1、Unit 4复习一、单词拼写一、单词拼写 1._ n.气候气候2._ n.生物学家生物学家3._ n.万有引力；重力万有引力；重力4._ n.链子；连锁；锁链链子；连锁；锁链5._ n.卫星；人造卫星卫星；人造卫星satellite satellite climateclimatebiologistbiologistgravitygravitychainchain6._ n.球体；地球仪；地球球体；地球仪；地球7._ n.大气层；气氛大气层；气氛8._ v.乘；增加乘；增加9._ v.碰撞；坠落碰撞；坠落10._ vt.&n.拉拉(力力)；拖；牵；拖；牵pull pull globeglobe
2、atmosphereatmospheremultiplymultiplycrashcrash11._ v.(使使)浮动浮动 n.漂浮物漂浮物12._ adj.温和的；文雅的温和的；文雅的13._ adv.因此；于是因此；于是14._ n.原子原子15._ n.氧氧oxygenoxygenfloatfloatgentlegentlethusthusatomatom1._ n.系统系统;体系体系;制度制度 _ adj.系统的系统的;有系统的有系统的 _ adv.系统地系统地;有系统地有系统地systematicallysystemsystematic(al)二、单词拓展二、单词拓展 (A)单词派生
3、单词派生2._ n.谜谜;难题难题 v.(使使)迷惑迷惑 _ adj.困惑的困惑的 _ adj.令人困惑的令人困惑的3._ vi.存在；生存存在；生存 _ adj.存在的；生存的存在的；生存的 _ n.存在；生存存在；生存existenceexistencepuzzlepuzzlepuzzledpuzzledpuzzlingpuzzlingexistexistexistentexistent4._ n.暴力暴力;猛烈猛烈 _ adj.暴力的暴力的;猛烈的猛烈的 _ adv.粗暴地粗暴地;猛烈地猛烈地5._ n.基础基础 _ adj.基本的基本的;基础的基础的 _ adv.根本地根本地;从根本上
4、从根本上fundamentallyfundamentallyviolenceviolenceviolentviolentviolentlyviolentlyfoundation/fundamentfoundation/fundamentfundamentalfundamental6._ n.&vt.伤害；损害伤害；损害 _ adj.有害的有害的 _ adj.无害的无害的harmharmharmfulharmfulharmlessharmless1.Playing computer games for a long time is very_(harm)to our health.1.作表语用形
5、容词作表语用形容词,be harmful to 对对有害。有害。2.Their untrue comments _(violence)hurt the feeling of Chinese people.(B)灵活运用灵活运用harmfulharmfulviolentlyviolently作状语用副词作状语用副词3.His answer to the question sounds _(puzzle)and we are all _(puzzle)a lot.3.位于系动词后作表语用形容词位于系动词后作表语用形容词,前前者表示者表示“令人困惑的令人困惑的”,后者表示后者表示“感到困惑的感到困惑
6、的”。puzzlingpuzzlingpuzzledpuzzled4.As far as I am concerned,strong will,diligence,and devotion as well as perseverance are four _(fundament)factors contributing to success.5.Few people understand that the _(exist)of rare animals is closely related to our life.作从句的主语作从句的主语 fundamentalfundamental exis
7、tenceexistence作定语用形容词作定语用形容词1._下蛋下蛋2._挡住挡住(光钱光钱)3._感到高兴感到高兴;感到振奋感到振奋4._突发突发;爆发爆发三、短语翻译三、短语翻译break out break out lay eggslay eggsblock outblock outcheer upcheer up5._密切注视密切注视;当心当心;提防提防6._阻止阻止;制止制止7._产生产生;分娩分娩8._及时及时in time in time watch out(for)watch out(for)prevent.fromprevent.fromgive birth togive
8、birth to9._轮到某人；接着轮到某人；接着10._既然既然11._依靠依靠12._结果结果as a resultas a resultin onein ones turns turnnow thatnow thatdepend ondepend on原句原句:They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.恐龙也会下蛋恐龙也会下蛋,而且在地球上存活了而且在地球上存活了超过超过1.4亿年亿年。(B3 P26)1.exist vi.存在存在,生存生存,生活生活,继续存在继续存在例句例句:
9、This kind of rare animals existed 20,000 years ago.这种珍稀动物两万年前这种珍稀动物两万年前就存在了就存在了。exist in 存在于存在于中中exist on=live on 靠靠生活生活exist as 作为作为而存在而存在,We cant exist without water.That means our _ (exist)depends on water.运用运用 The little boy cannot exist _ the money he is earning.Matter can exist _ a solid,liqui
10、d or gas.ononasas existenceexistence原句原句:How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve.生命是如何起源的这个问题是科学家生命是如何起源的这个问题是科学家很难解答的最大困惑之一。很难解答的最大困惑之一。(B3 P27)2.puzzle n.谜谜;难题难题v.(使使)迷惑迷惑;(使使)为难为难例句例句:How he passed the exam is still a puzzle to us.他如何通过考试的对我们来说他如何
11、通过考试的对我们来说还是一个谜。还是一个谜。be puzzled by被被迷惑迷惑be a puzzle to sb.对某人来说对某人来说是个谜是个谜/困惑困惑be/feel puzzled about 对对感到困惑感到困惑运用运用 填入一个恰当的词或完成句子。填入一个恰当的词或完成句子。Your explanation was really a puzzle _ me.His recent behavior_(使我困惑使我困惑).toto puzzles me 原句原句:They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,
12、which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.他们把过多的二氧他们把过多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中化碳释放到大气层中,这使得地球上的热这使得地球上的热不能释放到太空中去。不能释放到太空中去。(B3 P26)3.prevent/stop/keep.from 阻止阻止/防防止止做做/发生发生提示提示:在主动语态的句子中在主动语态的句子中,stop和和 prevent后的后的from可省略可省略,但但keep后的后的from不能省略不能省略;在被动语态中在被动语态中,此三个短语中的此三个短语中的from 均不可均不可省略。省略。
13、比较比较:protect.from.保护保护不受不受例句例句:The farmer built a wall to prevent his chickens from running out.那个农民那个农民建了围墙来防止鸡跑出去。建了围墙来防止鸡跑出去。运用运用 根据汉语提示完成句子根据汉语提示完成句子。上涨的河水使我们过不了河上涨的河水使我们过不了河。The rising water _ _.人们采取行动来防止了环境的恶化人们采取行动来防止了环境的恶化。People took measures _ _.prevented us fromcrossing the riverto preven
14、t theenvironment from getting worse原句原句:Walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.重力改变了重力改变了,看来走路也的确需要练一练了看来走路也的确需要练一练了。(B3 P31)4.now that 由于由于;既然既然例句例句:Now that you are a student,you must obey school rules.既然你是学生既然你是学生,你你必须遵守学校的规则必须遵守学校的规则。运用运用 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。根据汉语意思完成英文句子。既然大家都
15、来了既然大家都来了,我们就开会吧我们就开会吧。_,lets begin our meeting.既然已完成了工作既然已完成了工作,你就应该好好休息你就应该好好休息。You ought to have a good rest _ _.Now that/Since everybody is heresince/nowthat/as you have finished the work例句例句:The man in time caught the bag falling from upstairs.那个人及时那个人及时接住了从楼上掉下来的包。接住了从楼上掉下来的包。5.in time 及时及时(=e
16、arly or soon enough)原句原句:They were followed in time by land animals 陆栖动物及时来到陆地。陆栖动物及时来到陆地。(B3 P26)提示提示:in time与与on time不同不同,on time意为意为“按时按时,准时准时”是就时是就时间表来办事。间表来办事。in time 是就另一是就另一件事来办事。件事来办事。运用运用 填入一个恰当的词。填入一个恰当的词。When our guests arrive at our home,we should serve tea _ time.With many subjects to c
17、oncentrate on,I failed to finish homework _ time.ononinin原句原句:We watched,amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth gravity increased.因为地球引力增加因为地球引力增加,所以当宇宙飞船外所以当宇宙飞船外边察出火花时我们看呆了。边察出火花时我们看呆了。(B3 P31)6.break out(火灾火灾/战争战争/地震等地震等)爆发爆发;发生发生例句例句:The teacher stayed at home when
18、 the big fire broke out in the tall building.当那场当那场高楼大火发生时高楼大火发生时,那个老师正那个老师正呆在家里。呆在家里。联想联想 含含break的常用短语还有：的常用短语还有：break into 破门而入破门而入break up(组织组织,公司等公司等)解散解散 break away from脱离脱离运用运用 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。根据汉语意思完成英文句子。昨天晚上昨天晚上,两个小偷破门而入小李两个小偷破门而入小李家家,并偷走了一块手表。并偷走了一块手表。Last night,two thieves _ Xiao Lis home an
19、d stole a watch.broke into broke into 当地震发生时当地震发生时,大家都在睡觉大家都在睡觉。When the earthquake _,everyone was sleeping in bed.ABA 乐队去年解散了乐队去年解散了,这是我们没有料这是我们没有料想到的想到的。Band ABA _ last year,which was beyond our expectation.broke outbroke up原句原句:It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to th
20、e development of life.水对于生命的发展水对于生命的发展会起关键作用会起关键作用,这一点在当时并不明显。这一点在当时并不明显。(B3 P26)1.It is obvious that.显然显然(=)例句例句:It was obvious that he had been late for school again.很明显他又迟到了。很明显他又迟到了。短语短语:be fundamental to 对对是必要是必要的的;对对是根本的是根本的同义同义:obviously/apparently,/It is quite clear that.仿写仿写 根据汉语意思根据汉语意思,完成
21、英文句子。完成英文句子。很显然他没有成功。很显然他没有成功。It is obvious that he hasnt been successful 显然断电了。显然断电了。It is obvious that electricity has been cut off.很明显你的学生昨天没有说实话。很明显你的学生昨天没有说实话。_ _ yesterday.It was obvious that your It was obvious that your student didnstudent didnt tell you the t tell you the truthtruth原句原句 Thi
22、s produced a chain reaction,which made it possible for life to develop.这就产生了一系列的反应这就产生了一系列的反应,使使得生命就有可能开始发展了。得生命就有可能开始发展了。(B3 P26)2.make it+adj.+for sb.to do使某人使某人做某事做某事例句例句:The present situation makes it difficult for us to accomplish the task on time.目前的情况使我们很难按时目前的情况使我们很难按时完成任务。完成任务。说明说明:it是形式宾语是
23、形式宾语,后面的后面的to do才是才是真正的宾语。真正的宾语。仿写仿写:根据汉语意思根据汉语意思,完成英文句子。完成英文句子。因特网使我们有可能用很短的时间因特网使我们有可能用很短的时间获知世界上发生的所有的事。获知世界上发生的所有的事。The Internet has _ _what happens around the world in much less time.made it possible made it possiblefor us to get to knowfor us to get to know 这本字典使我学习英语容易多了。这本字典使我学习英语容易多了。The di
24、ctionary _ _ English.这座桥使我们很方便过河。这座桥使我们很方便过河。The bridge _ _ the river.makes it muchmakes it mucheasier for me to learneasier for me to learnmade it quite convenientmade it quite convenientfor us to crossfor us to cross原句原句:When we get closer to the moon,we shall feel its gravity pulling us,but it wi
25、ll not be as strong a pull as the earths.当我们更接近月球时当我们更接近月球时,就会感就会感到月球的引力在拉我们。但是到月球的引力在拉我们。但是,月球的月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。引力不像地球的引力那么大。(B3 P31)3.not be/be not as.as.不如不如/不像不像仿写仿写:根据汉语意思根据汉语意思,完成英文句子完成英文句子。这棵树没有我爷爷这棵树没有我爷爷50年前种的那棵树高年前种的那棵树高。This tree is _ _例句例句:Your composition is not as interesting as mine.你的
26、作文不如我的你的作文不如我的作文有趣作文有趣。not as tall as the onethat my grandfather planted 50years ago.这本书没有你写的那本难这本书没有你写的那本难。This book _.根据调查根据调查,大部分女生不像男生一样对大部分女生不像男生一样对篮球感兴趣篮球感兴趣。According to the survey,most girls _ _ is not as difficult as the one that you wrotenot as interested in basketball as boys are.are原句原句:
27、Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved 生命在地球上是否延续数百万年生命在地球上是否延续数百万年将取决于这个问题能否解决。将取决于这个问题能否解决。(B3 P26)4.whether.depend on whether.某某事是否发生取决于是否事是否发生取决于是否仿写仿写 根据汉语意思根据汉语意思,完成英文句子。完成英文句子。我们下周是否进行考试取决于我们是否我们下周是否进行考试取决于我们是否按时
28、完成了任务。按时完成了任务。_depends on whether we will finish the task on time.例句例句:Whether we will have a picnic depends on whether it is fine tomorrow.我们明天是否我们明天是否进行野炊取决于明天是否天晴。进行野炊取决于明天是否天晴。Whether we will have an examination Whether we will have an examination 我是否嫁给他取决于他是否爱我。我是否嫁给他取决于他是否爱我。_ depends on wheth
29、er he loves me.地球变暖是否加剧取决于我们的活动是地球变暖是否加剧取决于我们的活动是否产生更多的二氧化碳。否产生更多的二氧化碳。Whether the global warming will become more serious _ _Whether I will marry himdepends on whetherour activities will produce more carbon dioxide.原句原句:As a result of this,many scientists believe the earth may become too hot to liv
30、e on.许多科许多科学家相信这些活动的结果使得地学家相信这些活动的结果使得地球变得太热而不能居住。球变得太热而不能居住。(B3 P26)5.too.to 太太而不能而不能例句例句:The room is too dark to have a meeting in.房间太暗了而开不了会。房间太暗了而开不了会。说明说明:例句中的主语例句中的主语the room为为have a meeting in 的逻辑宾语的逻辑宾语,所以介词所以介词in 不能省略。不能省略。他太不诚实而不能交朋友他太不诚实而不能交朋友。He is _.仿写仿写 这本书太难了我看不懂这本书太难了我看不懂。This book i
31、s _ for me.这把刀太锋利而不能用来玩这把刀太锋利而不能用来玩。This knife is _.too difficult to understandtoo difficult to understandtoo sharp to play withtoo sharp to play with too dishonest to make friends withtoo dishonest to make friends with1.上个星期天上个星期天,我家附近的一座大楼我家附近的一座大楼发发生生了一场大火灾了一场大火灾。1.Last Sunday,a big fire broke ou
32、t in a building near my home.2.楼梯到处是烟雾楼梯到处是烟雾,这使人们很难逃生这使人们很难逃生。2.The stair was full of smoke,which made it difficult for people to escape.3.一个正要一个正要生生孩子的妇女被困在孩子的妇女被困在10楼。楼。3.A woman who was about to give birth was trapped on the 10th floor.4.一个太老了而不能走的生物学家在一个太老了而不能走的生物学家在向人们求助。向人们求助。4.A biologist wh
33、o was too old to walk was turning to people for help.5.幸好消防员幸好消防员及时及时赶到并尽最大的努力营赶到并尽最大的努力营救处于险境的人们。救处于险境的人们。Luckily,the firemen arrived in time and tried their best to save the people in danger.6.依靠他们专业的知识依靠他们专业的知识,消防员很快就消防员很快就阻阻止止了火势的蔓延。了火势的蔓延。Depending on their professional knowledge,the firemen qu
34、ickly prevented the fire from spreading.7.很明显他们没办法救出所有的人。很明显他们没办法救出所有的人。It was obvious that they had no way to save all people.8.从这个故事从这个故事,我们知道我们能否杜绝火我们知道我们能否杜绝火灾取决于我们是否有安全意识。灾取决于我们是否有安全意识。From the story,we know that whether we can stop fire disasters depends on whether we have a sense of safety.合并
35、：合并：Last Sunday,a big fire broke out in a building near my home and soon the stair was full of smoke,which made it difficult for people to escape.A woman who was about to give birth was trapped on the 10th floor and a biologist who was too old to walk was turning to people for help.Luckily,the firem
36、en arrived in time and tried their best to save the people in danger.Depending on their professional knowledge,the firemen quickly prevented the fire from spreading but it was obvious that they had no way to save all people.From the story,we know that whether we can stop fire disasters depends on wh
37、ether we have a sense of safety.课文概要课文概要 After the“Big Bang”,the universe gradually formed.Later the earth appeared,producing atmosphere and water,which made it possible for life to develop on the earth.In ancient times,many people believed the earth was a flat disc.Well over 2,000 years ago;the anc
38、ient Greek philosophers were able to put forward two good arguments 16 _(prove)that it was not.Direct observations of heavenly bodies were the basis of both these 17 _(argue).16.现在分词短语作定语。现在分词短语作定语。17.名词作宾语名词作宾语,由由these可知是复数。可知是复数。provingarguments一、语法填空一、语法填空 First,the Greeks knew that during eclips
39、es(月食月食)of the moon the earth was 18 _ the sun and the moon,and they 19 _(see)that during these eclipses,the earths shadow on the moon was always round,they realized that this could be true only 20 _ the earth was spherical(球形的球形的).18.根据后面的根据后面的and可知。可知。19.由上下文可知用一般过去时。由上下文可知用一般过去时。20.根据前后句的条件关系可知根据
40、前后句的条件关系可知,if引导条件从句。引导条件从句。betweensawif If the earth was a flat disc,then 21 _ shadow during eclipses would not be a prefect circle;it would be stretched out 22 _ a long ellipse(椭圆椭圆).The second argument was based on 23 _ the Greeks saw during their travels.21.指代前面的指代前面的the earth的。的。22.介词介词into这里意为这
41、里意为“变成为变成为”。23.引导宾语从句引导宾语从句,作从句的宾语。作从句的宾语。itsits intointowhatwhatThey noticed that the North Star appeared lower in 24 _ sky when they traveled south,in the more northerly regions,the North Star appeared to be much 25 _(high)in the sky.24.固定词组。固定词组。the sky天空。天空。25.根据句意及前面的根据句意及前面的much可知用比较级。可知用比较级。h
42、igherhigher thethe二、完形填空二、完形填空 I 1 for a while,and then I said,“Ill explain,if you can just wait until we make a quick 2 at the grocery store.I have something interesting to show you.”1.A.stoppedB.talked C.stood D.thought1.D 根据后面的根据后面的and then I said，说明作者想，说明作者想(thought)了一会儿才回答。了一会儿才回答。2.A.stop B.st
43、art C.turn D.stay 2.A 根据常识，要买东西肯定要停车。注意：根据常识，要买东西肯定要停车。注意：make a stay“逗留逗留”，不合语境。，不合语境。At the 3 ,we bought some apples red,green and yellow ones.Back home,I told Adam,“Its time to 4 your question.”3.A.store B.market C.office D.entranceA 由上段的由上段的at the grocery store可知。与可知。与store是原词复是原词复现。现。4.A.check
44、B.mention C.answer D.improve 4.C 根据第一句中的根据第一句中的“Are all people the same?”及及空后的宾语可知。空后的宾语可知。I put one apple of each 5 on the table.Then I looked at Adam,who had a 6 look on his face.5.A.size B.type C.shape D.class 5.B 从前面的从前面的some apples red,green and yellow ones可推出。可推出。6.A.worriedB.satisfied C.proud
45、D.curious 6.D 根据语境，此时作者的孩子应该是感到好奇根据语境，此时作者的孩子应该是感到好奇(curious)。On the outside,some of the apples may not even look as 7 as the others.”As I was talking,Adam was 8 each one carefully.7.A.pretty B.delicious C.crisp D.round7.B 根据常识，根据常识，apple是用来吃的，再由关键词是用来吃的，再由关键词even可可以推出。以推出。8.A.examiningB.testing C.e
46、ating D.touching8.A 根据根据Adam,who had a 6 look on his face可知，可知，孩子因为好奇，在检查孩子因为好奇，在检查(examine)每个苹果。其他选项每个苹果。其他选项不合语境。不合语境。Then,I took each of the apples and peeled(削皮削皮)them,placing them back on the 9 ,but in a different place.“Okay,Adam,tell me which is which.”9.A.desk B.plate C.bench D.tableD 由前面的由前
47、面的I put one apple of each 5 on the table可知。与可知。与table是原词复现。是原词复现。He said,“I cant tell.They all look the same now.”“Take a 10 of each one.See if that helps you 11 which one is which.”10.A.bit B.bite C.chance D.riskB 此题可根据搭配或者下面的此题可根据搭配或者下面的He took big bites。take a bite“咬一口咬一口”。与。与bite是原词复现。是原词复现。11.A
48、.admitB.consider C.decideD.believe 11.C 由上句由上句Take a 10 of each one顺理可推出这里填顺理可推出这里填decide。He took big bites,and then a huge 12 came across his face.“People are just like apples!They are all 13 ,but once you 14 off the outside,theyre pretty much the same on the inside.”12.A.laugh B.anger C.look D.smi
49、le12.D 根据语境根据语境,此时的孩子自然是此时的孩子自然是smile了了(laugh根本根本不合语境不合语境,何况此时孩子嘴里含着苹果呢何况此时孩子嘴里含着苹果呢)。13.A.ordinaryB.normal C.differentD.regular C 由前面的由前面的They come in different colors,shapes and sizes可知。与可知。与different是原词复现。是原词复现。They are all 13,but once you 14 off the outside,theyre pretty much the same on the ins
50、ide.”He 15 got it.I didnt need to say or do anything else.14.A.shut B.take C.called D.cut B 根据句意及搭配可知。根据句意及搭配可知。take off“脱掉；拿掉脱掉；拿掉”。15.A.totally B.hardly C.nearly D.gradually15.A 由上文孩子的话可知，孩子此时已全由上文孩子的话可知，孩子此时已全(totally)明白明白了。了。gradually不合语境。不合语境。【助读词汇助读词汇】grocery杂货店杂货店 阅读理解首先是对文章中心思想的理阅读理解首先是对文章中心
