1、人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修第第三册三册Unit 5 The Value of MoneyPeriod 3 Discovering Useful Structure Express modality and talk about future events in the past 表达情态，谈论过去发生的未来事件 If you dont mind,may we ask you how much money you have?What luck!Brother,what luck!Please dont go.You mustnt think we dont care about you.We
2、ll,to be honest,I have none.Well,it may seem lucky to you but not to me.If this is your idea of some kind of joke,I dontthink its very funny.Now if youll excuse me,I ought to be on my way.一、情态动词(一)can/could1.表示能力。can表示现在的能力,could主要指过去的能力。You can tell the significance of climate change to us.你可以告诉我们气
3、候变化的重要意义。I had hoped to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage,but I couldnt manage it.我本来希望送给彼得一件礼物祝贺他结婚,但没有做到。can表示能力的时候,还可以用be able to代替,表示后来通过努力终于做成了某事。He was a good swimmer so _to the riverbank when the boat sank.他是一个很擅长游泳的人,所以当船下沉时,他能够游到河岸上。he was able to swim 2.表示请求或许可。当请求允许做某事
4、时,两者均可用,但用could语气更委婉。当表示允许某人做某事时,一般要用can,而不用could。Can/Could I use your bike tomorrow morning?Yes,you can./No,Im afraid not.我明天早晨能用你的自行车吗?是的,可以。/不,恐怕不行。You _them if you like.如果你愿意的话,可以和他们一起去。can go with 3.表示推测。can表推测时一般用于否定句和疑问句中(could一般无此限制)。表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或不肯定时,常用“can/could+have+过去分词”的否定或疑问形式。那不可能是真的。
5、It cant/couldnt be true.他听说过这个消息了吗?Can/Could he have heard the news?4.表示客观的、一时的情况,意思是“有时候会”。上海冬季可能很冷。The weather in Shanghai can/could be very cold in winter.5.表示惊异、怀疑,不相信的态度(主要用在否定句、疑问句或感叹句中)。你怎么那么粗心呀!How can you be so careless!选词填空can,could,be able to(1)My grandma is well over eighty,but she _read
6、 without glasses.(2)Being a wise person,he finally _find the place.(3)The cheater said that he _turn stone into gold.canwas able tocould(二)may/might1.表示请求或允许,might可以指过去时间,也可指现在时间,语气更委婉。对may的一般疑问句的肯定回答可用may或can,但作否定回答时要用mustnt或cant。You may come if you wish.如果你想来,你就来。May(Might)I ask for a photo of you
7、r baby?我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗?May I smoke here?No,you mustnt.Youd better not.我可以在这里吸烟吗?不,不可以。你最好不要吸烟。2.表示可能。可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,但语气不肯定。The crowds might damage the beauty of the place.人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。She may not know about it.她可能不知道这件事。3.用于表祝愿的句子中。May both the bride and groom have long and happy lives.祝新娘新郎幸福长寿。(三
8、)must/have to1.must表示必须,没有时态变化。强调的是一种主观看法,也表示责任或义务。have to表示“必须,不得不”,是由于某种外界(客观)原因而“必须,不得不”做某事。mustnt表示禁止做某事;have to的否定形式表示“不必”。have to可用于多种时态中。work not because I have to,but because I want to.我工作不是因为我不得不做,而是因为我想做。(客观上需要做这件事)must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.在设定目标时,你必须牢记这些要点。(主
9、观上要做这件事)回答must引出的疑问句时,如果是否定的回答,不能用mustnt,而要用neednt或dont have to。Must we hand in our exercise books now?Yes,you must.(No,you neednt./No,you dont have to.)我们现在就必须要交练习本吗?是的,必须。(不,不必。)2.must表示猜测。意为“想必,准是,一定”,只用于肯定句。The book must be the one you want.这本书一定是你要的那本。Shes wearing a diamond necklace.She must ha
10、ve a lot of money.她戴着钻石项链,她一定很有钱。3.must还可表示“偏要”。表示说话人不耐烦、不满的情绪。Why must it rain on Sunday?为什么偏要在星期天下雨?用适当的情态动词填空(1)My sister is ill;my mother _look after her.(2)Theres a lot of noise from next door.They _be having a party.(3)Must I return all the books in three days?Yes,you _.(No,you _.)(4)If you _g
11、o,at least wait until the storm is over.has tomustmustneednt/dont have tomust(四)will/would1.表示意志或意愿。will指现在,would指过去,用于否定句表示“不肯,不乐意”。2.I will never do that again我决不会再做那种事了。2表示征求意见或提出请求。主要用于第二人称疑问句中,will和would均可用,would此时不表示过去,而是表示委婉语气。Will/Would you pass me the book?请你把书递给我好吗?3.will和would可分别表示现在和过去反复
12、发生的动作或某种倾向,意为“总是;常常”。Fish will die without water.没有水,鱼会死去。When my parents were away,my grandmother would take care of me.我父母外出的时候,总是祖母照看我。I would be happy to wear traditional Chinese clothes at the welcome ceremony.我很乐意在欢迎仪式上穿中国传统服装。(五)dare1.dare作情态动词时,常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中,过去式形式为dared。How dare you say I
13、m unfair?你怎么敢说我不公平?He darent speak English before such a crowd,dare he?他不敢在这么多人面前说英语,是吗?If we dared not go there that day,we couldnt get the beautiful flowers.如果那天我们不敢去那里,我们就得不到美丽的花。2.dare作实义动词用时,有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中,dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中,dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。I dare to swim across this river.我敢游过这条
14、河。He doesnt dare(to)answer.他不敢回答。二、过去将来时1.过去将来时表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用在宾语从句中。一般由“would/should+动词原形”构成。She hoped that they would meet again someday.她希望将来有一天他们能再见面。I rang up to tell my father that I should leave for London.我打电话告诉我父亲我要去伦敦。2.was/were going to+动词原形:表示过去将要发生或很有可能发生的动作,常用于口语中,表示预言、意图或者
15、打算等。He was going to start work the following week.他打算下星期开始工作。Alice,why didnt you come yesterday?爱丽丝,你昨天为什么没来呀?I was going to,but I had an unexpected visitor.我打算去的,但我家来了个不速之客。3.was/were about to do:常用来表示即将发生的动作,“刚要/正要做”。注意该结构不与任何时间状语连用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen.我感到某种可怕的事情即将发生
16、。We were about to go there when it began to rain.我们刚打算去那儿,这时天下起了雨。4.start,go,come,leave,see,meet等动词的过去进行时:表示就过去某一时刻而言即将发生的动作。She was coming later.她随后就来。我刚穿上外套要去看我的一个朋友。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine.5.was/were to do:表示“曾计划做某事”,如果表示“本来计划做某事,动作没实现”,则需用“was/were
17、 to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident.她说她本来想告诉我关于事故的事。He said he was to meet his friend at the station at 4 p.m.他说他下午四点去车站接他的朋友。用所给动词的适当形式完成句子(1)She said the bus _(leave)at five the next morning.(2)I wasnt sure whether he _(lend)me his book the next morning.was leavingwould lend(3)At that time he did not know that quitting the job _(become)the turning point in his life.(4)He said he _(visit)China the next week.(5)In his introduction,he made it clear that our credits _(be)hard-earned.was to becomewas going to visitwould be
