1、Chapter 6 Respiratory System呼吸系统呼吸系统 abdomin/o-abdomen abdominal pertaining to the abdomenabdominoscopy -scopy visual examination,hence that of the abdomenabdominocystic cyst/o the gallbladder,hence pertaining to the abdominal gallbladderalveo/o-alveolusalveolar -ar pertaining to,hence pertaining to
2、 alveolusalveolitis -itis inflammation,hence inflammation of alveolusalveolocapillary alveolus and capillaryambi-both(二二;两方两方)ambiguous pertaining to something that can be understood in both ways,unclear in meaningambisexual pertaining to both sexesambidexterity dextro-right;right hand,hence the abi
3、lity of using both hands with equal easebronch/o-bronchus(支气管支气管)bronchitis inflammation of bronchusbronchoscopy visual examination of brinchi using a bronchoscopy bronchiectasis -ectasis expansion,hence dilation of the bronchioles-capnia-carbon dioxide(二氧化碳二氧化碳)hypercapnia excessive carbon dioxide
4、in the bloodeucapnia eu-normal;hence normal levels of carbon dioxide in the tissueshypocapnia low carbon dioxide in the bloodcyan/o-blue(蓝蓝;青紫青紫;绀绀)cyanosis -osis abnormal condition;hence abnormal blue color of the skincyanopathy=cyanosiscyanobacterium blue colored bacterium(藻青菌藻青菌)di-two (两两;二二;双双)
5、dioxide oxide 氧化物氧化物,hence an oxide containing two atoms of oxygen in the moleculedicyclic pertaining to two cyclesdicytosis-cytosis condition of cells,hence the condition of the two kinds of cells-ectasis-expansion;dilation (扩张扩张;膨胀膨胀)bronchiectasis dilation of bronchiatelectasis atel/o incomplete,
6、hence,incomplete expansion of the lung tissue(肺膨胀不全肺膨胀不全)pneumonectasis pneumon/o lung,hence expansion of the lung tissue(肺气肿肺气肿)-ema-conditionempyema em-in;py/o pus,hence a collection of pusemphysema emphys to inflate,hence chronic lung disease characterized by the enlargement and destruction of al
7、veoli-ema-condition edema swelling and fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles as in pulmonary edemaepiglott/o-epiglottis(会厌会厌)epiglottis a leaf-shaped cartilage that covers larynx during swallowingepiglottiditis inflammation of epiglottisepiglottectomy surgical removal of epiglottisinter-between inte
8、rcostal cost/o ribs,hence pertaining to areas between ribsinterstitial -stitial to set,hence situated between cellular components of an organ or structure (间质的间质的)intermittent stopping and starting (间歇的间歇的)laryng/o-larynx,voice box laryngoplasty -plasty surgical repair,hence surgical repair of the l
9、arynxlaryngectomy -ectomy surgical removal，hence removal of the larynxlaryng/o-larynx,voice box laryngo tracheo bronch itis tracheo-trachea，hence inflammation of the laryngotracheobronchuslob/o-lobe(of the lung)lobes divisions of the lungslobar pertaining to a lobe of the lungslobectomy surgical rem
10、oval of a lobe of the lung macro-large macrophage -phage swallow，hence the huge cell which feeds on bacteriamacromolecule a very large moleculemacrocyte an abnormally large red blood cell (大红细胞大红细胞)meta-changemetastasize to pass from one part of the body to other unrelated ones as a malignant cell d
11、oesmetastatic pertaining to metastasismetastasectomy surgical removal of a metastasized tumormedi-middlemediastinum a membrane that separates the lungs of the two pleural sacs(中隔膜；纵隔中隔膜；纵隔)mediastinoscopy visual examination of the mediastinummediastinogram an X-ray film of the mediastinum-osmia-smel
12、lanosmia a-/an-without,hence lack of sense of smellanosmatic -ic pertaining to,hence pertaining to smellhyperosmia high sensitive sense of smell-oxia-level of oxygenhypoxia condition of reduced oxygen levelsanoxia lack of oxygen in the tissuehyperoxia excess oxygen in the tissueox/o-oxygenhypoxemia
13、-emia blood condition，hence reduced oxygen level in the bloodoxyacid an acid containing oxygen oxygenate to unite or combine with oxygenpleur/o-pleurapleuritis inflammation of the pleurapleurodynia -dynia pain；hence pain of the pleurapleural pertaining to the pleura-pnea-breathingdyspnea dys-bad，pai
14、nful，difficult；hence painful or difficult breathinghyperpnea an increase in the depth of breathingtachypnea tachy fast，hence excessively rapid but shallow breathing；hyperventilationpneumon/o-lung;airPneum/opneumonia a lung condition (infection)pneumothorax abnormal presence of air in the pleural cav
15、ity resulting in the collapse of the lungpneumon/o-lung;airpneumoconiosis coni/o dust；-sis condition；hence a lung disease caused by inhalation of dust or other particles；black lungpseud/o-falsepseudotumor changes in function and structure simulating those in tumor (假性肿瘤假性肿瘤)pseudopregnancy changes i
16、n function and structure simulating those in pregnancy (假性妊娠假性妊娠)pseud/o-false pseudoedema changes in function and structure simulating those in edema (假性水肿假性水肿)-ptysis-spittinghemoptysis spitting bloodemptysis =hemoptysismelanoptysis melan/o black，hence spitting black phlegmsin/o-sinus;sinus cavity
17、sinography -grapy recording，hence x-ray recording of the sinusessinusitis inflammation of the sinus cavityparanasal-sinus para-near；nas/o-nose,hence air-containing cavity in the bone near the nose-stasis-control;stoppagemetastasis meta-change；hence spreading of a malignant tumor to a secondary organ
18、 or locationhemostasis stoppage of the flow of blood by mechanical meanshemostasia methods of stopping flow of bloodthorac/o-chestthoracoplasty surgical repair of the thoraxthoracic pertaining to the chestthoracentesis -centesis puncture,hence use of a needle to puncture the chest wall to collect fl
19、uid from the pleural cavity for diagnostic testingtonsill/o-tonsil tonsillectomy surgical removal of the oropharyngeal(palatine)tonsilstonsillitis inflammation of the tonsilstonsillar pertaining the tonsilstrache/o-tracheatracheotomy surgical incision into the tracheatracheal pertaining to the trach
20、eatracheostomy -stomy surgical opening,hence cutting of an opening through the neck into trachea and insertion of a tube to facilitate passage of air or removal of secretiontubercul/o-small swellingtuberculosis infection caused by mycobacterium often affecting the lungstuberculous pertaining to tuberculosistuberculoma tuberculous tumor
