1、Lesson 39 Nothing to worry about rough adj.(no smooth)崎岖不平的；粗糙的，粗略的；粗野的 粗略的草稿 rough draft rough idea 大致的想法 be rough on sb对某人苛刻、无礼-Dont be rough on your friends.cut up rough 发脾气-Wed better not cut up rough.pit v.使变得坑坑洼洼 n.坑，陷阱-Smallpox scars had pitted his face.-生天花后留下的疤痕使得他的脸坑坑洼洼的。A fall into a pit,
2、a gain in your wit.吃一堑，长一智。(钱钟书译）perturb v.（very upset）使不安 His threats didnt perturb her in the least.be perturbed about/at sth.因.而不安-I am perturbed about my parents health.词根turb 表示“打乱”：disturb 搅乱 turbulent 骚乱的 underestimate v.低估-You underestimated his play,its really fantastic.estimate v.估计 粗略的估计
3、rough estimate 高估 overestimate swerve v.急转向-The car swerved to the right.swerve from 背离-I will never swerve from my declared policy on this matter.-我决不背离我已经宣布的在这个问题上的政策。scoop v.（用勺子）挖出，铲出-She scooped out some sugar.make a scoop（口）走运，赚大钱，抢先得到新闻-That guy made a scoop.hammer v.（用锤）击打，捶打 n.铁锤，榔头-一群记者在砰砰
4、敲那扇门。-A crowd of reporters was hammering on the door.under the hammer 被拍卖，在拍卖 hammer and tongs （tong 钳子）全力以赴地-I will study English hammer and tongs.锤子和镰刀（中国共产党党旗图案）hammer and sickles ominously adv有预兆地 ominous adj-Look at those ominous black clouds.同：omen n./v预示着，预兆-This is a good/bad omen-The clouds
5、 omen rain.rip v.（tear）用力地撕开 -Rip the letter open.rip ones mask away let things rip=let things be rip into攻击 rip off(=steal)偷窃 rip up the back (美国俚语）背后说坏话 petrol n.汽油 petroleum 石油 Sinopetrol 中国石油（Sinopec 中国石化）Sino中国的（拉丁语系）China 古印度语系 Sina 新浪 加油站 petrol station（英式英语）（美式英语）gas station stretch n.一大片 a
6、stretch of land a stretch of water at a stretch连续地，不停顿地-We worked for hours at a stretch.-He is unable to work for long stretches.也可作动词：stretch out伸出-He stretched out his hand to get the apple.stretch 到了极限-春节期间交通运输到了极限。-Transport was rather stretched in the Spring Festival.obstacle n.障碍-Lack of educ
7、ation is an obstacle to success.constitute an obstacle to 构成障碍 constitution n.宪法 remove/overcome an obstacle克服障碍 put obstacle in sbs way 妨碍某人的发展 obstacle to“to”Key/answer/advantage/disadvantage/admission/damage+to 【辨】obstacle/obstruction/hindrance比较：obstacle 阻于途中的物体，也指受阻碍的状况 obstruction 障碍物，阻塞通道的东西-
8、There must be an obstruction in the pipe.hindrance 阻碍事物发展的人或物，重点在妨碍事物的发展-You are more of hindrance than help.clump n.丛，簇 a clump of 一丛，一簇-Do you see clump of trees over there?类：bunch n.串/束 a bunch of flowers 一束花 a bunch of grapes 一串葡萄 cluster n.串/簇 a cluster of v.结成群-The passengers clustered togethe
9、r in small groups.renew v.重复；（使）更新，（使）继续 renew a book 续借一本书 前缀re-1）表示“重新”、“再”：repeat 重复 review复习 rebuild/reconstruction重建 rewrite 再写 reread 再读 reunion团圆，重聚 remarry 再婚 2)表示回或向后”return（回来，返回）recall（回忆，召回）retract（缩回，取回）3)表示相反、反对“rebel（反叛，谋反）reverse（反转，颠倒）resist（反抗，抵抗）plead n.恳求 v.恳求，辩护 plead for 为.辩护-T
10、he lawyer will plead for his innocence.plead against sb.反驳-Im afraid I have to plead against you.gear n.（汽车）排挡，齿轮 reverse gear 倒车档 换挡 gear shifting 加速/减速 speed up/down v.调整，使适合 gear to/towards 调整-对这门课程作了调整，从而更适合学生的特殊要求。-The course had been geared towards the specific needs of students.astride prep.跨
11、在.上 sit astride 骑着（=ride）骑着马 sit astride horse crack n.缝隙，破裂声 The crack of dawn 破晓，黎明时分-She woke up at the crack of dawn.-她一早就醒了。v.（使）破裂，（使）发出爆裂声-那个男孩的手臂骨折了。-The boy has cracked a bone in his arm.zigzag n.“之”字形 adj.“之”字形的 v.使曲折“之”字形道路 zigzag road a zigzag line 曲折线-The road descended the mountain in
12、a series of zigzags.descend-ascend -道路沿着山势呈“之”字形盘下来。grind v.摩擦 把小麦磨成面粉 grind wheat into flour grind sth to pieces 把.弄成碎片 grind ones teeth in anger 气得咬牙切齿 halt n.（暂时的）停（=stop）-They halt for a few e to a halt 停止【辨】1）stop 最普通的用语，可代替cease(formal),halt 2）cease 非常正式的用词，表示中止-The heart will cease to beat wh
13、en life ceased.3）pause 暂停-He paused for a breath.dashboard n.(汽车上的）仪表盘-board表示“板”：blackboard 黑板 backboard 篮板 chessboard 棋盘 breadboard 擀面板 billboard 广告牌 surfboard 冲浪板 Text：（L1）The rough road across the plain soon became so bad that we tried to get Bruce to drive back to the village we had come from.（
14、L1）rough road 崎岖的道路 weather 恶劣的天气 sea 波涛汹涌的大海 temper 火爆脾气 life 艰苦的生活 draft 初稿 estimate 粗略估计 job 粗活 Text：（L2）Even though the road was littered with boulders and pitted with holes,Bruce was not in the least perturbed.（L3）be littered with 布满 相关：be filled with 充满 be stuffed with 塞满 be scattered with 散布着
15、 be dotted with 点缀着 be covered with 覆盖着-Her heart was filled with gratitude.-His head is stuffed with silly romantic ideas.-他满脑子天真的想法。Text：（L4）Glancing at his map,he informed us that the next village was a mere twenty miles away.It was not that Bruce always underestimated difficulties.He simply had
16、no sense of danger at all.（L5）inform sb.of“通知，告知”give notice to sb./notify sb.to do sth./advise sb.of/instruct sb.to do sth./message sb.to do.Text：（L9）As we bumped over the dusty track,we swerved to avoid large boulders.The wheels scooped up stones which hammered ominously under the car.Text：（L10）We
17、 felt sure that sooner or later a stone would rip a hole in our petrol tank or damage the engine.Because of this,we kept looking back,wondering if we were leaving a trail of oil and petrol behind us.Text：（L13）What a relief it was when the boulders suddenly disappeared,giving way to a stretch of plai
18、n where the only obstacles were clumps of bushes.But there was worse to come.Just ahead of us there was a huge fissure.Text：（L15）In response to renewed pleadings,Bruce stopped.Though we all got out to examine the fissure,he remained in the car.We informed him that the fissure extended for fifty yard
19、s and was two feet wide and four feet deep.Even this had no effect.（L15）in response to “回应”make a response to/in answer to/give feedback to/provide sb.with feeback/have feedback from/feed back sth.to Text：（L15）Bruce engaged low gear and drove at a terrifying speed,keeping the front wheels astride th
20、e crack as he followed its zig-zag course.Before we had time to worry about what might happen,we were back on the plain again.Text：（L19）Bruce consulted the map once more and told us that the village was now only fifteen miles away.（L19）consult map 查地图 dictionary 查字典 with sb.和某人商议 sb.about 就征求某人意见 do
21、ctor 看医生 ones pillow 彻夜思考 Text：（L15）Our next obstacle was a shallow pool of water about half a mile across.Bruce charged at it,but in the middle,the car came to a grinding halt.A yellow light on the dash-board flashed angrily and Bruce cheerfully announced that there was no oil in the engine!穿越平原的道路
22、高低不平，开车走了不远，路面愈加崎岖。我们想劝说布鲁斯把车开回我们出发的那个村庄去。尽管路面布满石头，坑坑洼洼，但布鲁斯却一点儿不慌乱。他瞥了一眼地图，告诉我们前面再走不到20英里就是一个村庄。这并不是说布鲁斯总是低估困难，而是他压根儿没有一点儿危险感。他认为不管路面情况如何，车必须以最高速度前进。我们在尘士飞扬的道路上颠簸，车子东拐西弯，以躲开那些大圆石。车轮搅起的石块锤击车身，发出不祥的锤击声。我们想念迟早会飞起一个石块把油箱砸开一个窟窿，或者把发动机砸坏。因此，我们不时地掉过头，怀疑车后是否留下了机油和汽油的痕迹。突然大石块不见了，前面是一片平地，唯一的障碍只有一簇簇灌木丛。这使我们长长
23、地松了口气。但是更糟糕的事情在等着我们，离我们不远处，出现一个大裂缝。我们再次央求布鲁斯小心，他这才把车停了下来。我们纷纷下车察看那个大裂缝，他却呆在车上。我们告诉他那个大裂缝长50码，宽2英尺，深4英尺。这也没有对他产生任何影响。布鲁斯挂上慢档，把两只前轮分别搁在裂缝的两边，顺着弯弯曲曲的裂缝，以发疯的速度向前开去。我们还未来得及担心后果，车已重新开上了平地。布鲁斯又看了一眼地图，告诉我们那座村庄离我们只有15英里了。下一个障碍是一片约半英里宽的浅水塘。布鲁斯向水塘冲去，但车开到水塘当中，嘎吱一声停住了。仪表盘一盏黄灯闪着刺眼的光芒，布鲁斯兴致勃勃地宣布发动机里没油了！6、（L7-8）-He
24、 believed that a car should be driven as fast as it could possibly go.比较状语从句-（Lesson38）for they were as near as early man could get to writing.-（Lesson43）Dancing proved to be more than the dish could bear.以as和than做关联词的比较状从，当同一事物不同项目或不同事物不 同项目比较时，从句中必须有主语和谓语，而当比较项目相同时，从句可省略一些成分。-He is as tall as I(am
25、).-He is taller than I(am).(谓语动词都是be动词，可省去)-There is as much water in this tube as(there is)in that one.-I love him more than(I love)her.(从句的主谓语和主句的主谓语相同，可省去)注：易犯错误是从句和主句成分不对应-The weather of the South is wetter than the North.（比较对象是天气，应为that of the North,为避免重复用that代替weather）-The apples in this bag are as weighty as in that one.-The apples in this bag are as weighty as those in that one.Practice makes perfect!
