1、中考专题-代词 By Freya01 人称代词02 物主代词03 指示代词04 疑问代词CONTENTS目录05 不定代词人称代词概念表示表示“我我/我们，你我们，你/你们，他你们，他/她她/它它/,/,他他/她她/它们它们”的词就叫做人称代的词就叫做人称代词，人称代词用来词，人称代词用来指代人指代人、动植物及无生命的物体。人称代词又分为主、动植物及无生命的物体。人称代词又分为主格和宾格形式格和宾格形式。人称代词人称、性别、数和格的变化人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit人称代词主格：作主语，表
2、示谁怎么样了、干什么了。I am a teacher.You are student.He is a student,too.We/You/They are students.人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。Give it to me.Lets go(lets=let us)人称代词用法句法功能形式例句作_(填句子成分)用主格形式HeHe is a good boy.作_(填词性)的宾语用宾格形式T o m t o l d m em e t o w a i t for himhim after school.作_(填句子成分)用宾格形式-Whos that?-Its me.人称代词分两
3、格，用法简单有规则；句中主语用主格，若作宾语则宾格；人称代词都有数，单数复数要记得。He和she特殊用法hehe和和sheshe可用来拟人，可用来拟人，sheshe用来指月亮、土地、国家及自己心爱的东西。用来指月亮、土地、国家及自己心爱的东西。当指代大动物，如：马、大象、狗等时，可用当指代大动物，如：马、大象、狗等时，可用hehe或或sheshe代替，表达亲切代替，表达亲切的意思。的意思。如：如：GiveGivethethedogdogsomesomefood.food.HeHeisishungryhungrynownow.MyMymotherlandmotherlandisisChina.C
4、hina.SheSheisisgettinggettingstrongerstrongerandandstronger.stronger.Practice1 1）MissMissSmith,Smith,ananAmericanAmericanlady,lady,hashastaughttaught_EnglishEnglishforforthreethreeyears.years.A A.wewe B.B.ususC.C.ourourD.D.oursours2 2）TheTheretiredretiredcouplecouplehavehavedecideddecidedtotogogotot
5、ocollege.college.ItsItstimetimeforfor_totobeginbegina anewnewlife.life.A A.theytheyB.B.themthemC.C.theirtheirD.D.theirstheirs3 3）SheShesaidsaidsimply,simply,“When“WhenPattyPattymakesmakesa apromise,promise,sheshekeepskeeps_.”_.”A.A.ititB.B.themthemC.C.itsits D.D.onesones4 4）IfIfnaturenaturecantcantr
6、eusereusethetherubbish,rubbish,wewemustmustrecyclerecycle_._.A.A.themthem B.B.theirtheir C.C.itit D.D.itselfitself物主代词概念用来表示某人或某物属于用来表示某人或某物属于 谁的谁的 的代词叫做物主代词。物主的代词叫做物主代词。物主代词有两种形式：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。代词有两种形式：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。物主代词分类单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mi
7、neyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词（用于修饰名词）名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs则相当于形容词性物主代词+名词。如：Is this your book?No,，it isnt，its hers(her book)(Jims，Toms，Marias)物主代词用法类别用法例句形容词性物主代词作_(填句子成分)This is her computer.名词性物主代词作_(填句子成分)This isnt your pen.Yours
8、is on that table.作_(填句子成分)I cant find my pen.Can I use yours?作_(填句子成分)This computer is hers.定语主语宾语表语Practice1 1）-IsIsthatthat_dog?dog?-No.No._isiswhite.white.A.A.his;his;HisHisB.B.her;her;HisHisC.C.he;he;HisHisD.D.her;her;HerHer2 2）TheThegirlgirlhashaslostlost_pen,pen,willwillyouyoulendlendherher_?_
9、?A.A.his;his;youryourB.B.her;her;yoursyoursC.C.she;she;yoursyoursD.D.her;her;youryour3 3）WeWemustmustprotectprotectplantsplantsbecausebecausetheytheyarearefriendsfriendsofof_._.A.A.weweB.B.ususC.C.ourourD.D.oursours4 4）MyMybrotherbrotherwouldwouldlikelike_a afriendfriendofof_._.A.A.totosee,see,himhi
10、mB.B.seeing,seeing,himhimC.C.totosee,see,hishisD.D.seeing,seeing,hishis5 5）TheThebiggestbiggestdifferencedifferenceisisthatthatininJapan,Japan,onlyonlygirlsgirlsandandwomenwomengivegivechocolateschocolatestotoboyboys sandandmen,men,butbutininthetheUSUSboysboysandandgirlsgirlswillwillgivegivecardscar
11、dsororsmallsmallgiftsgiftstotoallallofof_friends.friends.A.A.theirstheirsB.B.theytheyC.C.themthemD.D.theirtheir指示指示代词包括代词包括this,this,that,that,these,these,thosethose，它们在句中既可，它们在句中既可用作代词，在句中作主语、宾语、表语，也可以当形容词用，用作代词，在句中作主语、宾语、表语，也可以当形容词用，在句中可作定语）在句中可作定语）指示代词概念Eg：Thisisapenandthat isapencil Wearebusythe
12、sedays Inthosedaystheworkershadahardtime Thesebooksarenew.Thoseareold.1.1.在电话用语中，在电话用语中，_(this_(this/that)that)指代指代“我我(I)”(I)”，_(this_(this/that)that)指代指代“你你(you)”(you)”。指示代词用法Eg：IsthatMr.Brown?Yes,speaking.Whosthat?ThisisLiuMei.2.that,those常用在有比较的结构中代替前面出现的人或物，以避免重复。常用在有比较的结构中代替前面出现的人或物，以避免重复。_(tha
13、t/those)代替可数名词的单数或不可数名词，代替可数名词的单数或不可数名词，_(that/those)代替代替复数名词。复数名词。Eg：IliketheweatherofGuangzhoubetterthanthatofLondon.SomeTVsmadeinChinaareasgoodasthosemadeinJapan.3.介绍他人互相认识时，单个人一般用介绍他人互相认识时，单个人一般用_(this/these)，两人或两人以上一般用，两人或两人以上一般用_(this/these)。Eg：Mum,thisismyEnglishteacher,MissZhang.Lily,thesear
14、emyfriends,Tom,LiJunandWangTao.4.4.在回答主语是在回答主语是thisthis或或thatthat的一般疑问句或特殊疑问句时，通常用的一般疑问句或特殊疑问句时，通常用_(it_(it/they)they)来代替来代替句中句中thisthis或或thatthat以避免重复。在回答主语是以避免重复。在回答主语是thesethese或或thosethose的一般疑问句或特殊疑问句时，通常用的一般疑问句或特殊疑问句时，通常用_(it_(it/they)they)来代替句中的来代替句中的thesethese或或thosethose以避免重复。以避免重复。指示代词用法Eg：
15、Whatsthis /that?Itsanegg.Arethese /thoseappletrees?No,theyarent.5.有时有时that和和those指前面讲到过的事物，指前面讲到过的事物，this和和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物。则是指下面将要讲到的事物。Eg：Ihadacold.ThatswhyIdidntcome.WhatIwanttosayisthis;pronunciationisveryimportantinlearningEnglish.Practice1)The1)Thestudentsstudentsininourourclassclassworkworkm
16、uchmuchharderharderthanthan_inintheirtheirclass.class.A.A.thatthatB.B.thesetheseC.C.thosethoseD.D.thisthis2)-2)-_?_?-Yes,Yes,thisthisisisMaryMaryspeaking.speaking.A.A.AreAreyouyouMaryMaryB.B.WhoWhoareareyouyouC.C.WhosWhosthatthat D.D.IsIsthatthatMaryMaryspeaking?speaking?3)_3)_peoplepeopleoveroverth
17、eretherearearedoctors.doctors.A.A.ThoseThoseB.B.TheseTheseC.C.ThatThatD.D.ThisThis4)Dont4)Dontdodoititlikelike_._.A.A.thatthatB.B.thatsthatsC.C.thosethoseD.D.thesethese5)The5)TheriversriversininChinaChinawillwillbebemoremorebeautifulbeautifulthanthan_ininthetheUSA.USA.A.A.thatthatB.B.onesonesC.C.tho
18、sethoseD.D.thisthis6)_6)_isisMrMrWhite,White,andand_isisMrMrGreen.Green.A.A.This;This;thosethoseB.B.That;That;thesetheseC.C.This;This;thisthisD.D.These;These;thosethose疑问代词概念表示表示疑问，一般放在句首，构成特殊疑问句。疑问代词有：疑问，一般放在句首，构成特殊疑问句。疑问代词有：whowho、whomwhom、whosewhose、whatwhat、whichwhich等。疑问代词有主格，宾格和属格之分，在句中所做的成分也不
19、相同。疑问代词等。疑问代词有主格，宾格和属格之分，在句中所做的成分也不相同。疑问代词各有其不同的含义，在选用疑问代词时需根据其具体含义而定。各有其不同的含义，在选用疑问代词时需根据其具体含义而定。疑问代词用法1.who,whom的用法：who的意思是“谁”，可以指代单数，也可以指代复数。在句中主要做主语、宾语和表语。whom在句中只能做宾语和介词宾语。Who is he?（作表语）Whom/Who did you often play with when you were a child?（做介词with 的宾语）With whom did you discuss the question?（
20、whom不可用who替代，因为前面有介词with）2.whose的用法：表示“谁的”，即可置于名词（可数名词单数、可数名词复数、不可数名词）前作定语，也可以单独使用。Their handwriting is very good,but whose is the best?（做主语）Whose car do you love better,Jacks or Sallys?(做定语)疑问代词用法3.which的用法：“表示哪一个，哪一些”，既可以指人也可以指物，既可指可数名词单数，也可以指可数名词复数，还可以指不可数名词。Which do you prefer,dry sherry or swee
21、t sherry?（宾语）Which are cheaper,these printers or those?（主语）Which foreign language have you learned?（宾语）Which cities are you going to visit this summer?（定语）4.what的用法：表示“什么”，可单独使用，也可以放在名词前，既可以指代或修饰单数，也可以指代或修饰复数。What makes you love your hometown so much?（主语,指代单数）What are your reasons for resigning?（做主语
22、，指代复数）疑问代词What的习惯用法“what+be+主语“.是什么？What is this？这是什么“what do/does+主语+do?”可用于询问职业，“what+be+主语“也可询问职业。What is your elder sister?=what does your elder sister do?你姐姐是干什么的what+be+主语+like？询问品行和天气状况；what do/does+主语+look like？询问外貌长相。What is the weather like today?I have never met her.What does she look lik
23、e?“What if.”要是.会怎么样？What if the train is late?What/How about.?用于征求对方的意见，询问对方的情况或是提出建议What about going to see a movie?疑问代词用法注意：注意：疑问代词做主语时，动词用单数还是复数形式要根据他们代表的数决定。如果数的概念不清，动词多用单数形式。Who are in the playground?（问话者和听话者都知道操场上有一些人）Who is in the room?（问话者和听话者可能都不知道房间内上有多少人）Practice1 1）The dog _ played with
24、you just now is _.The dog _ played with you just now is _.A.which;mine B.which;my C.what;mine D.what;myA.which;mine B.which;my C.what;mine D.what;my2 2）_would you like to go shopping with?_would you like to go shopping with?A.Which B.Whom C.What D.WhereA.Which B.Whom C.What D.Where3 3）Excuse me,can
25、you tell me_is the way to the post office?Excuse me,can you tell me_is the way to the post office?A.whose B.which C.how D.whatA.whose B.which C.how D.what4 4）_coat is more beautiful than yours?_coat is more beautiful than yours?-Lilys.-Lilys.A.Which B.Whose C.Who D.WhatA.Which B.Whose C.Who D.What不定
26、代词概念不定不定代词是不明确代指某个人、某一事物、某些人、某些事物的代词，它们起名词或形代词是不明确代指某个人、某一事物、某些人、某些事物的代词，它们起名词或形容词的作用。容词的作用。普通的不定代词many修饰可数名词，表示“许多，大量”much修饰不可数名词，表示“许多，大量”a lot oflots of既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词some既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词；多用在肯定句中；还可以用在表示邀请、请求或期待得到肯定回答的疑问句中any既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词；any多用在否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中few修饰可数名词，表否定意义，意为“不多
27、，很少”a few修饰可数名词，表示肯定意义，意为“几个；有些”Little修饰不可数名词，表否定意义，意为“几乎没有a little修饰不可数名词，表肯定意义，意为“少量一些”Practice1 1）YouYoumaymaycomecomeatat_time,time,IllIllwaitwaitforforyou.you.A.someA.someB.B.nonoC.C.everyeveryD.D.anyany2 2）ThereThereisntisnt_paperpaperininthethebox.box.WouldWouldyouyoupleasepleasegogoandandget
28、get_forforme?me?A.A.any;any;anyany B.B.any;any;somesomeC.C.some;some;somesome D.D.some;some;anyany3 3）WouldWouldyouyoulikelike_?_?A.A.somesomejuicejuiceB.B.anyanyjuicejuice C.C.somesomejuicesjuicesD.D.anyanyjuicesjuices4 4）-ImImthirsty.thirsty.WouldWouldyouyougivegivememe_water,water,please?please?-
29、Sorry,Sorry,I Idontdonthavehave_._.A.A.some;some;somesome B.B.some;some;anyanyC.C.any;any;anyanyD.D.any;any;somesomeeither、neither、both、all、noneeither表示“两者中的任何一个”，可以与or搭配neither表示“两者都不“，可以和nor搭配both表示“两者中都”可以和and的搭配all表示“都”，使用于三者或三者以上的人或物none表示“没有一个”，适用于三者或三者以上的人或物注意：作主语 both of,either of 和neither o
30、f 后接名词，区别在于 both of+复数名词，做主语时，谓语动词用_(单数/复数)neither of+复数名词，做主语时，谓语动词用_(单数/复数)either of+复数名词，做主语时，谓语动词用_(单数/复数)如：Both of the films are good.Neither of the films is good.Either of the films is good.either、neither、both、all、none注意：词组搭配either、neither、both、all、none词组中文意思做主语时，谓语动词的数both and 既又，和 都复数either
31、or _neither nor _either、neither、both、all、none如：Both you and she like watching TV.Neither you nor he is right.Either you or I am mad.Practice1)Which would you like to visit,Shanghai Expo Garden or Beijing Bird Nest?1)Which would you like to visit,Shanghai Expo Garden or Beijing Bird Nest?.I prefer to
32、 enjoy the 2010 FIFA World Cup at home.I prefer to enjoy the 2010 FIFA World Cup at home.A.Both B.Either C.Neither D.NoneA.Both B.Either C.Neither D.None2)How many students are there in the classroom?2)How many students are there in the classroom?_.They are all in the lab._.They are all in the lab.A
33、.Some B.None C.All D.NeitherA.Some B.None C.All D.Neither3 3）_HenrysHenrysmothermother_hishisfatherfatherspeaksspeaksEnglish.English.TheyTheybothbothspeakspeakChinese.Chinese.A.A.Either;Either;or B.or B.Neither;Neither;nor C.nor C.Both;Both;and D.and D.NotNotonly;only;butbutalsoalso4 4）_LiLiPingPing_WuWuFangFang_LeagueLeaguemembers.members.A.A.Neither;Neither;nor;nor;are B.are B.Either;Either;nor;nor;is C.is C.Both;Both;and;and;are D.are D.Neither;Neither;or;or;isis谢谢您的欣赏谢谢您的欣赏
