1、专题五专题五 形容词及副词形容词及副词形容词形容词形容词的句法句法作用形容词主要修饰名词或代词，在句中主要作定语、表语、补足语和状语。考点一考点一 形容词的基本用法形容词的基本用法功能功能例句例句定语定语前置定语后置定语These are valuable suggestions.这些是宝贵的建议。1.He is the happiest person alive.(表语形容词作后置定语)2.Do you have anything important to tell you?(adj.修饰复合不定代词，作后置定语。)3.This is a book suitable for children
2、.(形容词短语作后置定语)功能功能例句例句表语表语宾补宾补状语状语His suggestions are very valuable.他的建议很有价值。I consider his suggestion very valuable.我认为他的建议很有价值。He returned home,safe and sound.他回到了家，安然无恙。(结果状语)He is standing there,full of fear.他站在那里，充满了恐惧。(伴随状语)考点二考点二 形容词比较级和最高级的构成形容词比较级和最高级的构成规则规则1.规则变化构成构成原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级一般加一般加er
3、或或eststrong 强壮的stronger较强壮的strongest最强壮的以字母以字母e结尾，结尾，只加只加r或或stlate晚的later较晚的latest最晚的以一个辅音以一个辅音字母结尾的字母结尾的重读闭音节重读闭音节词，双写这词，双写这一辅音字母一辅音字母后再加后再加er或或esthot热的thin瘦的辅+元+辅hotter更热的thinner较瘦的hottest最热的thinnest最瘦的以以“辅音字辅音字母母+y”结尾结尾的词，将的词，将y变变为为i，再加，再加er或或estangry生气的ugly丑的early早的angrier较生气的uglier较丑的earlier较早的
4、angriest最生气的ugliest最丑的earliest最早的其他双音节其他双音节和多音节词，和多音节词，在形容词前在形容词前加加more或或mostenthusiastic热情的more enthusiastic更热情的most enthusiastic最热情的注意：注意：有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度，故没有比较级和最高级。Eg.right正确的、wrong错误的、excellent最好的、final最后的、possible可能的、first第一的empty空的2.不规则变化原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级good/well健康健康的的betterbestbadwor
5、seworstfarfarther(指距离：更远的)further(指距离：更远的，等同于farther；指程度：更深入的)farthest(指距离：最远的)furthest(指距离：最远的，等同于farthest；指程度：最深入的)用所给词的适当形式填空The more he talked,the (angry)he became.This film is (interesting)than any other one that I have ever seen.He was advised to smoke fewer cigarettes and drink (little)beer.l
6、essmore interestingangrier考点考点三三 形容词比较级的用法形容词比较级的用法1.比较级的修饰语常见的有:rather,much,still,even,far,any(用于否定句或疑问句),a lot,a little,a great deal,by far,a bit等。2.比较级+than.“比.更”；lessthan“不如.”。3.the+比较级，the+比较级：“越.，越.”4.the+比较级+of(the)+名词/代词：“（两者中）较.的”考点四考点四 形容词构词法1.名词+al/ualculture-cultural 文化的 agriculture-agri
7、cultural 农业的nature-natural 自然的physics-physical 物理学的、身体的music-musical 音乐的industry-industrial工业的act-actual 实际的2.名词+icelectron-electronic电子的base-basic 基础的atom-atomic 原子的energy-energetic 精力充沛的science-scientific 科学的3.名词+ishfool-foolish 愚蠢的child-childish 幼稚的woman-womanish 女人气的，娘娘腔的4.名词+fulcare-careful 仔细的
8、power-powerful 强大的tear-tearful 充满泪水的beauty-beautiful 漂亮的hope-hopeful 充满希望的wonder-wonderful 精彩的，绝妙的harm-harmful 有害的use-useful 有用的fright-frightful 可怕的5.名词+lesscare-careless 粗心的hope-hopeless 无希望的use-useless 无用的home-homeless 无家可归的wire-wireless 无线的end-endless 无休止的self-selfless 无私的value-valueless 微不足道的 6.
9、名词+aryrevolution-revolutionary 革命的element-elementary 基本的，初级的7.名词+enwood-wooden 木制的gold-golden 金色的wool-woolen 羊毛的8.名词+ernEast-eastern 东方的West-western 西方的9.名词+ysun-sunny 晴朗的cloud-cloudy 多云的shine-shiny 有光泽的，光亮的luck-lucky 幸运的wealth-wealthy 富有的10.名词+ousdanger-dangerous危险的fame-famous 著名的envy-envious 羡慕的ne
10、rve-nervous 紧张的poison-poisonous 有毒的mountain-mountainous 多山的humor-humorous幽默的11.动词+iveact-active 积极的expense-expensive 昂贵的impress-impressive 印象深刻的compare-comparative 比较的relate-relative 有联系的12.动词+edexcite-excited 感到激动的learn-learned 有知识的tire-tired 疲劳的surprise-surprised 感到奇怪的13.动词+inginterestinterestingm
11、ove-moving 动人的14.名词/动词+able/iblevalue-valuable有价值的reason-reasonable 有道理的comfort-comfortable 舒服的enjoy-enjoyable令人愉快的horror-horrible可怕的15.名词/动词+sometrouble-troublesome 令人烦恼的16.名词/动词+ant/entplease-pleasant 令人高兴的difference-different 不同的insist-insistent 坚持的distance-distant 遥远的convenience-convenient 方便的副词
12、副词考点一：句法功能考点一：句法功能副词在句子中主要用作状语，用来修饰动词、形容词和其他副词，有时还可以修饰短语和句子。副词的句法功能功能功能例句例句状语状语修饰动词修饰形容词修饰副词修饰句子He studies hard.(hard修饰动词studies)He is very smart.(very 修饰形容词smart)H e d o e s v e r y w e l l i n English.(very修饰副词well)Happily for him,his stepmother was kind to him.(happily修饰整个句子)所给词适当形式填空1.A career i
13、n law is becoming increasingly (attract)to young people.2.The book provides (value)information on recent trends.3.Im (true)sorry that things had to end like this.4.We are all (entire)responsible for our actions.5.There have been some problems but (basic)its a good system.attractivevaluabletrulyentir
14、elybasically二：副词比较级和最高级构成规则1.规则变化：与形容词的比较级和最高级的变化规则一样2.不规则变化：well-better-bestbadly-worse-worstmuch-more-mostlittle-less-least三：副词构词法三：副词构词法形容词+ly构成副词规则情况情况构成构成例词例词一般情况一般情况+lyquick-quicklybrave-bravelyimmediate-immediately以辅音字母以辅音字母+y结尾结尾将y改为i+lyeasy-easilyhappy-happily以以le结尾结尾去e，加ysimple-simplygentl
15、e-gently情况情况构成构成例词例词以元音字母以元音字母+e结尾结尾去e，加lytrue-truly以以ll结尾结尾只加yfull-fullydull-dully以以ic结尾结尾加allybasic-basicallyscientific-scientificallyAttention1.注意一下形容词变副词的拼写whole-wholly完全地 shy-shyly害羞地dry-dryly/drily干燥地 good-well好地2.注意以ly结尾的形容词Friendly友好的 lovely可爱的 weekly每周的Lively 充满活力的 lonely孤独的 daily 每日的Deadly
16、 致命的 monthly每月的 yearly 每年的1.Anyone,whether he is an official or a bus driver,should be (equal)respected.2.The numbers are (particular)high in Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou.equallyparticularly易混易混形容词、副词的用法形容词、副词的用法possible probable likely词词义义方方面面possible指客观上的可能性，但往往含有希望很小的意思probable比possible可能性大。表示“
17、很可能，大概”，指有实际依据或逻辑上合情合理likely是从外表迹象进行判断，有可能发生某事句句型型方方面面It be possible/probable/likely+that从句It be possible(for sb.)to do sth.Sb./Sth.be likely to do sth1.Studies show that people are more to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.2.It is very late.I will c
18、ome back as soon as .3.It is that they will meet with some opposition.likelypossiblelikely/possible/probablethree times as big as seven times more than four times the size of ten times what suitable humorous Sadly importantly typically longer actually global loudest reluctant careful fairly conventional officially regularly
