1、Unit 5 First aid Learning about Language1.Discover useful words and expressions.2.Learn the grammar:Ellipsis (省略）省略）.Learning aims省略句省略句 First degree burns turn white when pressed.Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.Leading-in Ellipsis (省略）省略）为了使语言简洁或避免重复、突出新信息
2、并使上为了使语言简洁或避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接，省略句中的一个或几个句子成分，这下文紧密连接，省略句中的一个或几个句子成分，这种语法现象称为省略。省略在语言中，尤其在对话中，种语法现象称为省略。省略在语言中，尤其在对话中，是一种十分普遍的语法现象。是一种十分普遍的语法现象。Examples in the textIf possible,discuss what kind of first aid you should give in these situations.Turn white when pressed.May be pain around edge of the in
3、jured area.Dry the burned area gently.Look at these sentences.Decide with your partner which words have been left out.Please complete them.A.Sounds like a good idea.B.Doesnt matter.C.This way,please.D.Like some more tea?E.Pity you cant come.F.Ill be glad to if invited to the party.G.Do you know her
4、telephone number?No,Ive forgotten.H.What a beautiful picture!简单句中的省略简单句中的省略1.在对话中在对话中 How is your mother today?(She is)Much better.2.在祈使句中在祈使句中(You)Open the door,please.3.在感叹句中在感叹句中What a(good)boy(he is)!How(hard)they are working!4.表示讲话人的意见和看法表示讲话人的意见和看法(It)Sounds fine to me.(Its a)Pity you couldnt
5、come.5.提问提问(Is there)Anything wrong?(Have you)Found the bike?6.名词所有格修饰的名词若表示名词所有格修饰的名词若表示店铺、住宅、教堂店铺、住宅、教堂或上下文已暗示或明确指出过的事物或上下文已暗示或明确指出过的事物At her mothers(house)she passed many happy days.并列句中的省略并列句中的省略1.后面分句中与前面相同的部分常被省略。后面分句中与前面相同的部分常被省略。She was poor but(she was)honest.2.有时并列句中的省略部分出现在后面的分句中，有时并列句中的省
6、略部分出现在后面的分句中，看完最后一个分句才能掌握全句的完整意义。看完最后一个分句才能掌握全句的完整意义。Mary can(speak English)and Mary ought to speak English.1.在状语从句中在状语从句中(1)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且从句中含且从句中含系动词系动词be时时,可以省略状语从句中的主语和系动词可以省略状语从句中的主语和系动词be,这时从句中可出现如下结构这时从句中可出现如下结构:连词连词(as,as if,once)+名词名词Once(he was)a teacher,he now works in
7、 a government office.连词连词(though,whether,when)+形容词形容词Work hard when(you are)young,or youll regret.复合句中的省略复合句中的省略连词连词(when,while,though)+现在分词现在分词 While(I was)walking along the street,I heard my name called.连词连词(when,if,even if,unless,once,until,than,as)+过去分词过去分词连词连词(as if,as though)+不定式不定式1.Video gam
8、es can be a poor influence if_(leave)in the wrong hands.2.If _(accept)for the job,youll be informed soon.3.Children,when_(accompany)by their parents,are allowed to enter the stadium.【即学即练即学即练】单句语法填空单句语法填空leftacceptedaccompanied 1.He dressed up and went to the party as if was invited.2.Once breaking,
9、the glass can not hold water.【即学即练即学即练】单句改错。单句改错。broken(2)当从句主语是当从句主语是 it,谓语动词又含有系动词谓语动词又含有系动词be时时,可可以把以把it和系动词和系动词be一起省略。此时构成连词一起省略。此时构成连词(if,unless,when,whenever)+形容词的结构。例如：形容词的结构。例如：Unless(it is)necessary,youd better not refer to the dictionary.另外另外,我们还可以用我们还可以用so或或not代替上文内容代替上文内容,此时可用此时可用if+so/n
10、ot。Get up early tomorrow.If not(you dont get up early),you will miss the early bus.He may not be at home then,if so(he is not at home),leave him a note.注意注意:hope只能用只能用I hope not不能用不能用I dont hope so.另外常见的还有：另外常见的还有：I guess not;I dont think so.【即学即练即学即练】The climate here is quite pleasant,the temperatu
11、re rarely,if ever,reaching 30 in summer.这儿气候宜人这儿气候宜人,_,夏天温度也夏天温度也很少达到很少达到30摄氏度。摄氏度。如果曾经有过如果曾经有过(高温高温)的话的话【即学即练即学即练】单句语法填空单句语法填空1.After living in a village for so long,Kathy wont want to move to a big city.I dont imagine_.2.You havent lost the ticket,have you?I hope _.I know its not easy to get anoth
12、er one the moment.sonot(3)在在than或或 asas 引导的从句中引导的从句中,一些成分在上下文一些成分在上下文清楚的情况下常被省略。清楚的情况下常被省略。He has made greater progress than(he did)before/ever.He came home earlier than(he was)expected.She works as hard as young people(work).(4)不定式省略不定式省略,单独使用不定式符号单独使用不定式符号to。在在expect,forget,hope,intend,like,love,m
13、ean,prefer,refuse,seem,try,want,wish等后面。例如等后面。例如:I asked him to see the film，but he didnt want to.在在have,need,ought,be going,used等后面。等后面。我请他去看电影，可是他不去。我请他去看电影，可是他不去。在某些形容词在某些形容词pleased,glad,happy 等后面。等后面。Will you join the game?Id be glad to.你会加入这场游戏吗？你会加入这场游戏吗？我很乐意。我很乐意。否定形式的省略用否定形式的省略用not to。如果不定式中
14、含有如果不定式中含有be,have,have been,通常保留通常保留be,have和和have been。例如。例如:He hasnt finished yet.Well,he ought to have.他还没完成呢。他还没完成呢。他本该已经完成了。他本该已经完成了。1.Would you like to go to the Grand Theatre with me tonight?Id like to go,but I have an exam tomorrow2.Does your brother intend to study German?Yes,he intends.【即学即
15、练即学即练】单句改错单句改错to 2.在限制性定语从句中在限制性定语从句中 作宾语的关系代词作宾语的关系代词that，which,whom可以省略可以省略;在以在以the same.as和和such.as引导的定语从句中引导的定语从句中,可可以省略与主句相同的部分以省略与主句相同的部分;the way后面的定语从句后面的定语从句中中,可以省略可以省略that,in which;在含被动语态的定语从在含被动语态的定语从句中句中,关系代词作主语时关系代词作主语时,可以省略关系代词和可以省略关系代词和be,省省略之后变成过去分词短语作定语。略之后变成过去分词短语作定语。3.宾语从句中的省略宾语从句中
16、的省略(1)在宾语从句中在宾语从句中,连词连词that一般可以省略；一般可以省略；但如果是由但如果是由that引导的两个或两个以上的并列的宾语引导的两个或两个以上的并列的宾语从句从句,那么只有第一个那么只有第一个that可以省略。可以省略。(2)由由which,when,where,how和和why引导的宾语从句，引导的宾语从句，可以全部或部分省略。可以全部或部分省略。He told me(that)he was ill and that he couldnt go to work the next day.I know that Yao Ming will come to our city
17、but I dont know when(he will come to our city).4.在在 if 引导的虚拟条件句中引导的虚拟条件句中 在在 if 引导的虚拟条件句中含有引导的虚拟条件句中含有had,were,should时时,可以把可以把had,were,should放在句首，省略放在句首，省略 if。Should it rain tomorrow,we would put off the meeting till next week.如果明天下雨的话，我们就会把会议推迟到下周。如果明天下雨的话，我们就会把会议推迟到下周。单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1.Arent you the
18、 manager?No,and I dont want_(be).2.Wont you have another try?Yes,I_.3.I was wondering if we could go skiing on the weekend._(sound)good.to be Class exerciseswillSounds 4.If _(possibility),I will help you with your work.5.When _(complete),the museum will be open to the public the next pleted possible Homework Do more exercises to consolidate what we learned.Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand.脑中有知识胜于手中有金钱。
