1、 M3U3 Back to the pastReading:Lost civilizationsLanguage points Who took over Pompeii in 89 BC?Who took over Pompeii in 89 BC?The Romans.The Romans.Many people were buried alive when a volcano nearby Many people were buried alive when a volcano nearby erupted.What about the city?erupted.What about t
2、he city?People were buried and so was the city.People were buried and so was the city.Even though the ash covered the people,their bodies were Even though the ash covered the people,their bodies were still well kept,werent they?still well kept,werent they?No.their bodies broke down.No.their bodies b
3、roke down.Lost civilizations PompeiiLost civilizations Loulan What is What is LoulanLoulan known as?known as?Chinas Pompeii.Chinas Pompeii.What is believed to have covered the city?What is believed to have covered the city?Sandstorms.Sandstorms.What resulted in the city being buried by sand?What res
4、ulted in the city being buried by sand?Peoples cutting down trees.Peoples cutting down trees.u LoulanLoulan is known asis known as Chinas Pompeii.Chinas Pompeii.u In 89 BC,the Romans In 89 BC,the Romans took over took over Pompeii.Pompeii.u Many people were buried alive andMany people were buried al
5、ive andso wasso was the city.the city.u It It turns outturns out that after the ash covered that after the ash covered the people,their bodies nearly the people,their bodies nearly completely completely broke downbroke down.u The city The city is believed tois believed to have been have been gradual
6、ly covered over by sandstorms.gradually covered over by sandstorms.u People cut down trees whichPeople cut down trees whichresulted inresulted in the city being buried by the city being buried by sand.sand.LanguageLanguagepointspointsl be known asl take overl So was the city.l turn outl break downl
7、be believed to do/have done/be doing/l result inis known asis known astook overtook overso wasso wasturns outturns outbroke downbroke downis believed tois believed toresulted inresulted inL4Note the difference between“as/for”:Note the difference between“as/for”:l be known as what be known as what sb
8、sb/sthsth is isl be known for what be known for what sbsb does/what does/what happenshappensPlease say something about what Please say something about what somebody/something is famous for/as.somebody/something is famous for/as.Two examples:Two examples:LanguageLanguagepointspointsl be known asl tak
9、e overl So was the city.l turn outl break downl be believed to do/have done/be doing/l result inLoulanLoulanAncient RomansAncient Romans In 89 BC,the Romans got control of In 89 BC,the Romans got control of Pompeii.Pompeii.In 89 BC,the Romans _ _ In 89 BC,the Romans _ _ Pompeii.Pompeii.In 89 BC,Pomp
10、eii _ _ In 89 BC,Pompeii _ _ _ by the Romans._ by the Romans.Translate:Translate:1.1.罢工工人罢工工人(strikers)(strikers)控制了工厂。控制了工厂。The strikers took over the factories.The strikers took over the factories.2.2.他离开以后他离开以后,她接替了他的工作。她接替了他的工作。She took over his work after his She took over his work after his de
11、parture.departure.LanguageLanguagepointspointsl be known asl take overl So was the city.l turn outl break downl be believed to do/have done/be doing/l result intook overwastakenoverL8L11If If sbsb/sthsth does the same thing or is in the does the same thing or is in the same state as the previous one
12、,we use this same state as the previous one,we use this structure structure so+aux.v.(so+aux.v.(助动词助动词)+S)+SExamples Examples With so many guest teachers sitting With so many guest teachers sitting behind,you are nervous and _ behind,you are nervous and _(我也是我也是).).I went to visit Pompeii last year
13、and I went to visit Pompeii last year and _(_(我的朋友也是我的朋友也是).).LanguageLanguagepointspointsl be known asl take overl So was the city.l turn outl break downl be believed to do/have done/be doing/l result inso am Iso did my friendThe kitten,the puppy.I know English is a must to a modern youth so I work
14、 hard at it.So do I.The man,the dog.L11However,we sometimes use this structure However,we sometimes use this structure so+S+did/does/be so+S+did/does/be to emphasize that to emphasize that sbsb really does really does sthsth/is in a/is in a state.state.Note the difference Note the difference 1.1.I h
15、ear Pompeii became a lost I hear Pompeii became a lost civilization long ago.civilization long ago._(So it did/So did it)._(So it did/So did it).2.2.Pompeii became a lost civilization Pompeii became a lost civilization long ago.long ago._(So did _(So did LoulanLoulan/So/So LoulanLoulan did).did).Lan
16、guageLanguagepointspointsl be known asl take overl So was the city.l turn outl break downl be believed to do/have done/be doing/l result inI know English is a must to a modern youth so I work hard at it.So do I.Youre reading English news about a new case of H7N9?So They say the virus will infect(感染感
17、染)us cats and dogs.So I am.So So it will.We should be careful.If you need to express If you need to express sbsb doesnt do doesnt do sthsth either,you use this structure either,you use this structure neither/nor+did/does/be +Sneither/nor+did/does/be +SComplete the sentences.Complete the sentences.1.
18、1.Kitten:I wont give up learning English.Kitten:I wont give up learning English.Puppy:_(Puppy:_(我也不会我也不会).).2.2.Kitten:I didnt play chatting on QQ last Kitten:I didnt play chatting on QQ last night and _.night and _.(小狗狗也没有小狗狗也没有).).LanguageLanguagepointspointsl be known asl take overl So was the ci
19、ty.l turn outl break downl be believed to do/have done/be doing/l result inNeither/Nor will I.neither/nor did the puppyL11L22We use We use turn out turn out to mean that something to mean that something has an unexpected result.has an unexpected result.We usually say We usually say turn out to be tu
20、rn out to be It turns/turned out that clause.It turns/turned out that clause.Complete the sentences:Complete the sentences:We had expected it would rain that We had expected it would rain that afternoon,but the weather afternoon,but the weather _(_(结果天气很好结果天气很好).).I worked with him for weeks and it
21、I worked with him for weeks and it _(结果他是个著名的科学家结果他是个著名的科学家).).LanguageLanguagepointspointsl be known asl take overl So was the city.l turn outl break downl be believed to do/have done/be doing/l result inturned out to be fineturned out that he was a famous scientistDescribe the movie clip by using
22、turn out.沙坑：沙坑：sandpit运动员：运动员：athlete陷阱：陷阱：trapWe can use We can use break down break down to mean many to mean many things things Our car Our car broke downbroke down and we had to push and we had to push it off the road.it off the road.Pressure from his work has made his Pressure from his work has
23、 made his health health break downbreak down.Its really hard for plastics to Its really hard for plastics to break downbreak down in water.in water.The police tried to The police tried to break downbreak down the the prisoners opposition.prisoners opposition.Peace talks have Peace talks have broken
24、downbroken down in the in the Middle East.Middle East.LanguageLanguagepointspointsl be known asl take overl So was the city.l turn outl break downl be believed to do/have done/be doing/l result in抛锚抛锚垮掉垮掉分解分解镇压镇压失败失败L23L32 People believe that People believe that It is believed that It is believed th
25、at be believed to be believed to dodo be doingbe doing have donehave donePractice it.Practice it.LanguageLanguagepointspointsl be known asl take overl So was the city.l turn outl break downl be believed to do/have done/be doing/l result inMargaret Thatcher(19252013)an iron lady(铁娘子铁娘子)made greatest
26、contributions to the UK All the people in the UK are mourning(哀悼哀悼)for her now.L44result in:to cause a particular situation to result in:to cause a particular situation to happenhappenRemind you of its synonyms Remind you of its synonyms cause,lead to,contribute tocause,lead to,contribute toLook at
27、the pictures and try to think Look at the pictures and try to think of what they will result in.of what they will result in.LanguageLanguagepointspointsl be known asl take overl So was the city.l turn outl break downl be believed to do/have done/be doing/l result inSmoking Drunk driving Playing comp
28、uter games too much u LoulanLoulan is known asis known as Chinas Pompeii.Chinas Pompeii.u In 89 BC,the Romans In 89 BC,the Romans took over took over Pompeii.Pompeii.u Many people were buried alive andMany people were buried alive andso wasso was the city.the city.u It It turns outturns out that aft
29、er the ash covered that after the ash covered the people,their bodies nearly the people,their bodies nearly completely completely broke downbroke down.u The city The city is believed tois believed to have been have been gradually covered over by sandstorms.gradually covered over by sandstorms.u Peop
30、le cut down trees whichPeople cut down trees whichresulted inresulted in the city being buried by the city being buried by sand.sand.LanguageLanguagepointspointsl be known asl take overl So was the city.l turn outl break downl be believed to do/have done/be doing/l result inis known asis known astoo
31、k overtook overso wasso wasturns outturns outbroke downbroke downis believed tois believed toresulted inresulted inNote the difference between“as/for”:Note the difference between“as/for”:l be known as what be known as what sbsb/sthsth is isl be known for what be known for what sbsb does/what does/wh
32、at happenshappensAn example An example LanguageLanguagepointspointsl be known asl take overl So was the city.l turn outl break downl be believed to do/have done/be doing/l result intake over=get control oftake over=get control of In 89 BC,the Romans got control of In 89 BC,the Romans got control of
33、Pompeii.Pompeii.In 89 BC,the Romans _ _ In 89 BC,the Romans _ _ Pompeii.Pompeii.Translate:Translate:他离开以后他离开以后,她接替了他的工作。她接替了他的工作。She took over his work after his She took over his work after his departure.departure.LanguageLanguagepointspointsl be known asl take overl So was the city.l turn outl bre
34、ak downl be believed to do/have done/be doing/l result intook overIf If sbsb/sthsth does the same thing or is in the does the same thing or is in the same state as the previous one,we use this same state as the previous one,we use this structure structure so+aux.v.(so+aux.v.(助动词助动词)+S)+SExamples Exa
35、mples With so many guest teachers sitting With so many guest teachers sitting behind,you are nervous and _ behind,you are nervous and _(我也是我也是).).I went to visit Pompeii last year and I went to visit Pompeii last year and _(_(我的朋友也是我的朋友也是).).LanguageLanguagepointspointsl be known asl take overl So w
36、as the city.l turn outl break downl be believed to do/have done/be doing/l result inso am Iso did my friendHowever,we sometimes use this structure However,we sometimes use this structure so+S+did/does/be so+S+did/does/be to emphasize that to emphasize that sbsb really does really does sthsth/is in a
37、/is in a state.state.Note the difference Note the difference 1.1.I hear Pompeii became a lost I hear Pompeii became a lost civilization long ago.civilization long ago._(So it did/So did it)._(So it did/So did it).2.2.Pompeii became a lost civilization Pompeii became a lost civilization long ago.long
38、 ago._(So did _(So did LoulanLoulan/So/So LoulanLoulan did).did).LanguageLanguagepointspointsl be known asl take overl So was the city.l turn outl break downl be believed to do/have done/be doing/l result inI know English is a must to a modern youth so I work hard at it.So do I.Youre reading English
39、 news about a new case of H7N9?So They say the virus will infect us cats and dogs.So I am.So it will.We should be careful.If you need to express If you need to express sbsb doesnt do doesnt do sthsth either,you use this structure either,you use this structure neither/nor+did/does/be +Sneither/nor+di
40、d/does/be +SComplete the sentences.Complete the sentences.1.1.Kitten:I wont give up learning English.Kitten:I wont give up learning English.Puppy:_(Puppy:_(我也不会我也不会).).2.2.Kitten:I didnt play chatting on QQ last Kitten:I didnt play chatting on QQ last night and _.night and _.(小狗狗也没有小狗狗也没有).).Languag
41、eLanguagepointspointsl be known asl take overl So was the city.l turn outl break downl be believed to do/have done/be doing/l result inNeither/Nor will I.neither/nor did the puppyWe use We use turn out turn out to mean that something to mean that something has an unexpected result.has an unexpected
42、result.We usually say We usually say turn out to be turn out to be It turns/turned out that clause.It turns/turned out that clause.Examples:Examples:We had expected it would rain that We had expected it would rain that afternoon,but it _ afternoon,but it _(结果天气很好结果天气很好).).I worked with him for weeks
43、 and it I worked with him for weeks and it _(结果他是个著名的科学家结果他是个著名的科学家).).LanguageLanguagepointspointsl be known asl take overl So was the city.l turn outl break downl be believed to do/have done/be doing/l result inturned out to be fineturned out that he was a famous scientistWe can use We can use bre
44、ak down break down to mean many to mean many things things Our car Our car broke downbroke down and we had to push and we had to push it off the road.it off the road.Pressure from his work has made his Pressure from his work has made his health health break downbreak down.Its really hard for plastic
45、s to Its really hard for plastics to break downbreak down in water.in water.The police tried to The police tried to break downbreak down the the prisoners opposition.prisoners opposition.Peace talks have Peace talks have broken downbroken down in the in the Middle East.Middle East.LanguageLanguagepo
46、intspointsl be known asl take overl So was the city.l turn outl break downl be believed to do/have done/be doing/l result in抛锚抛锚垮掉垮掉分解分解镇压镇压失败失败 People believe that People believe that It is believed that It is believed that be believed to be believed to dodo be doingbe doing have donehave doneLangu
47、ageLanguagepointspointsl be known asl take overl So was the city.l turn outl break downl be believed to do/have done/be doing/l result in Margaret Thatcher is believed to be an iron lady/one of the best prime ministers in the UK history.She is believed to have made greatest contributions to the UK.A
48、ll the people in the UK are believed to be mourning for her.result in:result in:to cause a particular situation to to cause a particular situation to happen happenSynonyms Synonyms cause,lead to,contribute tocause,lead to,contribute toExamples Examples LanguageLanguagepointspointsl be known asl take
49、 overl So was the city.l turn outl break downl be believed to do/have done/be doing/l result inSmoking results in bad health.Drunk driving results in accidents.Addiction to net games results in failure in school.Like challenges?Here is a good one!Here is a good one!The Great Wall is known _ the long
50、est wall in China.as If you go there tomorrow,so _ I.shall/will She _ _(接管接管)as manager two weeks ago.took over My computer _ _ the other day.(break out/break down/break up)broke down 长江被认为是中国最长的河流。长江被认为是中国最长的河流。The Yangzi river is believed to be the longest river in China.The pyramids in Egypt turn
