1、第一部分 导论 从句的种类繁多。 根据对各类试卷进行综合分析， 不外乎由三大类组成： 一 是名词性从句， 包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、介词宾语从句、以及同位语 从句；二是定语从句， 包括限制性定语从句、非限制性定语从句、割裂式定语从句、搭配式定语从句；三是状语从 句，包括时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、条 件状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句以及伴随情况状语从句。 一、名词性从句 (一)主语从句 1. It has been pointed out _ their suggestions are reasonable to a cer
2、tain dear A. whether B. that C. what D. why 选 B. that 作引导词,引出主语从句,it 形式主语. 2._ get rid of the force of friction is still a hard nut to us. A. How can we B. How we can C. Why should we D. Why we should 选 B.表示“我们该如何克服这种摩擦力仍然是个棘手的问题. 3._ men have learned much from heavier of animals is not new at all.
3、A. What B. That C. Which D. Whether 选 B,句中的 much 是宾语,所以不能选 A 4. How did it come about _ you made a lot of mistakes in your home wonk? A. whether B. what C. why D. that 选 D,这里 it 是形式主语,that 引导的是主主从句. 5. _you were arguing about last night has been settled. A. That B. Which C. It D. What 选 D, what 引导主语
4、从句;同时,在从句中作 about 的宾语. (二) 表语从句 1. The reason for his success is _he worked harder than you. A. because B. for C. why D. that 选 D, that 引导表语从句. 2. The most valid argument for retaining the research unit is_ so many advances have been made in such a short time. A. what B. that C. whether D. as 选 B, t
5、hat 引导表语从句 3. The crucial question is _ it is expensive or not. A. what B. that C. how D. whether 选 D. whether. or not 是固定用法. 4. Things are not always_ they seem to be for appearances are often deceiving. A. that B. why C. what D. whether 选 C, what 在从句中作表语. (三) 宾语从句 1. I cant remember_ drawer he kee
6、ps his money in. A. whose B. which C. that D. how B. 表示“哪只抽屉“ 2. Its very important to make it clear _ agriculture is the foundation of the national economy. A. whether B. that C. what D. why 选 B, it 是形式宾语,that 引导的是宾语从句. 3. I told him_ he should do next. A. whether B. that C. what D. why 选 C,表示“他接下来
7、该做什么“ 4. Im wondering _ the bridge you mentioned just now is still under the construct ton. A. what B. that C. whether D. which 选 C.表示“我不知道你刚才提及的那座桥是否还未竣工. 5. I do not know_ he came to disturb you at your work. A. that B. what C. whether D. why 选 D,表示“我不知道他为什么来干扰你的工作. (四) 介词宾语从句 1. Natural gas can b
8、e transported by pipelines to_ it is needed. A. where B. how C. that D. anywhere 选 A.表示“运往需要的地方“. 2. Because of air resistance, there is a limit to_ fast an object falls. A. why B. when C. that D. how 选 D,表示“无论物体下落有多快都受到制约“ 3. A wise and experienced administrator will assign a job to _ is qualified.
9、 A. no matter who B. whoever C. whomever D. who 选 B,表示“把工作分给任何一个够格的人“.A 只能引导让步状语从句. 4. In marine biology a great debate continues about _ dolphins have an actual language or not. A. whether B. that C. if D. which 选 A. that 引导的名词性从句,作的宾语,有人把 in that 看成复合连词,表示“在于“ 5. Bill differs from his brother Jack
10、 in _ he is always the first to get up. A. that B. what C. why D. whether 选 A. that 引导的名词性从句.用 in 的宾语.有人把 in that 看成复合连词. 6. No one is sure_ damage the cosmic rays can do to a human being, but scientists feel that brief exposure is probably not very harmful. A. that B. what C. whether D. which 选 B.
11、is sure of 表示.of 跟宾语从句时被省略. (五) 同位语从句 1. The main difficulty lies in the fact _ we have nobody properly qualified for this work. A. which B. that C. as D. / 选 B.句中 the fact 可以省略,变成介词宾语从句 2. The news _he will take over his fathers business does not surprise us at all. A. which B. what C. that D. why
12、选 C. that 引导的是同位语从句,因为 the news 一旦省略,句子也成立.名词从句就是新闻的具 体内容. 3.The order soon came _ all the soldiers should get ready for the night attack from the enemy. A. how B. why C. which D. that 选 D. that 在从句中不担任任何句子万分,被 soon came 割裂开来, 4. A group of Japanese land developers came to the conclusion _there was
13、nowhere to go but down in Tokyo. A. that B. which C. how D. why 选 A. that 人句与 the conclusion 同位. 二 定语从句 (一) 限制性定主从句 1. Experienced clerks may move to deponents _ more knowledge is required. A. where B. which C. when D. while 选 A. department 表示“部门“,指地方. 2. I will never forget the ten years _ we both
14、spent in the little village. A. which B. when C. what D. that 选 A. years 不是指“时间“而是“10 年所经历的风风雨雨“ 3.All _ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life. A. what is needed B. which is needed C. that is needed D. who needs 选 C. that 被用来修饰 all, much, none, anything, something, nothing 等词. 4. T
15、he video industry is developing so rapidly that almost anything _ is recanted will be out of date. A. that B. which C. as D. what 选 A,这是一种固定用法,同上. 5. I hope that the little_ I have been able to do does good to them all. A. that B. what C. which D. as 选 A.在抽象名词后面一般用 that 引导定语从句,表示“我所能做的那点事对他们有益“ 6. O
16、ne of the problems to be solved is that strain _ a person is subjected to when a spaceship leaves the ground. A. where B. that C. which D. as 选 C.可以把 to which .这里 which 指 strain. (二) 非限制性定语从句. 1. A container weighs more after air is put in, _ proves that air has weight. A. as B. which C. that D. thu
17、s 选限制性定主从句不能用 that ,前面加逗号.表示“这证实了空气肯有重量. 2. To make up an objective test, the teacher writes a series of questions, _ has only one correct answer. A. some of which B. each of which C. which D. that 选 B.因为从然的动词是单数. 3. A force can be shown by a straight fine,_ length represents the magnitude of the fo
18、rce. A. what B. that C. which D. whose 选 C 表示“直线的长度. 4.Jack wrote six novels, three of _ were popular in China. A. those B. them C. that D. which 选 D .which 指 6 本小说. 5. He stayed with us last summer vacation, _ he helped us with our work. A. during which time B. during the time which C. which during
19、 the time D. which time during 选 A. which 指 summer vacation 状语翻译成“期间“ 6. We went to the industrial exhibition, _ we saw a great many new-type machines. A. which B. that C. where D. what 选 C. where 相当于 at which. 7. _ is known to all, laser also finds wide application in surgery. A. It B. Which C. Tha
20、t D. As 选 D. as is known to all 是一种固定用法.表示“众所周各“ (三) 割裂式定语从句 1. In 1898 the Curies declared that they believed there was something in nature _gave not radiation. A. as B. where C. that D. which 选 C,定语从句修饰 something,而不是 nature 2. With the advancement of technology, computers have come into the market
21、 _ pale of doing very complicated calculations at leapt speed. A. that they are B. that is C. where they are D. which are 选 D,定语从句修饰 computers,而不是 market 3. Nothing should be done in a hums_ can be done slowly. A. weir B. that C. where D. which 选 B 定语从句修饰 nothing 而不是 hurry 4. The very successes of p
22、hysics and chemistry make biology preset the key problems of the whole of natural science, _ more cordoned efforts. A. which call for B. which calls for C. that call for D. what calls for 选 A 定语从句修饰 problems ,而不是 science 四 搭配定语从句 1. He answered with the same simplicity _ he asked. A. that B. which C
23、. as D. after 选 C the same as 是个固定搭配.表示“他回答得像提问一样的简单. 2. Old equipment had not only such large components _vacuum tubes, but also the wires which jointed the parts together. A. as B. that C. which D. what 选 A. such, as 也是一个固定的搭配 表示“像真空管一样的大型元器件. 3. _ is shown in his paper, materials expand and orate
24、 with the immense and de crease of temperature. A. That B. Which C. As D. After 选 C 如果放在主句之后,用 which;而放在前面则用 as.这是一种固定的搭配. 4. Air moves from _the pressure is high to where the pressure is low. A. where B. what C. that D. which 选 A 前后注意搭配. where 引导名词从句. 三 状语从句. (-) 时间状语从句 1. I had scarcely left the h
25、ouse_ it began to min. A. than B. when C. before D. after 选 B. scarcely, when 与 no sooner, than, hardly, when 相同,表示“.“ 2. _he retires, Professor Baker will have taught English in our university for almost forty years. A. By the time B. As soon as C. The moment D. The second time 选 A.表示“到.时候“.这类复合连词.
26、 除了 4 个选项外,还有 the instant ,every time 等等. 3. We all consider it necessary that the instrument must be adjusted _ it is used. A. when B. the moment C. each time D. as 选 C.表示“每次使用时“ 4. _ we are speaking of power, time is of cause taken into account. A. When B. As C. While D. Each it 选 A. when 引导的时间状语可
27、以发生在主然动作之前,也可以之后.as 表示“随着.而“ while 表示一边一边“而 each time 表示“每当,每次“ 这类连词还 whenever 表示“无论何时“.since 表示“自从以来“,after 表示“在之后“before 表示“在之前“.until 与 before 词义相同,而 not until 则与 after 相近。还有 directly 表示“一 。 。 。就。 。 。 ”与 as soon as 相同。 5. _the whole society cares more about teachers and gives them more respect, w
28、ill more people enter the field. A. Not until B. Only when C. But for D. In the absence of 选 B 引导时间状语从句的连词不仅繁多，还可以用加以强调，主谓要部分 倒装，表示：吸 有当整个社会都师重教，才会有更多的人来干这一行。 （二） 地点状语从句 1. Strangely enough, a white smoke will form _the gases meet with each other. A. when B. where C. while D. as 选 B 表示“不管这面三刀种气体在何处相
29、遇，均会产生一股白烟。 ”如果选 A。则表 示“当两种气体相遇时” ，看似不错，其实 when 不能表示瞬间动作。 2. We may accordingly conclude that transistors will be used _ efficient amplification ion is required. A. whenever B. whatever C. wherever D. whoever 选 C 表示“用在需要有效功率放大的地方 3. No matter _ our party needs us, we should respond to her call at an
30、y time. A. whether B. what C. where D. how 选 C 4 个选项均可与 no matter 连用。本句应表示“无论党需要我们去哪里” 4. In those old days people took shelter _ they found it, and even a cave was good for them. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wherever 选 D 表示“无论他们何处找到避难所。 ” 5. Im going to do what I like and go _ I like. A.
31、where B. wherever C. no matter where D. to which 选 A 与平行，具有名词性从句的双重作用。表示“去我喜欢去的地方” （三） 原因状语从句 1. In times of economies crisis,_ jobs are hard to find, many people cannot keep their position long. A. as B. because C. while D. if 选 B A 和 B 均可引导原因状语从句。但是 because 具有很强的因果关系。 as 还不及 since 引导的原因状语从句 2. _ h
32、eat and work are conveyable, the most important thing to know about any device is its efficiency. A. While B. Because C. Since D. If 选 C，很明显主从句不具有逻辑关系。since 表示“既然” 3. _ you live next door to Mr. Robert, you ought to be able to recognize them. A. Assuming that B. On condition that C. For fear that D.
33、 Seeing that 选 D，seeing that 表示“由于，因为“ 这类词还有 now that, in that 等等。而 acting that 表 示“假定”, on condition that 表示“如果条件是”for fear that 表示“生怕，为了防止 4. the shop assistant rejected his complaints _ such sales were no threat to business es. A. assuming that B. supposed that C. on the ground that D. on conditi
34、on that 选 C，on the ground that 指“幅在为”表示“由于这类销售方式对公司没有威胁 5. Popular newspapers differ from quality newspapers_ they am less tiring to read. A. for that B. in which C. in that D. for which 选 C 表示”在于他们具有一定的趣味性。 （四） 结果状语从句 1. The expense of color television is likely to be _ not enough people will be ab
35、le to afford it. A. so that B. such that C. such as D. just as 选 B such that 引导结果状语从句 such 作表语 2. Prices continued to rise while wages remained low,_ the government became in- creakingly unpopular. A. on condition that B. on the ground that C. with the result that D. with the purpose that 选 C 表示“结果政
36、府变得越来越不受欢迎。 3. Some supplies of water are seriously treated _ they can be used. A. so that B. such that C. so D. that 选 A 表示“以便可以饮用” 。结果选 D 则引导目的状语，表示“为了能饮用这些水” 。试比 较: Man does art live that he may eat , but eats that he may live .(生存不是为了吃饭，吃饭则是 为了生存) 4. So fast does the electric current pass throug
37、h conductors _ it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. A. that B. so C. so that D. such that 选 A 把 so 放在句首，强调 fast, that 是由 so 决定的 5. His car is in _poor condition that it can hardly nm any more. A. such B. such a C. so D. too 选 B such 与 so 不同，它后面还跟有名词;即 such + a /an + adj . + n . +that (五) 目的状
38、语从句 1. Influenced by the earthen, they all evacuated the building_ the wall should collapse. A. lest B. that C. unless D. though 选 A 表示“以免大墙倒塌“ 2. You must knock down the machines before shipping _ they will arrive in good shape. A. in enter that B. for fear that C. in spite that D. for reasons that
39、 选 A in order that 表示“为了，目的在于“ 3. He jotted his telephone number down_ he should forget it. A. for fear that B. in order that C. in spite that D. for reason that 选 A for fear that 表示“惟恐，免得“。全句可译成“为了不忘记，他把他的电话号码记下来 “ 4. Be quiet_ you should wake the baby when you go pastime. A. in order that B. in sp
40、ite that C. in case D. in that 选 C in caps 与 lest 相同，从句动词是 should+ 动词原形。表示“免得你将孩子闹 醒 5. People wear unify to _ others may know their position or rank in the army. A. in that B. in order that C. in spite that D. in case 选 B 表示为了命名辊人能够知道他们在军队里的地位与军衔。 （六） 条件状语从句 1. The environment of Shanghai will he m
41、ore seriously polluted_ effective measures are taken to prevent fearless from sending out poisonous gases and waste water. A. if B. once C. unless D. provided 选 C 4 个选项均可引导条件状语从句 介只有 C 具有否定意义 表示“如果不采取有效措施。 2 _We have the means applicable enough, nobody would ho unwilling to make the attempt. A. Gran
42、ted that B. In that C. In order that D. In spite that 选 A granted that 与 granting that 相同：这灯词还有 supposed, supposing that, provided, providing that, assuming that, 表示“假定，设想，以及假如：等。 3. The doctor told his patient that he would soon recover from illness _ he strictly follow his instructions. A. on cond
43、ition that B. with the result that C. on the ground that D. with the p ,repose that 选 A 与 in the event that, in as much as 等相同。表示“只要他严格遵照他的话去做”句中 he 的后面省略 should 4. We can surely overcome these difficulties in front of us _ we are closely united. A. in that B. in order that C. so far as D. as long a
44、s 选 D 表示我们只要紧密团结 5. _ you cant keep our promise as planned, please let me know as early as possi ble. A. In case B. In order that C. In the event that D. In spite tempt 选 C 表示“如果你不能如期履约的话” （七） 比较状语从句 1. Because of the approaching storm, the wind began to blow ham and the sky became as _dark A. as ev
45、ening B. like evening C. just as evening D. just like evening 选 A as as 是同级比较，表示夜晚一样一片漆黑 2. In spite of his aged appearance, his movement was as spirited_ A. as a young man B. as that of a young man C. like a young man D. like that of a young man 选 B 比较的成分必须相同，这里 that 指 movement 3. The more we looked at the abstract painting_, A. the less we liked it B. the lesser we l
