1、汉语方言分布图汉语方言分布图1.How many dialects are there in China？What are they?北方方言、粤语、客家话、赣语、吴语、北方方言、粤语、客家话、赣语、吴语、闽南话、湘语等闽南话、湘语等2.Do you think there are some dialects in English?There is no such thing as“standard English”.What people usually mean by this is grammatical English.However,there are many variants o
2、f what is considered standard or grammatical ways of saying things.These variants are called dialects.All countries have dialects and because the USA is so large it has many too.Listen and choose best answer for questions.In the writers opinion _.A.standard English is spoken in BritainB.standard Eng
3、lish is spoken in the USAC.standard English exists in CanadaD.there is no standard English at allD1.Why are there so many dialects in the US?Because people have come from all over the world.Geography also plays a part in making dialects.Its believed to be the English spoken on TV and the radio.2.Wha
4、ts the standard English?Read the passage and answer the questions.3.Can you tell an interesting or funny story that shows great difference between dialects in Chinese/English?Example:keys or kiss One friend of mine was giving an English lesson to a class of adults who had recently come to live in th
5、e United States.After placing quite a number of everyday objects on a table he asked various members of the class to give him the ruler,the book,the pen and so on.The class went very smoothly,and the students seemed interested and serious about the work that they were engaged in until my friend turn
6、ed to an Italian and said,“Give me the keys.”The man looked surprised and somewhat at a loss(有点手有点手足无措足无措).Seeing this,my friend thought that the student hadnt heard him clearly,so he repeated,“Give me the keys.”The Italian shrugged(耸肩耸肩)his shoulders.Then,he threw his arms around the teachers neck
7、and kissed him on both cheeks.In China,there are so many local dialects although the government encourage the whole nation to speak putonghua,which regarded as“standard”Chinese.However,local people also speak their own dialects.Work in pairs.Discuss any Chinese dialects you know of or can speak.1.Wh
8、at is standard English?什么是标准英语什么是标准英语?standard (n.)标准标准,规格规格 (adj.)标准的标准的 meet standard 符合标准符合标准 standard of living 生活水平生活水平 on a standard 根据某一标准根据某一标准The mountains are not high _ world standard.A.by B.at C.to D.on2.Believe it or not,theres no such thing as standard English.信不信由你信不信由你,世界上没有所谓的标准世界上没
9、有所谓的标准英语。英语。believe it or not 信不信由你信不信由你 e.g.Believe it or not,all the people present have agreed to the plan.3.This is because in the early days of radio,those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员讲极好的英语。望新闻播音员讲极好的英语。这是一个这是一个主从复合句主从复
10、合句。主句是。主句是This is,从句是由从句是由because引导的引导的_从句从句:those were expected to speak excellent English.在表语从句中又含有一个由在表语从句中又含有一个由who引导的引导的_从句，修饰表语从从句，修饰表语从句的主语句的主语 those。表语表语定语定语当一个句子的主语为当一个句子的主语为this,that或或it时，时，可可以用以用because引导表语从句引导表语从句。e.g.That is because he doesnt like coffee.那是因为他不喜欢咖啡。那是因为他不喜欢咖啡。It may be
11、because the exam was too difficult.那或许是因为考试太难了。那或许是因为考试太难了。4.However,on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.然而然而,甚至在电视上或收音机里都会听甚至在电视上或收音机里都会听到人们在说话时的差异。到人们在说话时的差异。the way后面接定语从句时后面接定语从句时,关系代词用关系代词用that/in which或不用关系代词。或不用关系代词。e.g.I did it in the way that/in which you t
12、aught me.I dont like _ you speak to her.A.the wayB.the way in thatC.the way whichD.the way of which5.America English has many dialects,_ the Midwestern,southern,African American and Spanish dialects.美国英语有很多方言美国英语有很多方言,尤其尤其是在中西部是在中西部,南部南部,黑人和西班牙方言。黑人和西班牙方言。especially 尤其尤其,表达事物不寻常或表达事物不寻常或 特别重要特别重要 sp
13、ecially 专门专门(指专为某一目的指专为某一目的)especiallye.g.Our garden is beautiful,especially in autumn.I came here specially to see you.African adj.非洲的非洲的e.g.In the new African countries the governments are trying to provide education for adults.n.非洲人非洲人 e.g.Fish is a staple in the diet of many Africans.Spanish adj
14、.西班牙的西班牙的 a Spanish dancen.西班牙语西班牙语 e.g.Do you speak Spanish?6.Geography also plays a part in making dialects.地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。e.g.He has played an important part in saving the girl.He was invited to play a part in this TV play.play a part in 意为意为 _起重要作用；起重要作用；扮演角色扮演角色play a role in与与pl
15、ay a part in的意思相的意思相同，常可以互换同，常可以互换。表示。表示“扮演角色扮演角色”还可以用还可以用act,act a/the role of等。如：等。如：Who is acting Hamlet?She is acting the role of Juliet.根据括号内的提示，用根据括号内的提示，用play a part in的适当形式完成句子。的适当形式完成句子。1.My friend Jim is looking forward to _(扮演角色的扮演角色的机会机会)this series.2.A good diet _ _(在帮助人们长寿方在帮助人们长寿方面起着非
16、常大的作用面起着非常大的作用).plays a large part in helping people live longer a chance to play a part in7.Although many America move a lot,they still recognize and understand each others dialects.虽然许多美国人经常搬家虽然许多美国人经常搬家,但他们仍然但他们仍然能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。recognize v.认出，承认，认可认出，承认，认可 recognize.as/to be.，表示：，表示：把把
17、看做看做；recognize sb.by sth.表表示：示：从从/根据某物认出某人。根据某物认出某人。1)I hadnt seen her for 20 years,but I recognized her as soon as she came into the room.2)The government refused to recognize the new school.3)He is recognized to be/as their natural leader.4)I recognized her by her red hair.Activity 1 不同学生用家乡方言说出同不
18、同学生用家乡方言说出同一句话，体会不同地区的方言；一句话，体会不同地区的方言；Activity 2 学生说出他们知道或者听过学生说出他们知道或者听过的方言；的方言；Activity 3 学生讨论以下问题：学生讨论以下问题：Why does the government encourage us to speak Putonghua?From the picture,we know that Lester is afraid when the others arent.Catfish(鲶鱼鲶鱼)are found in lakes and rivers throughout the US.The
19、y are harmless.Although they can grow to two meters in length,they dont eat children.The catfish get its name from its long,catlike whiskers,which can sting a bit.T e x a s Listen to the text and pay attention to the accent and intonation.Listen again and put these sentences in the right sequence._
20、Lester climbed a tree._ Buford,Billy Bob and Lester went swimming._ Lester thought the catfish would eat him._ Buford and Billy Bob laughed._ Lester saw a catfish._ Now Lester is too afraid to visit the place.1234561.What does Buford think of Texas?How do you know?He believes its almost a different
21、country from the USA.The listening text tells us.Answer the following questions.3.Why did Lester get out of the water so quickly?The boys thought that the catfish was almost the size of a house.He thought the catfish would eat him.2.How large was the catfish?They laughed because Lester believed the
22、catfish would hurt him.4.Why did Buford and Big Billy Bob laugh?Work in pairs.Choose one of the situations and make a dialogue.Use the following expressions to help you.Pay attention to the intonation you use while talking.Pardon?I beg your pardon?I dont understand.How do you spell that?Could you sa
23、y that again please?Could you speak more slowly please?:Sorry,I cant follow you!Could you repeat that please?1.You and your friend are American.You have arrived in a strange city in England to watch a football match.You need to find a cab/taxi to take you to the football ground.2.You and your friend
24、 are British.You are visiting America.Your car needs some more petrol but you cannot find a petrol station.Ask directions to the nearest one.I.根据句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提根据句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式。示，写出所缺单词的正确形式。1.Ive developed a taste for _(非洲非洲的的)music since my trip to Nigeria last year.2.Jane has change
25、d so much that I could hardly _(认出认出)her at the party yesterday.recognizeAfrican 3.Located in _(东南部的东南部的)Wales,Abergavenny is a relatively small city.4.This bridge can bear the weight of the heaviest _(卡车卡车).5.Shall we take a _(出租车出租车)there and come back by subway?southeasternlorrycab6.Two farmers w
26、ere struck by _(闪电闪电).7.The boy comes from the countryside and he speaks in a broad a_.8.The scenery of West Lake is beautiful beyond e_.expression lightningaccentII.请用下列词组的适当形式填空。请用下列词组的适当形式填空。1.Some people dont like to go to work _.2.The headmaster _ in the good running of a school.by undergroundp
27、lays an important partbelieve it or not be expected to by underground pay attention toplay an important part in the way3._,he is really a foreigner.4.You will _ work on Saturdays.5.Please _ the difference between the two words.pay attention toBelieve it or notbe expected to1.Review the words and language points we have learnt in this unit.2.Finish exercises on your workbook.
