1、Unit 4 Natural disastersReading for Writing:Write a summary Look at the picture and title,infer the type of the text and predict what the text might be about.PredictionIt is a news report.It might be about the big damage the tsunami caused.TsunamiWhat is“tsunami”?The great waves“tsunami”is a series
2、of traveling ocean waves of extremely long length generated by earthquakes occurring blow or near the ocean,submarine landslides and eruptions.NoImage 新闻报道属于应用文体裁；包含六要素：人物who,事件what,时间when,地点 where,原因why,过程how。一般分为四个部分：标题、导语、主体、结语What is a news report?structureHeadlineleadbodyconclusionwhenwherewhow
3、hatwhyPara.1Para.2Para.3detailslead headlinebodysummary explanation/summary details and more information What main points can we know according to the title?where,what event,effectRead the leadWhat main points are mentioned in the lead?How do you know?(underline the information and circle the key ve
4、rbs.)The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday,killing more than 6500 people in Indonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,and at least four other countries.causeeventwheneffectwhereThe Daily News by Rober Wood house Monday,27 Decemb
5、er 2004 Paragraph 1The most powerful earth-quake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday,killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,and at least four other countries.Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,and cars were swept away by
6、huge waves caused by the strong carthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0.The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a.m,Sunday off the west coast of Indonesias Sumatra Island.In that area alone,at least 1,870 people were killed.过去40年来最强烈的地震引发的海啸昨天袭击了亚洲的海岸线，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚和至少四个其他国家的6500多人死亡。渔民、游客、酒店、
7、住宅和汽车都被9.0级强烈地震引起的巨浪卷走了。这场海底地震发生在周日早上7点左右，印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛的西海岸。仅在那个地区，至少有1870人死亡。Main idea:Time,place,event On 27 December 2004 a tsunami killed 6,500 people in Southeast Asia.TimeEventPlaceDetailsParagraph 2In Sri Lanka,some 1,600 kilometres west of the quake centre,the number of deaths stood at 2,498,an
8、d one million more were affected by the tsunami,government officials said.Indian officials said as many as 1,900 had been killed along the southern coast.Another 254 were found dead in Thailand and 54 in three other countries.In southern Thailand,1,900 people were hurt and many more were missing,loc
9、al officials said.I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.We had to leave everything and run to safety,said Chandra Theravit,a local Thai woman.政府官员说，在距离地震中心以西约1600公里的斯里兰卡，死亡人数为2498人，另有100万人受到海啸的影响。印度官员表示，南部海岸已有多达1900人丧生。另有254人在泰国被发现死亡，54人在其他三个国家被发现死亡。当地官员说，在
10、泰国南部，1900人受伤，更多人失踪。“我正在和我的三个孩子吃早餐，这时家里开始进水。我们不得不放下一切，跑到安全的地方，”当地的泰国妇女钱德拉塞拉维特说。Main idea:damage：the missing and dead Thousands of people are missing and dead.Details:telling the number of people missing and dead Paragraph 3Thousands of people are still missing,and the number of deaths is expected to
11、grow even higher over the next few days.Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countries.However,dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.成千上万的人仍然失踪，死亡人数预计在未来几天还会增加。正在为海啸受灾国家组织国际救援。然而，危险的条件和受损的道路将使运送食物和供应品变得困难。Main idea:damage and effect
12、Tousands of people are missing and the number of deaths is expected to grow.The damage caused by the tsunami makes it difficult for rescoue workers to provide aid.Read the summary of the news report and check the main points it includeMain points in a news report The tsunami caused over 6500 people
13、deaths and caused great damage to buildings,cars and roads.On 26 December,2004,The tsunami was caused by a powerful earthquake.In Indonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,and at least four other countries.Foreign aid is organized,but supplies are difficult to deliver because of the damaged roads.1 When did
14、 the tsunami happen?2 What caused the tsunami?3 Why would it be difficult to deliver food and supplies?It happened around 7:00 am Sunday,26 December 2004.A very powerful earthquake of 9.0-magnitude which happened under the sea off the west coast of Sumatra Island in Indonesia.Because dangerous condi
15、tions and damaged roads would make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.Summary:eventdateeffectplacefollowing eventsrescue workread the summary of the news report&check the main points it includedSummary 概要是一篇较长文章本质思想的简洁重述，它要求用尽量少的语言对原文的主旨进行复述。概要不是简单的换句话说，更不是评论，而是作者思想中最基本部分的准确再现。考试说明中规定概要写作阅卷时按
16、5个档次给分，其中最高档次第五档(21-25 points)的评分标准是：1.理解准确，涵盖全部要点；2.能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇；3.完全使用自己的语言；4.有效使用了语句间的连接成分，使完成的概要结构紧凑。写作方法:1.定位查找核心信息通过阅读定位语篇的核心信息，包括核心单词，核心短语和核心句子。(句子为主，以单词和短语为辅)2.改写用自己的语言改写信息在核心信息的基础上进行语言表达形式的改写，对原文的语言表达形式尽可能实现大规模的改变。改写过程中，原则上字数不超过原句，不改变原文的逻辑结构，充分考虑语句压缩。3.核查添加关联词，检查句子的连贯性核查句子的连贯性。核查标点、语法、连接
17、词及字数，优先考虑使用较短的连接词，如：but，then，later等。write a summary for the text on page 50.Step I.Read the text and write a list of the main details.Strange things happened in the countryside before the earthquake;An earthquake hit _ China on 28 July 1976;_ _ _Writing a summaryTangshanThe number of people who were
18、 killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000;Nearly everything in the city was destroyed;Soldiers and medical workers came to help the people who had great loss and to try and find survivors;With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the citys people,a new Tan
19、gshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.Organise the ideas and draft your summary.Sample Writing For several days,strange things occurred in the countryside of northeastern Hebei.Then,on 28 July 1976,an earthquake hit Tangshan city.The city was greatly affected and nearly destroyed.Many people wer
20、e killed or injured.The rescue work began soon after the quakes.Soldiers and medical workers arrived to find survivors and help the people who had lost everything.With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the people,a new Tangshan was built.Step IV.Exchange drafts.Use the c
21、hecklist to give feedback on your partners draft and further polish your work.Does the summary give you a clear idea of what the text is about?Does the summary include only the most important information of the text?Is the summary the proper length?Are there any spelling or punctuation error?Does the writer use correct tenses?
