完牙),Mr.Brown came d
7、ownstairs for breakfast.Having brushed his teethHearing the newsHaving been bittenseeing分词短语做状语时分词短语做状语时,前前面可以加上连词面可以加上连词,如如 if,unless,when,while,once,though,etc.a snakearrive,give,spend,take and buy.1 _ the wrong bus,Martin found himself in an unfamiliar district.Having taken2 _ her opinion about p
8、rotecting the environment,she left the meeting.Having given3 _ the precious necklace,she had no money left.Having bought4 _ all day at home writing,the novelist went out for a walk in the evening.Having spent5 _ early for his date,Mark spent time reading the newspaper.Having arrived1.When she woke u
9、p in the middle of the night she saw her room was as light as day._ in the middle of the night,shesaw her room was as light as day.Waking up2.After we had stopped the car,we found ourselves trapped in thick fog and couldnt see clearly ahead._ the car,we found ourselves trapped in thick fog and could
10、nt see clearly ahead.Having stopped3.Because I had spent all night reading the documents,I was very tired the next day._ all night reading the documents,I was very tired the next day.Having spent4.As the child had never seen a rainbow before,he was very excited._ a rainbow before,he was very excited
11、.Having never seenSometimes adverbial clauses introduced by when,after,as,because and so on can be replaced by the ing form.1.Sometimes working outdoors,sometimes in an office,sometimes using scientific equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists,I am never bored.()the adverbial2.I was
12、 appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory(HVO)twenty years ago.()the attribute3.My job is collecting information for a database about Mount Kilauea.()the predictive4.Having collected and evaluated the information,I help other scientists to predict where lava from the
13、 volcano will flow next and how fast.()the adverbial5.When boiling rock erupts from a volcano and crashes back to earth,it causes less damage than you might imagine.()the attribute6.Having worked hard all day,I went to bed early.()7.I was fast asleep when suddenly my bed began shaking ()and I heard
14、a strange sound,like a railway train passing my window.()the adverbialthe objectthe object complement8.Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already,I didnt take much notice.()9.There had been an eruption from the side of the mountain and red hot lava was fountaining hundreds of metre
15、s into the air.()the adverbialthe predicates10.Having earlier collected special clothes from the observatory,we put them on before we went any closer.()11.Having studied volcanoes now for many years,I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.()the adverbialthe
16、 adverbialAn eyewitness account of a murder at Flat 3,Southampton Gardens,London _(arrive)at the party,I found all my friends were already there.The dancing was just beginning._(stand),I saw some of my friends _(chat)at a table.So I went over to join them.ArrivingStandingchattingAll this while I had
17、 not seen my hostess._(take)a drink,I felt uncomfortable and got a headache.A maid took me upstairs to rest.It was about 10 pm._(rest)for a while,I felt better and went to the balcony to have some fresh air.Having takenHaving restedIt was at that moment that I realized something was wrong._(hear)a scream,I rushed downstairs only to see my hostess _(lie)unconscious on the floor,surrounded by her guests.She was shot.Hearing lying
