1、牛津初中英语9A Unit 1 Know yourself (Grammar B)Both可作形容词、代词或副词用，意思是可作形容词、代词或副词用，意思是“两个两个”、“双方双方”、“两个都两个都”。在句中可作主语、宾语或同位。在句中可作主语、宾语或同位语。语。如：如：Both are right.(主语主语)I like both.(宾语宾语)Both pencils are mine.(同位语）同位语）三者呢？三者呢？一、一、Both和和both of后都可接复数名词，构成名词词组。后都可接复数名词，构成名词词组。Both后的名词前可有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词后的名词前可有定冠词、指示代
2、词或物主代词作修饰限定，也可没有；作修饰限定，也可没有；both of后的名词前却一定要有后的名词前却一定要有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词作修饰限定。定冠词、指示代词或物主代词作修饰限定。Both of后可接人称代词宾格，后可接人称代词宾格，both后则不可；但人称代词后则不可；但人称代词宾格后可接宾格后可接both。二、二、Both与动词连用时，大多数放在系动词与动词连用时，大多数放在系动词be之后，其它动之后，其它动词之前。词之前。His parents workers.They reading.若句中谓语动词包含情态动词或助动词时，若句中谓语动词包含情态动词或助动词时，both大多放在大多
3、放在第一个情态动词或助动词之后。第一个情态动词或助动词之后。The bridges be built this year.kate and Mary gone to England.三、三、Both可与可与and构成并列连词，连接两个性质相同并在构成并列连词，连接两个性质相同并在句中作相同成分的并行结构。句中作相同成分的并行结构。Both he and his brother are good at English.(连接两连接两个主语个主语)她能歌善舞。玛丽既友善又漂亮。both+名词复数名词复数of the ns/代词代词.and.作作主语主语看作看作复数复数1.二个女孩都来自英国。二个女
4、孩都来自英国。2.科学和数学二门都很难。科学和数学二门都很难。_ _ _ _ England._ _ _ _ _ England.Both girls are/come fromBoth of the girlsare/comefrom_ science _ maths _ hard.Bothandare3.I can speak _ Chinese _ English.both and四、含四、含both的句子变为否定时，是将的句子变为否定时，是将both改为改为neither。两个男孩都聪明。两个男孩都聪明。两个男孩都不聪明。两个男孩都不聪明。并不是两个男孩都聪明并不是两个男孩都聪明(一个
5、聪明一个愚笨一个聪明一个愚笨)。不完全否定不完全否定含含bothand的句子变为否定句时，将的句子变为否定句时，将bothand改为改为neithernor.，连接的两个部分若是名词，可以是单数，连接的两个部分若是名词，可以是单数，也可以是复数。也可以是复数。notonly.but(also).不但不但而且而且 1.notonly.but(also).在句中常用来连在句中常用来连接两个对等的成分，接两个对等的成分，also可以省略。如：可以省略。如：HeislearningnotonlyEnglishbut(also)French.（连接两个宾语）（连接两个宾语）他不但在学英语，而且还在学法语
6、。他不但在学英语，而且还在学法语。ShespeaksRussiannotonlyinclassbut(also)athome.她在课堂上和家里都说俄语。她在课堂上和家里都说俄语。（连接两个（连接两个地点状语）地点状语）2.notonly.but(also).用来连接用来连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单、复数两个主语时，谓语动词的单、复数遵循遵循“就近原则就近原则”，即和，即和but(also)后的名词或代词的数一致。如：后的名词或代词的数一致。如：Not only Zhou Xia but also her parents are fond of watching football matches
7、.不但周霞，而且她的父母都喜欢看足球比赛。Not only you but also he is tired of having one examination after another.不但你，而且他也讨厌一次接一次的考试。3.not only.but(also).连接两个分句，当not only位于句首，前一个分句常用部分倒装来表示强调，而but(also)后的分句仍用陈述语序。如：Not only is the teacher himself interested in foreign films，but also all his students are beginning to s
8、how an interest in them.不但老师自己对外国电影感兴趣，就连他所有的学生也开始对外国电影感兴趣了。Not only does Miss Li like music,but(also)she likes sports.李小姐不但喜欢音乐，而且还喜欢体育。4.not only but also 中的中的 not only 不不能分开使用，但能分开使用，但 but also 却可以分开使用。却可以分开使用。例如：例如：The area was not only hit by an unexpected heavy rain，but some bridges were also
9、washed away.5.notonlybutalso连接两个并列连接两个并列成分时，可以省略成分时，可以省略but或或also，也可，也可以把以把butalso都省略掉。例如：都省略掉。例如：I not only heard it but（also）saw it.He was not only compelled（被迫）（被迫）to stay at home，（，（but）also forbidden（禁（禁止）止）to see his friend.She not only finished the task ahead of time，（but also）she came to hel
10、p us.【注意注意】使用中注意两点：使用中注意两点：1、就近。指谓语形式取决于离它近的主语。、就近。指谓语形式取决于离它近的主语。NotonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherreadsEnglisheveryday.2、一致。、一致。notonly与与butalso后面所接的后面所接的词类要一致。词类要一致。Shecannotonlysingbutalsodance.【用法小结用法小结】1.notonlybutalso应连接两个相对称的并应连接两个相对称的并列成分。例如：列成分。例如：NotonlyMrLinbutalsohissonjoinedthePartytw
11、oyearsago.（连接两个主语）（连接两个主语）Inotonlyplaytennisbutalsopractiseshooting.（连接两个谓语动词）（连接两个谓语动词）Heplaysnotonlythepianobutalsotheviolin.（连接两个宾语）（连接两个宾语）TheyspeakEnglishnotonlyinclassbutalsointhedormitory.（连接两个地点状语）（连接两个地点状语）Either-or-Neither-nor-either:指两者中的任意一个。either.or.意为或者或者；不是就是之意。表示两者之一，连接句子中两个并列的成分 ne
12、ither:指两者中没有一个，全否定。neither.nor.表示既不也不。其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个并列的成份。Bent:Hi Sam,what do you think?We can go to the tomb today.We can also go there tomorrow.Sam:Lets go tomorrow.The students are all too tired today.One complained that the room was not clean and not comfortable.We can go to the tomb either tod
13、ay or tomorrow.One complained that the room was neither neither clean nor very comfortable.Ben:Well,I think the rooms are very clean and comfortable,and I slept very well in mine.Did you notice that Marco and Peter did not come to the talk?Sam:I suppose they were tired,but thats not a very good excu
14、se.Well,after visiting the ruins tomorrow,we can then relax.We can go to the Dragon Restaurant.The Phoenix Restaurant is also very good.Did you notice that neither Marco nor Peter come to the talk?We can either go to the Dragon Restaurant or the Phoenix Restaurant.Either-or-Either you or I can go th
15、ere tomorrow.subject I either stay at home or go shopping.verb We could choose to eat either noodles or rice.object They are going there either by train or by air.adverbialNeither-nor-Neither you nor I can go there tomorrow.subjectI neither stay at home nor go shopping.verbWe could choose to eat nei
16、ther noodles nor rice.object They are going there neither by train nor by air.adverbialTry to correct the following mistakes if any When the girl is happy,she either sings or dances.Either my uncle or my parents is going there tomorrow.Neither they nor she is good at drawing.He does not do it,either
17、 does he try.Either of the films is good.There were trees and flowers on either side of the street.areneither If you dont go to the party,I dont too.Are either you or I going there tomorrow?Both dad and mum is at home today.Neither of his cats has been fed.Both he and I are right.eitherare Either 用于
18、句末，表示否定的“也”，类似too Either+noun Either of+noun Either-or-就近原则 Neither 用于句首，表示否定的“也”，倒装（nor）Neither+noun Neither of+noun Neither-nor-就近原则Try to distinguish-Neither teacher often answers the questions.这两个老师，没有一个经常解答问题。Either teacher often answers the questions.这两个老师中有一们常常解答问题。I dont know both his teache
19、rs.他的两位老师我并非都认识。（半否定）I know neither his teachers.他的老师我都不认识。（全否定）Sentence transformation1.Jim doesnt like football.Tom doesnt like football，either.=Jim doesnt like football.Neither（nor）does Tom.=Neither Jim nor Tom likes football.2.He cant speak either Japanese or Chinese.=He can speak neither Japane
20、se nor Chinese.Either you or he has lunch at school.其一般疑问句应为：Do either you or he have lunch at school?是你还是他在学校吃午饭？?both and，too，用于肯定句与neither nor，either，是相反的 Susan likes playing the violin.Shirley likes playing it，too.=Susan likes playing the violin，so does Shirley.=Both Susan and Shirley like playi
21、ng the violin.AmysfamilyandclassmatesB1 Amy is writing about what her family does at the weekend.Help her complete the sentences with the correct conjunctions.1._ my dad _ my mum goes to work at the weekend.We visit my grandparents on Saturdays.2._ my mum _ my grandma are good at cooking.They cook l
22、unch for us.3._ my mum _ my dad does the dishes after lunch.I also help with it.4.In the afternoon,my grandpa and my dad _ play chess _ chat with each other.5.My mum _ helps clean the rooms for my grandparents _ does some shopping for them.Amy and Suzy are talking about what jobs their classmates ca
23、n do in the future.Complete their conversation with the correct conjunctions and the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.B2Amy:Suzy:Amy:Ive learnt about jobs and personalities recently.Really?What jobs do you think our classmates can do in the future?I think Millie would make an excellent teacher
24、.Shes(1)_ willing to work with children _ patient with them.What about Simon?Hes active and good at playing football.I think he can be (2)_ a PE teacher _ a football player.Do you think David and Lisa can be artists?Theyre very organized,but artists should be creative.(3)_ Davids _ Lisas personality
25、(4)_(be)suitable for being an artist,Im afraid.Who can be a manager?(5)_ Judy _ Paul (6)_(be)very confident and energetic.I think they can be managers.How can I learn about jobs and personalities?You can read about them (7)_ from some books _ on the Internet.Suzy:Amy:Suzy:Amy:Suzy:Amy:Suzy:Amy:巩固练习：
26、()1.Can I park my car here？Yes，you can park on()side of the street.（苏州市）A.either B.neither C.both D.all()2.We asked John and Henry some easy questions，but()of them could answer them.（上海市）A.none B.both C.all D.neither()3.Which is more useful，biology or chemistry？I think()them are useful.（广州市）A.either
27、 of B.none of C.both of D.all of()4.()Lily()Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home.（吉林省）A.Not only；but also B.Neither；nor C.Both；and D.Either；orADCD正误辨析正误辨析1.1.误误 Both my parents are not here.They went to the concert just now.Both my parents are not here.They went to the concert
28、just now.正正 Neither of my parents is here.They went to the concert just now.Neither of my parents is here.They went to the concert just now.析析 在英语中在英语中bothboth一般用于肯定句中，如用于否定句中，其意义也不同于一般用于肯定句中，如用于否定句中，其意义也不同于汉语，如：汉语，如：Both of us are not right.Both of us are not right.在英语中应被理解为在英语中应被理解为 我们俩不都对。我们俩不都对。
29、而而Neither of us is rightNeither of us is right。才能被理解为才能被理解为 我们俩无一正确我们俩无一正确。2.2.误误 He or his parents has some tickets for the film.He or his parents has some tickets for the film.正正 He or his parents have some tickets for the film.He or his parents have some tickets for the film.析析 由由or or 连接两主语时，谓语动
30、词应与相临近的那一个主语保持一致。连接两主语时，谓语动词应与相临近的那一个主语保持一致。3.3.误误 You should study hard,and you wont pass the exam.You should study hard,and you wont pass the exam.正正 You should study hard,or you wont pass the exam.You should study hard,or you wont pass the exam.析析 or or作为连词，这里的意思为作为连词，这里的意思为 否则否则。又如：。又如：Hurry up,
31、or youll be Hurry up,or youll be late for school.late for school.4.4.误误 Though he is poor,but he is ready to help others.Though he is poor,but he is ready to help others.正正 Though he is poor,he is ready to help others.Though he is poor,he is ready to help others.正正 He is poor,but he is ready to help
32、 others.He is poor,but he is ready to help others.析析 虽然虽然但是但是 是中文中的常用结构，但在英文中用了是中文中的常用结构，但在英文中用了 虽然虽然 则不要则不要用用 但是但是，用了，用了 但是但是 则不能再用则不能再用 虽然虽然，二者只可用其一。，二者只可用其一。正误辨析正误辨析5.5.误误 Either you or I are on duty.Either you or I are on duty.正正 Either you or I am on duty.Either you or I am on duty.析析 eitheror
33、eitheror 连接两个主语时，其谓语动词与相临近的一个主语相呼应，连接两个主语时，其谓语动词与相临近的一个主语相呼应，这也叫作就近原则。类似的用法还有这也叫作就近原则。类似的用法还有or,neither nor,not onlybut alsoor,neither nor,not onlybut also等。等。6.6.误误 Tom is our English teacher and teaching English in our school Tom is our English teacher and teaching English in our school now.now.正正
34、Tom is our English teacher and is teaching English in our school Tom is our English teacher and is teaching English in our school now.now.析析 并列句中常常在后面的句子中作一些省略，以免重复，但不是所有词并列句中常常在后面的句子中作一些省略，以免重复，但不是所有词都可作任意的省略的。当你连接的是两个系动词时，后面的那个系动词不可省都可作任意的省略的。当你连接的是两个系动词时，后面的那个系动词不可省略，也就是讲连接的部分不可省略。略，也就是讲连接的部分不可省略
35、。7.7.误误 My father likes swimming and to collect stamps.My father likes swimming and to collect stamps.正正 My father likes swimming and collecting stamps.My father likes swimming and collecting stamps.析析 由并列连词连接的两个部分要保持相等的语法结构。如是动名词则都由并列连词连接的两个部分要保持相等的语法结构。如是动名词则都用动名词，如用不定式则都应用不定式，这是初学者要注意的一点。用动名词，如用不
36、定式则都应用不定式，这是初学者要注意的一点。正误辨析正误辨析8.8.误误 We will go both to Beijing and Shanghai.We will go both to Beijing and Shanghai.正正 We will go to both Beijing and Shanghai.We will go to both Beijing and Shanghai.析析 用用bothandbothand作连接词时，其相连接的部分结构也要相同。作连接词时，其相连接的部分结构也要相同。9.9.误误 Not only Mary but also her brother
37、s is going to dance.Not only Mary but also her brothers is going to dance.正正 Not only Mary but also her brothers are going to dance.Not only Mary but also her brothers are going to dance.析析 由由not only but alsonot only but also连接两个主语时，其重点在其后面的那一个主连接两个主语时，其重点在其后面的那一个主语，所以谓语形式应采用就近原则。语，所以谓语形式应采用就近原则。10
38、.10.误误 Tom does not swim nor play football.Tom does not swim nor play football.正正 Tom does not swim or play football.Tom does not swim or play football.析析 nor nor主要用于连接句子的对等连词，如在否定句中连接某一部分时要主要用于连接句子的对等连词，如在否定句中连接某一部分时要用用or,or,但要注意句子的含意，如：但要注意句子的含意，如：This animal does not like a cow or a horse.This an
39、imal does not like a cow or a horse.这个动物既不像牛也不像马。这个动物既不像牛也不像马。This animal does not like a cow but a horse.This animal does not like a cow but a horse.这这个动物不像牛而像马。个动物不像牛而像马。Choosetherightverbformtocompletethesentences.1.Bothmybrothers_inItaly.(lives/live)2.Neitherofhisparents_butterandcheese.(likes/l
40、ike)3.NeitherJohnnorMary_athome.(was/were)4.BothPeterandMikeoften_footballmatchbutneitherofthem_footballverywell.(watches/watch)(plays/play)5.EitheryouorI_goingtocooksuppertonight.(are/am)6.Eithermyfatherormymother_dinner.BothmybrotherandI_themonweekends.(cooks/cook)(helps/help)7.Allthepeopleinmyfam
41、ily_thehousework.(does/do)livelikeswaswatchplaysamcookshelpdoFillintheblankswith“eitherorneithernorboth(and)1.Myfatherandmymotherare_teachers.Theyteachinthesameschool.2._he_shecanjoinus.Wewantbothofthem.3.Thetrousersare_tooshort_toolong.Neitherofthemistherightsize.4.Sheis_Chinese_Japanese.Shecomesfr
42、omKorea.5.Everyonehelpsparentswiththehouseworkbecausemyparents_work.bothEitheroreitherorneithernorbothFillintheblankswiththeproperverbforms1.Eitheryourmotheroryourfather_(be)aworker.2.Eithertheyorhe_(be)astudent.3.NeitheryounorTom_(have)thisbook.4.Bothyourparentsandyoursister_(be)athome.isishasareGoodbye
