1、单元核心考点单元核心考点新人教新人教 必修必修第二册第二册 Unit 4HISTORY AND TRADITIONS知识回顾be similar _ 和相似be similar _ 在方面相似知识拓展be the same as 与相同 be different from 与不同be different in 在方面不同1.Why do you think William said his hometown was similar to Qufu?(教材教材P38)Language focusto句意：你认为为什么威廉说他的家乡和曲阜相像？in巩固内化 单句语法填空单句语法填空 My teac
2、hing style is similar _ that of most other teachers.The two houses are similar _ size.He wants to push himself forward and be different _ the others.They began to want their father to be the same _other daddies.衔接高考(2017.福建)Writing poems is similar _ cooking.(2018.全国II听力)The pronunciation is fine wi
3、th me,and its vocabulary is similar _ English.fromtoto inasto知识回顾2.risk n.风险；危险风险；危险 v.冒险冒险(教材教材P39)atof词汇拓展risky adj.有危险的；冒险的有危险的；冒险的take/run_ risk of 有危险；冒风险有危险；冒风险at the risk _ losing ones life 冒着生命危冒着生命危_ a risk/risks to do 冒险做某事冒险做某事riskn.v.risk doing sth 冒险做某事冒险做某事=take a risk/risks to do 巩固内化
4、 单句语法填空 Giving up smoking reduces the risk _ heart disease.As with all diseases,certain groups will be more_risk than others.Sometimes you have to take a risk _(move)forward.We risk _(upset)the ecological balance of the area.Life as an aid worker can be a _(risk)business.衔接写作 一句多译：一句多译：在这种天气冒险出去，真是不
5、要命了。It would be suicidal _ in this weather.It would be suicidal _ in this weather.to take a risk/risks to go out ofatto moveupsetting to risk going out risky 衔接高考 (2018北京)A rescue worker risked his life _(save)two tourists who had been trapped in the mountains for two days.(2018.全国I).showed a mere f
6、ive to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk _ heart disease and early deaths from all causes.(2022.全国III)With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old _risk of isolation(孤独),more families are choosing to live together.of savingat 知识回顾puzzle n.智力游戏智力游戏;不解之谜不解之谜v.迷惑迷惑;使困惑使困惑puzzle
7、_ sth.对某事感到迷惑;冥思苦想puzzle sth._琢磨出的答案be _ a puzzle _ sth.对某事迷惑不解;不知如何是好3.Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.(教材教材P40)句意：稍微了解一下英国历史，就可以帮助你解开这个谜题。about/overout词汇拓展puzzlement n.迷惑，困惑迷惑，困惑 with puzzlement 疑惑地疑惑地puzzled adj.无法了解的无法了解的;感到困惑的感到困惑的puzzling adj.
8、令人费解的令人费解的in about巩固内化 用用puzzle的适当形式填空的适当形式填空 What _ me is why he left the country without telling anyone.Three sieves?Which three sieves?the man asked with _.If you pin people down,they will tell you some _ things about stress.Critics remain _ by the British election results.衔接写作 补全句子补全句子I _ the pr
9、oblem for ages before the light suddenly dawned.我对这个问题冥思苦想了很久才豁然开朗。puzzled over puzzlespuzzlementpuzzlingpuzzled He was _ what to do next.下一步做什么，他感到困惑不解。He was trying to _ why he had been brought to the house.他想弄明白自己为何被带到这所房子。衔接高考 (2020全国)Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will
10、 help their child,but researchers said_(puzzle)help children with math-related skills.puzzles in a puzzle about puzzle out知识回顾join.to.把把和和连接或联结连接或联结起来起来=connect.to/with/andbe joined to 与与.相连相连知识拓展知识拓展 与与join连用连用的短语的短语还还有：有：join in 参加；加入join sb.in doing sth.和某人一起做某事join the club/army/party 加入俱乐部/参军/入
11、党join up(with sb)(与某人)联合;会合4.In the 16th century,the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England.(教材教材P40)句意：16世纪时,邻国威尔士并入英格兰王国。巩固内化单句语法填空Well join up _ the other groups later.You should never join an electric wire_a water pipe.I hope that everyone will be able to join _ the fun衔接写作
12、 补全句子补全句子 Please _ the action of protecting our planet.请加入我们一起保护我们的地球。The island _the mainland by a bridge.这个岛有一座桥与大陆相连。withtoinjoin us inis joined to 衔接高考(2017.天津)But it can quickly rise to something worse,when everyone starts hitting reply all to join _ a long and unpleasant conversation(2021.新高考全
13、国II)To look into the case,Wang disguised（伪装）himself and _(join)the beggarsinjoined知识回顾 break away（from sb./sth.）(从从)脱离；背叛；逃脱离；背叛；逃知识拓展 与join连用的短语还有：break in 打断;插嘴说;闯入 break off 中断；折断 break into 闯入;突然(笑/唱/哭)起来 break through 突破 break out(战争)爆发;(火灾)突然发生break up分解;解散;(关系等)破裂 break down(机器等)出故障;(身体)垮掉,(精
14、神)崩溃;失败;5.the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK,which resulted in the full name we have today.(教材教材P40)句意：爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国，形成了今天的英国全称 巩固内化 单句语法填空单句语法填空It was the fact that his car broke _on the way this afternoon that made him late for the meeting.I broke away_him and rushed out into the h
15、all.Either break _ with her,or leave me alone.We may break _ relations with that country.There was no one nearby who might see him trying to break _ the house.fromdownoffupinto衔接写作补全句子补全句子Your health will _ if you work too hard.如果你过分辛劳，会把身体搞垮。Fighting _ in three districts of the city last night.昨夜这座
16、城市有三个区发生了战斗。There is still scope for new writers to _.仍有一些领域需要新作家们去开拓。break down broke outbreak through 衔接高考(2020天津第一次)The machine is working again!Yes,it broke_ yesterday,but it has been fixed.(2021浙江高考读后续写)My father carefully cut the pumpkin open,so I finally had my head _ it.我父亲小心翼翼地把南瓜切开,我的头终于从南
17、瓜中出来了。break away from down6.The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.(教材教材P40)知识回顾 belong vi.应在应在(某处某处)属于适应属于适应belong _ 属于属于belong to 意为意为“属于属于”，其中的其中的to为介词为介词,后跟名词或代词做后跟名词或代词做宾语。宾语。不用于进行时与被动语态不用于进行时与被动语态；表示表示“某东西属于谁某东西属于谁”用用sth.belongs to sb。作后置定语时常用动词作后置定语时常
18、用动词-ing形式形式。to句意：这四个同属联合王国的国家在某些领域合作紧密。知识点拨知识点拨 词汇拓展 belonging n.归属归属 a sense of belonging 归属感归属感 belongings n.（pl.）财产财产;所有物所有物衔接写作 补全补全句子句子As parents we have a responsibility to give our children _.作为父母，我们有责任给孩子一种归属感。Have you ever _ a political party?你加入过什么政党吗？巩固内化 用belong的适当形式的适当形式填空填空Many people
19、still feel there is safety in numbers when _ to a union.The cat _ to the people who live upstairs.I collected my _and left.The old house _to my grandfather was still in good condition.belongingbelongsbelongings a belonged tosense of belongingbelonging衔接高考(2019浙江)The students feel that they belong _a
20、 particular group.(2020天津第一次)Many people feel like they need a sense of cultural_(belong),which is something that studying your roots and being open-minded to the evolution of your culture can provide.tobelonging7.They use the same fag,known as the Union Jack as well as share the same currency and m
21、ilitary defence.(教材教材P40)知识回顾知识回顾 as well as 同同(一样也一样也);和和;还还句意：句意：像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，它们也使用同一面像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，它们也使用同一面国旗。国旗。as well as 意为“同（一样也），和，还，不但而且”，连接并列成分。后接动词时多用-ing形式;当“A as well as B”结构作主语时,谓语动词应与A在人称和数方面保持一致。as well as 意为“除之外”时，相当于 in addition to。后常接名词或动名词，尤其是当其位于句首时。知识点拨知识点拨 巩固内化单句语法填空 Tears we
22、lled up in her eyes,and her heart seemed to be torn _ well.The teacher as well as his students _(go)to plant trees tomorrow.Hes modest,as well as _(be)a great player.知识拓展 as well“也”,置于肯定句句末,不需要用逗号与句子分开。may/might as well“还是为好;不妨”。asis goingbeing衔接写作 补全句子 If you do not like swimming,you _ go jogging.如
23、果不喜欢游泳,你不妨慢跑。They are a couple in the real world _ in the movie.他们在电影和现实生活中都是一对夫妇。may as wellas well as衔接高考 (2019天津)Amy,as well as her brothers,_ (give)a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.(2020新高考)His judgment and references are decidedly American,_well as his delicate stomach.(20
24、20新高考)As well as _(look)at exhibits,visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟)and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.was given aslooking8.They use the same fag,known as the Union Jack as well as share the same currency and military defence.(
25、教材教材P40)defence n.防御；保卫辩护防御；保卫辩护;辩解辩解_ defence(of)防守防守/为保护为保护(.)come _ ones defence=in ones defence 替某人辩护 知识回顾知识回顾 in词汇拓展 defend v.防御防御;保卫保卫 defend.against/from.保卫保卫以免受以免受 defend ones views 为某人的观点辩解为某人的观点辩解 defend oneself against.为自己辩护为自己辩护/自卫自卫to巩固内化单句语法填空 Humour is a more effective _(defend)than v
26、iolence.The Irish team were solid as a rock _ defence.It is impossible to defend _ an all-out attack.The immune system is our main defence _ disease.defenceinagainst 知识点拨知识点拨 defence 后接后接“入侵者入侵者”或或“造成危害者造成危害者”时，介词用时，介词用 against；若接若接“被保护者被保护者”，则介词用，则介词用 of。against衔接写作 补全句子 Nobody spoke out _.没有人站出来替他
27、辩护。All our officers are trained to _ knife attacks.我们所有的警察都接受过自卫训练，能够对付持刀袭击。The boys attacked the woman,_.男孩们攻击那位女人，替自己的母亲辩护。in his defence defend themselves against coming to their mothers defense衔接高考 (2020浙江)Terrified,Elli and I tried all the bear _(defend)actions we knew.We yelled at the bear,hit
28、 pots hard,and fired blank shotgun shells into the air.defence 9.Almost everywhere you go in the UK,you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.(教材教材P40)知识回顾知识回顾surround vt.围绕;环绕;包围;围住surround._.以包围be surrounded by/with.被包
29、围surround oneself with sb./sth.和某人/某物待在一起with/by句意：句意：无论你走到英国的哪个地方，你都会被曾在历史上不无论你走到英国的哪个地方，你都会被曾在历史上不同时期执掌英国的四个民族的痕迹所环绕。同时期执掌英国的四个民族的痕迹所环绕。词汇拓展 surrounding adj.周围的周围的 surroundings n.环境环境;周围的事物周围的事物巩固内化用surround的适当形式填空 We decided to explore the _ countryside.Its important to study in friendly _.When h
30、e came back to life,he found himself _ by enemy soldiers.They have _ the flat with the police.surroundingsurroundedsurroundedsurroundings衔接写作补全句子It is wise to _ people who have a high level of self discipline.交一些高度自律的朋友是明智的。He _reporters who had been lying in wait for him.他被暗中守候他的记者团团围住。surround you
31、rself withwas surrounded by 衔接高考 (2019.江苏)We are surrounded_ a natural playground just perfect for walking,caving,climbing and cycling.(2020全国)And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds _(surround)the mountain tops,he was reduced to tears.(2020浙江高考读后续写)The hungry bear follow
32、ed his nose to our camp,_ a high wire fence.这只饥饿的熊一路嗅着来到我们的营地,营地周围有高高的铁丝网。surrounded by surroundingby 知识回顾知识回顾 evidence n.证据，证明证据，证明There is some/no evidence that.有/没有证据表明in evidence 明显的，显而易见的give evidence（出庭）作证词汇拓展 evident adj.清楚的；显而易见的；显然的清楚的；显而易见的；显然的 It is evident/clear that.很很明显明显 evidently adv
33、.显然显然;明显地明显地;据说据说;10.Almost everywhere you go in the UK,you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.(教材教材P40)巩固内化 单句语法填空单句语法填空She walked slowly down the road,_(evident)in pain.Yet,I find little _(evident)to support this cl
34、aim.The first signs of spring are _ evidence.衔接写作补全句子His statement to the police was used _ against him.他对警方说的话已用作指证他的证据。_to bring the case to court.没有足够的证据可把此案提交法庭。_ she had once been a beauty.显然她曾是个美人儿。evidentlyevidencein in evidenceThere wasnt enough evidence It was evident that衔接高考 (2019北京)Inter
35、estingly,this trend isnt _(evidence)in baseball,where additional individual talent keeps improving the teams performance.(2019全国I)While they are rare north of 88,there is evidence _ they range all the way across the Arctic,and as far south as James Bay in Canada.evidentthat 11.Some of their great ac
36、hievements included building towns and roads.(教材P40)知识回顾知识回顾 achievement n.成就;成绩;达到a sense of achievement 成就感make an achievement 取得成就achievement是可数也是不可数,依据语境判断。achievement的基本意思是“完成,达到”,指达到所期望的目标的过程,是抽象名词,不可数。achievement还可用作可数名词,常指因努力和技巧而取得的“成就,成绩”。句意：句意：一些伟大的一些伟大的成就成就包括建造城镇和修建道路。包括建造城镇和修建道路。知识点拨知识点拨
37、 巩固内化 用achieve的适当形式填空：She never _ her ambition of becoming a famous writer.Your _ are something to be proud of.Only the _ of these goals will bring lasting peace.achievedachievements衔接写作 补全句子 You can only _through hard work.你得孜孜不倦方能成功。Bringing up a child alone should give you _.自己一个人带大孩子会给你一种成就感。ach
38、ievement achieve success a sense of achievement词汇拓展 achieve vt.完成完成;达到达到 vi.成功成功 achieve ones goal/dream/success 达到目标达到目标/实现梦想实现梦想/取得成功取得成功衔接高考(2020全国)Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and_(achieve).(2020吉林)What have Americans _(achieve)in environmental protection?(2022新高考)She
39、 has gained a sense of _(achieve).achieved achievementsachievement 12.where we could get our car battery charged.(教材P42)知识回顾知识回顾 charge v.收费收费;指控指控;主管主管;充电充电 n.收费收费;主管；指控主管；指控charge(sb.)some money _ sth.因某物因某物(向某人向某人)收费收费charge sb._(doing)sth.控告某人控告某人(做做)某事某事 句意：句意：在那里我们可以给汽车电池在那里我们可以给汽车电池充电充电。charg
40、ev.n.free _ charge=for free 免费免费take charge _ 负责负责;主管主管_ charge of 负责负责;主管主管in the charge of=in ones charge 由由负责负责/主管主管for with of in of 巩固内化用charge的适当形式填空，并翻译其意思 We can arrange this for a small _._ Before use,the battery must be _._ The company used to be in his direct _._ They have the evidence _
41、him._charge要价，收费要价，收费充电充电charge主管主管to chargecharged指控，起诉指控，起诉 衔接写作 补全句子 We wont _ delivery.我们送货不收费。She _ driving under the influence.她被控酒后驾驶。The leaflet is available _ from post offices.宣传单可以到邮局免费领取。charge you for was charged with free of charge衔接高考(2020天津第一次)Suppose you are _ charge of the Shy and
42、Mighty Society,what will you do to help other shy people?(2020全国卷参赛短文)My English teacher,who has been teaching for twenty years,is _ the school work.我的英语老师负责学校的工作,他已经教了二十年书了。一句多译 几年前，巴克里尔接管了该公司。A few years ago Bacryl _ the company.A few years ago Bacryl was _ the company.A few years ago the company
43、was _Bacryl.took charge of in charge of in in the charge of in charge of 13.we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.(教材P42)知识回顾知识回顾 announce v.宣布宣布;通知通知;声称声称announce sth._ sb.向某人宣告某事向某人宣告某事announce that 宣布宣布_is announced that.=As is announced,.据宣布据宣布.to 词汇拓展 announcement n.宣告宣告;宣宣
44、布布;通通知知 make an announcement 宣布宣布 announcer n.广播员广播员;播音员播音员It句意：句意：我们听到服务台我们听到服务台宣布宣布没有语音导游了。没有语音导游了。衔接写作 一句多译 据宣布，将有新的限速规定出台。_ new speed restrictions would be introduced._,new speed restrictions would be introduced.巩固内化 单句语法单句语法填空填空The radio _(announce)said it was nine oclock.The government has ann
45、ounced plans_ create one million new training places.Sir Robert made his _(announce)after talks with the President.announcertoIt was announced thatannouncement As was announced衔接高考 (2017.全国II).He said the 60 woman will _(announce)on the website and the trip will be shared online.(2022.全国II)First _(a
46、nnounce)in April,2016,the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml,was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity.announced be announced句意：我们发现自己对国家美术馆入口处的大量游客和噪音感到非常惊讶。14.We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at
47、 the entrance of the National Gallery.(教材P42)amount n.金额金额;数量数量 vi.总计总计;共计共计;相当于相当于;等于等于the amount of 的数量的数量a large/small amount of+n.U+v.(单数单数)大量大量/少量少量=large/small amounts of+n.U+v.(复数复数)大量大量/少量少量amount to 达到达到;合计合计;相当于相当于;等于等于;意味着意味着 知识回顾知识回顾 表示“大量的”的短语还有a large number of、a great deal of、plenty o
48、f、a lot of等。(1)a great deal of、a large amount of只能修饰不可数名词;(2)a large number of只能修饰可数名词复数;(3)a lot of、plenty of 既可以修饰可数名词复数,也可以修饰不可数名词。知识点拨知识点拨 巩固内化 单句语法单句语法填空：填空：A small amount of this paint _(go)a long way.The server is designed to store huge _(amount)of data.The total collection last week amounted
49、 _ 250.The amount of fuel that this car uses_(be)a big strike against it.goes amounts to衔接写作补全句子His earnings are said to _ 300 000 per annum.据说他每年的酬金高达30万英镑。一句多译:一大笔钱已捐给了当地的学校。_ money has been donated to the local school._ money have been donated to the local school.amount toA large amount of isLarg
50、e amounts of 衔接高考(2020新高考)Rainforests are the lungs of the planet-storing vast quantities of carbon dioxide and producing_ significant amount of the worlds oxygen.(2021浙江高考读后续写)Mom said seriously,patting me on the shoulder,“Lazy people will not _ anything in life.”妈妈拍着我的肩膀严肃地说:“懒惰的人在生活中一事无成。”(2022.全
