1、高中英语必修二Unit 1课本知识【重点单词拓展】1.limit n.限制;限度vt.限制;限定limited adj.有限的(反) limitless adj.无限的2.contribution n.捐款;贡献;捐赠contribute vi.捐助;贡献vt.捐款;投稿contributor n.撰稿人;捐款者3.attempt n.&vt.企图;试图;尝试attempted adj.企图的;未遂的(用于名词前)parison n.比较;相比compare vi.&vt.比较5.conduct n.行为;举止;管理方法vt.组织;安排;带领conductor n.指挥6.balance n.
2、平衡;平均vt.使平衡balanced adj.均衡的;平衡的7.loss n.丧失;损失lose vt.丢失;丧失;迷路lost adj.丢失的8.proposal n.提议;建议propose vt.建议;提议9.likely adj.可能的adv.可能地(反) unlikely adj.不可能的adv.不可能地10.disappear vi.消失;灭绝;消亡appear (反) vi.出现;露面appearance n.出现;外貌11.donate vt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠;赠送;献(血)donation n.捐赠;赠送;捐款12.preserve vt.保存;保护;维持n.保护区p
3、reservation n.保护13.creative adj.创造性的;有创造力的;有创意的creatively adv.创造性地;有创造力地creativity n.创造力;创造性create vt.创造creation n.创造;创作;作品14.promote vt.促进;提升;推销;晋级promotion n.晋升;推销;促进15.application n.申请(表);用途;运用;应用(程序)apply vi.申请;适用vt.应用;使用applicant n.申请人16.entrance n.入口;进入enter vi.进入17.professional adj.专业的;职业的n.专
4、业人员;职业选手profession n.职业;行业18.identify vt.确认;认出;找到identification n.识别;鉴定;确认19.prevent vt.阻止;阻挠prevention n.防止;预防preventive adj.预防性的20.investigate vi.&vt.调查;研究investigation n.调查;研究21.tradition n.传统;传统信仰或风俗traditional adj.传统的traditionally adv.传统上22.historic adj.历史上著名(或重要)的;有史时期的history n.历史historical a
5、dj.历史上的;有关历史的23.process n.过程;进程;步骤vt.处理;加工processed adj.加工的;处理的【词块和短语】P1pass on 传递cultural heritage 文化遗产a cultural heritage site 文化遗址P2take part in / participate in 参与(某事);参加(某活动)cultural relics 文化遗址;文物P3base sth on / upon sth 以.为基础, 以为根据be proud to do sth 因做某事而自豪P4solve / overcome / settle/ resolve
6、 a problem解决问题economic development 经济发展There comes a time when 的时刻到来; 总有.的时候give way (to) 被.取代; 让步;退让lead to / result in 导致致使produce electricity 发电supply sth to sb/ supply sb with sth给某人提供某物turn to 向.求助establish a committee 成立委员会raise funds / money 筹款conduct / do / carry out a test 试验make a proposal
7、 提出建议sign a document 签署文件bring together 把.召集起来;使联合起来take down 拆除;记下piece by piece 逐块地; 一块块地put back 使.回到原来的状况;放回(原处)be safe from 免遭.的危险/伤害donate.to 向.捐赠run over 撞倒并碾轧;翻阅;快速阅读work together to build a better tomorrow共同创造美好未来run a programme 设立/运营一个项目prevent / stop.from (doing) sth 阻止/不准.做某事P5ask / turn
8、 to sb for help 向某人求助a view on / about sth 对.的看法/意见put in danger 把置于危险境地a solution to a problem 问题的解决办法P6in detail 详细地at the entrance to 在.的人口处P7It is said that.据说.tell right from wrong 明辨是非P8promote culture 推广文化increase knowledge and appreciation of加强对.的认识与鉴赏力promote wider interest in sth促使对某事物产生更广
9、泛的兴趣work on从事;致力于P9get / attract / catch / draw sbs attention 吸引某人的注意end with 以.结束P10come up with 提出;想出;提供intangible cultural heritage 非物质文化遗产a field trip 实地考察;野外考察P11be familiar with 熟悉do/ carry out/ conduct research 进行研究P12speed up (使)加快速度fall into ruin (因无人照料而)衰落;败落live on 继续存在;继续活着【教材金句】1.Herita
10、ge is our legacy from the past, what we live with today, and what we pass on to future generations. World Heritage Centre(P1)文化遗产是过去人类所创造，由现代人类继承并传之后世。一世界遗产中心2.Economic development is necessary if we want to improve society.(P4)社会进步需要经济发展。3.There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, a
11、nd it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.(P4)新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。4.Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learned that it was possible for countries to wo
12、rk together to build a better tomorrow.(P4)这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。5.By sharing so many digital photos over the Internet, the group hopes to promote even wider interest around the world in Chinas ancient history, culture, and traditions.(P8)这些科学家和研究者在网络上分享了大 量(有关莫高窟的)电子照片，希
13、望在世界范围内促使人们对中国古代历史和文化习俗产生更广泛的兴趣。6.Appreciating ones own cultural heritage is very important for understanding oneself.Appreciating the cultural heritage of other countries is very important for international communication and understanding.(P8)欣赏本国文化遗产，有助于了解我们自己;欣赏他国文化遗产, 有助于增进国际交流和理解。7.The Great Wa
14、ll of China is the largest structure ever made and one of the great wonders of the world.(P12)中国的长城是有史以来人类所建造的最宏伟的建筑，也是世界上的伟大奇迹之一。8It is said that its a mirror that can tell right from wrong!据说这是一面可以分辨是非的镜子！9This makes it an important cultural heritage site not just for China，but for all people arou
15、nd the world.这使得它不仅是中国的重要文化遗产，也是全世界人民的重要文化遗产。10Every part of the Great Wall is easy to find and see.长城的每一部分都很容易找到、看到。【写作素材】推荐信必备词汇1.recommend sb./ sth.to sb.推荐某人/某物给某人2.present sb./ sth.to sb.介绍某人/某物给某人3.take great pleasure in.以为乐4.afford me much pleasure to do sth.做某事给我很多快乐5.in search of 寻找6.an ide
16、al candidate 一个理想的候选人7.without reservation 毫无保留8.be convinced of.确信9.give full play to. 充分发挥表达“能力”1.have a gift for 对有天赋2.be skilled in 擅长3.be experienced in 有的经验4.be an expert in.熟练于5.speak fluent English 说一口流利的英语6.a boy with great ability 有才能的男孩7.have a good knowledge/command of.精通8.be competent f
17、or.胜任表达“经历”1.graduate from.从毕业2.be a graduate from.毕业于3.major in. 主修4.gain/win/get the first grade scholarship 获得一级奖学金5.get good grades 取得好成绩6.an all-around student 一个全面的学生7.with excellent grades in all subjects 各科成绩优异8.be given the title of.被授称号9.gain/win the first prize/place 赢得第一名10.win a gold/si
18、lver/copper medal 赢得金牌/银牌/铜牌表达“性格”1.be enthusiastic about 对热心2.be easy to get along with 好相处高分句式首段：说明推荐对象1.I am writing to you to recommend.我写信给你推荐2.It is with a great pleasure that I recommend to you.非常高兴向你推荐3.It affords me much pleasure to recommendto you.我非常乐意向你推荐4.Itake great pleasure in recomme
19、nding to you.as an ideal candidate.我很高兴向你推荐作为一个理想的候选人。5.I would like to presentfor your consideration in your search for a qualified manager.我想推荐作为你招聘合格经理的候选人。中间段：具体介绍被推荐者的个人信息1.He is an all-around student with excellent grades in all subjects.He has been given the title of the “excellent student”.他
20、是一个所有学科都成绩优秀的学生。他曾获得了“优秀学生”称号。2.As a boy with great potential, he is good at solving difficult problems.作为一个有巨大潜力的孩子，他擅长解决疑难问题。3.Li Ming, a graduate from Peking university, majors in computer software design.李明，毕业于北京大学，主修计算机软件设计。4.He has enjoyed the reputation/title of the Excellent Graduate他享有“优秀毕业
21、生”声誉和头衔。5.Therefore,Ido not hesitate to recommend her as an ideal candidate for the post you advertised.因此，我毫不犹豫地推荐她作为你招聘职位的理想候选人。结尾段：希望推荐，期待回信1.In a word, he would be a good choice.I would be grateful if you could consider my recommendation.一句话，他将是一个不错的选择。如果你能考虑我的建议，我将不胜感激。2.1 strongly recommend hi
22、m to you without reservation.I am confident/convinced that he will be competent for the position.我毫无保留地强烈向你推荐他。我相信他能胜任这个职位。3.Therefore,without any hesitation I recommend.as the right person for your consideration.因此，我毫不犹豫地推荐作为合适人选。4.I would appreciate it if you could consider my recommendation and k
23、indly offer him/her the position.我希望你能考虑我的建议，给他/她提供这个职位。5.If you have any further questions regarding his ability or this recommendation,please do not hesitate to contact me.Please call at 123456.如果您对他的能力或推荐有任何进一步的问题，请不要犹豫联系我，拨打电话123456。【必背语法】Grammar定语从句一、定语从句的定义及分类起定语作用，修饰某一名词或代词，或修饰整个主句的从句叫作定语从句。被
24、定语从句修饰的词称为先行词。定语从句一般置于先行词之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。引导定语从句的关系代词有which，that，who，whom，whose；关系副词有when，where，why等。（Perhaps he has more than two sons.）He has two sons who work in the same company.即学即练1用适当的关系词填空I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, my classmates recommended to me.The Smith
25、s，who now downstairs，are asking to see you.Do you still remember the chicken farm we visited three months ago?【答案】1.which 2.are 3.that/which二、定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的用法关系代词和关系副词有连接先行词和从句、指代先行词并在从句中充当语法成分的三重作用。关系代词与关系副词的作用及用法如下：关系词先行词在从句中的作用例句who人作主语、宾语The boy who is standing there is my cousin.站在那儿的那个男孩是我的表弟
26、。whom人作动词宾语或介词宾语(可省略)The man(whom)you met yesterday is Mr.Smith.你昨天见的那个人是史密斯先生。whose人或物(of whom/of which)作定语He lives in a room whose window faces south.他住在一间窗户朝南的房间里。that人或物作主语、宾语或表语(可省略)I dont know about the man(that)you mentioned.我不知道你提到的那个人。which物作主语、宾语The pen(which)my uncle gave me is missing.我叔
27、叔给我的那支钢笔丢了。when表示时间的名词作时间状语Ill never forget the day when I joined the Party.我将永远不会忘记我入党的那一天。where表示地点的名词作地点状语The factory where my father works is in the east of the city.我爸爸工作的那家工厂在这座城市的东部。why原因作原因状语None of us know the reason why Tom was absent from the meeting.我们都不知道汤姆缺席会议的原因。【课本词汇表】1heritagehertdn
28、.遗产（指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色)2creativelykretvladv.创造性地;有创造力地3creativekretvadj.创造性的;有创造力的;有创意的4templetempln.庙;寺5relicrelkn.遗物;遗迹6mountmantn.山峰vt.爬上;骑上vi.爬;登上7formerf:m(r)adj.以前的;（两者中)前者的8clueklu:n.线索;提示9preserveprz:vvt.保存;保护;维持n.保护区10promoteprmtvt.促进;提升;推销;晋级11cypresssaprsn.柏树12appn.应用程序;应用软件（application的
29、缩略形式)13applicationplkenn.申请（表);用途;运用;应用（程序)14take part intek p:t n参与（某事);参加（某活动)15give way togv wet让步;屈服16balanceblnsn.平衡;均匀vt.使平衡17keep balance保持平衡18lead toli:d tu:导致19damdmn.水坝;拦河坝20proposalprpzln.提议;建议21make a proposal提出建议22protestprtestn.抗议vi.vt.（公开)反对;抗议23likelylakladj.可能的adv.可能地24turn tot:n tu
30、:向求助25committeekmtn.委员会26establishstblvt.建立;创立27limitlmtn.限度;限制vt.限制;限定28preventprventvt.阻止;阻碍;阻挠29preventfrom阻止;不准30losslsn.丧失;损失31contributionkntrbju:nn.捐款;贡献;捐赠32contributekntrbju:tvi.vt.捐献;捐助33departmentdp:tmntn.部;司;科34fundfndn.基金;专款35withinwnprep.adv.在（某段时间、距离或范围)之内36investigatenvestgetvi.vt.调查
31、;研究37issueu:n.重要议题;争论的问题vt.宣布;公布38conductkndktn.行为;举止;管理方法vt.组织;安排;带领39documentdkjmntn.文件;公文;（计算机)文档vt.记录;记载（详情)40donatednetvt.（尤指向慈善机构)捐贈;赠送;献（血)41donateto.向捐赠42disappeardsp(r)vi.消失;灭绝;消亡43attempttemptn.vt.企图;试图;尝试44make suremek 确保;设法保证45worthwhilew:waladj.值得做的;值得花时间的46downloaddanldvt.下载n.下载;已下载的数据
32、资料47republicrpblkn.共和国48professionalprfenladj.专业的;职业的n.专业人员;职业选手49archaeologist:kldstn.考古学家50entranceentrnsn.入口;进入51pyramidprmdn.（古埃及的)金字塔;棱锥体52processprsesn.过程;进程;步骤vt.处理;加工53overseasvsi:zadj.海外的adv.在海外54exitekstn.出口;通道vi.vt.出去;离去55sheeti:tn.一张（纸);床单;被单56paradepredn.游行;检阅vi.游行庆祝;游行示威57mirrormr(r)n.
33、镜子58roofru:fn.顶部;屋顶59chiwenn.鸱吻60dragondrgnn.龙61forgivefgvvt.vi.（forgave, forgiven)原谅;宽恕vt.对不起;请原谅62digitalddtladj.数码的;数字显示的63imagemdn.形象;印象64cavekevn.山洞;洞穴65throughoutru:atprep.各处;遍及;自始至终66qualitykwltn.质量;品质;素质;特征adj.优质的;高质量的67all over the world:l vw:(r)ld在世界各地68traditiontrdnn.传统;传统的信仰或风俗69furtherf
34、:(r)adv.（far的比較级)更远;进一步70historichstrkadj.历史上著名（或重要)的;有史时期的71opinionpnjnn.意见;想法;看法72quotekwtvt.引用73paraphraseprfrezn.vt.vi.（用更容易理解的文字)解释74comparisonkmprsnn.比较;相比75contrastkntr:stn.对比;对照vt.对比;对照76identifyadentfavt.确认;认出;找到77foreverfrev(r)adv.永远;长久地78Aswan Dam:sw:n dm阿斯旺大坝79the Nilenal尼罗河80Egypti:dpt埃及（国家名)81Egyptiandpnadj.埃及的82UNESCOabbr.（United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization)联合国教科文组织83Cairokar开罗（埃及首都)84Tanzaniatnzni:坦桑尼亚（国家名)85the Kremlin克里姆林（宫)86Moscowmsk莫斯科（俄罗斯首都)87Saint Basils Cathedral88the Forbidden City紫禁城89Los Angeleslsndls洛杉矶（美国城市)8
