1、 The seventh week (第第 7 周）周） Manage your time well. 1 第一部分 阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分） 第一节第一节:阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。）中，选出最佳选项。 A Beverly Cleary has sold 85 million copies of books and if those numbers werent impressive enough she turns 100 on Tuesday. Though the worl
2、d was a very different place when Cleary was a child, she has always maintained that kids pretty much stay the same which explains the ongoing popularity of her beloved characters, like Ramona Quimby, Henry Huggins and Ralph S. Mouse. Cleary was in her early 30s and working part time in a bookstore
3、when she sat down at a typewriter to see if just maybe she could write a book for kids. She had worked as a librarian before World War II, and she wished shed had books for young readers about children living everyday lives. “I think children want to read about normal, everyday kids,“ she told NPR i
4、n 1999. “Thats what I wanted to read about when I was growing up. I wanted to read about the sort of boys and girls that I knew in my neighborhood and in my school. . I think children like to find themselves in books.“ Her first book, Henry Huggins, came out in 1950. Henry had a friend named Beezus,
5、 and Beezus had a mischievous （爱恶作剧的） but lovable little sister named Ramona. Over the next five decades, Cleary took Ramona all the way from nursery school （托儿所）to the fourth grade. Cleary says when she was writing Ramona, she took inspiration from a little girl who lived in the house behind her as
6、 a child. Her books have hooked generations of children, including a young Jeff Kinney, who grew up to become the author of the “Diary of a Wimpy Kid“ series. “I must have been about 8 or 9 years old when I first read Beverly Cleary,“ Kinney recalls. “The book that really grabbed me was Ramona Quimb
7、y, Age 8. She looked feral. I needed to get to know this character.“ “Most kids have parents, teachers, bullies（欺凌） we all experience these things,“Kinney says. “And Beverly Cleary tapped into that. Her work is still as relevant today as when it first came out.“ Now, generations of children have bee
8、n fortunate enough to enjoy her stories of Klickitat Street. 1. What can we infer about Beverly Clearys works? A. They are about adults ordinary lives. B. They interest and delight young readers. C. They receive much criticism from other writers. D. They are based on Clearys childhood experiences. 2
9、. What gave Cleary inspiration for Ramonas stories? A. A neighborhood girl. B. Her work as a librarian. C. Her fourth-grade daughter. D. Her work experience in a bookstore. 3. Which of the following can best describe Beverly Cleary? A. Brave and patient B.Generous and honest C.Productive and influen
10、tial D.Considerate and optimistic B Elon Musk, perhaps the worlds most famous businessman, has a habit of making statements that stretch the bounds of believability. On July 16th, 2019, he introduced a new type of brain-machine interface (BMI), starting from the design of a “neural lace (神经织网)”, a n
11、et of thin electrodes (电极) that capture the information from the brain. However, the electrodes must be flexible, so that they do not damage brain tissue and will last for a long time. And to make the implantation (植入) of so many electrodes safe, painless and effective, the process has to be automat
12、ed(自动的). Mr. Musks team does indeed seem to have made progress towards these goals. Its presentation included videos of a robot that is best described as a sewing machine. This robot grabs “threads”, and shoots them deep into the brain through a hole. The firm has also designed a chip that can handl
13、e signals from as many as 3,072 electrodes. With all these technological breakthroughs, the firm now hopes to help people overcome such illnesses as blindness and paralysis. They designed a small device that would sit behind someones ear, picking up signals from the implanted chip and passing them o
14、n as appropriate. In a few years, using a brain implant to control your devices may be as prevalent as wearing wireless earphones today. Finally, Musk predicts neural lace will allow humans to be combined with AI systems, thus enabling the species to survive. Though, as this announcement shows, Mr.
15、Musk does have a habit of presenting himself as the hero of the human race, the idea that some machines at least will come under the direct control of human brains seems possible to be carried out. The biggest barrier to this happening will probably not be writing the software needed to interpret br
16、ainwaves, but rather persuading people that the necessary surgery, whether by sewing machine or otherwise, is actually a good idea. 4. We can learn from the first two paragraphs that _. A. electrodes should be flexible to extend life B. Elon Musk constantly comes up with unexpected ideas C. a neural
17、 lace is used to store information from the brain D. electrodes are implanted by top surgeons for safety reasons 5. What does the underlined word “prevalent” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Useful. B. Common. C. Professional. D. Appropriate. 6. What is the hardest part of carrying out BMI? 专项限时专项限时
18、(assignment 2)(assignment 2) The seventh week (第第 7 周）周） Manage your time well. 2 A. Convincing people to accept the surgery. B. Developing devices to perform the surgery. C. Writing the software to interpret brainwaves. D. Informing people of the success of the surgery. 7. What is the best title of
19、 this passage? A. The Neural Lace, A New Type of BMI. B. Elon Musk, the Hero of Human Beings. C. Artificial Intelligence, the Way to Survive. D. A Brain Implant, A Step to Control Machines. C The word proactivity is fairly common in management literature, but you wont find it in the dictionary. It m
20、eans that as a human being you take responsibility for your own life Look at the word responsibility: ability to choose your response, response-ability. Effective people are proactive because they take responsibility. Their behavior is a product of their own decisions, based on values, rather than b
21、eing a product of their own conditions, based on feelingsFor instance, you are planning a picnic with your familyYoure excitedYou have all the preparationsYouve decided where to go, and then it becomes stormy, killing your planProactive people carry weather within them. They realize what their purpo
22、se really was, and they creatively have a picnic elsewhere even if its in their own basement with some special games, and make the best of that situationThe opposite of being proactive is to be reactiveReactive people would say, “Whats the use?“ “We cant do anything“ “Oh this is so upsetting after a
23、ll of our preparations and arrangements.“ They try to persuade the people around them and usually the picnic will be cancelled Being proactive is really just being true to your human nature. Your basic nature is to act, and not to be acted uponThats true, despite widely accepted theories of determin
24、ism (宿命论者) used to explain human nature. Determinism says that you dont really choose anything and that what you call choices are nothing more than automatic responses to outside conditions The language of reactive people is like: “ I cant “ “ Dont have time “ “ I have to “ “ I must “ The whole spir
25、it of that language is the transfer of responsibilityThey think things are determined by their environment, or by their conditions, or by their conditioning or their genetic makeupPsychologically, people who believe they are determined will produce the evidence to support the belief, and they increa
26、singly feel victimized and out of controlTheyre not in charge of their life at all On the contrary, a proactive person exercises free will, the freedom to choose the response that best applies to his valuesIn that way, he gains control over the circumstances, rather than being controlled by them 8.
27、According to the passage, a proactive persons behavior can result from _ A. the environment B. an inner belief C. the genetic makeup D. a temporary feeling 9. When a picnic plan is threatened by a sudden storm, reactive people will probably _ A. have the picnic as planned B. make the best of the pic
28、nic C. complain and give up the picnic D. find somewhere else for the picnic 10. What does “carry weather within them“ in the second paragraph probably mean? A. Manage to improve the weather B. Give in to the weather passively C. Stress the influence of the weather D. Find a solution to the weather
29、problems 11. It can be concluded from the passage that determinists _ A. accept things passively B. are in charge of themselves C are similar to proactive people D. respond to outside conditions actively D Why are people interested in eating raw foods or whole foods? One reason is that eating these
30、types of food reduces the risk of acid(酸) accumulation in your body. Raw and whole foods are usually digested more efficiently than cooked and refined foods. When we cook foods, we destroy the natural enzymes(酶) that are part of the food in its raw form. These enzymes were intended by nature to help
31、 us digest the food. When we consume food without these natural enzymes, our bodies either digest the food improperly or allow too many nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream. In both instances, the result is obesity. When too many nutrients are absorbed at once, the body grows fat. Improperl
32、y digested food moves slowly through the digestive tract, where it becomes increasingly acidic. To protect its vital organs from this acidic waste, the body changes the acid into fat and stores it safely away from the organs. Processed foods contain chemical elements, which might confuse the appetit
33、e mechanism that tells us when weve had enough to eat; as a result, people often overeat. Processed foods also upset the digestive cycle. The body will either identify these foods as allergens (过敏物质)and then store them safely away from the organs as fat, or the remains of undigested food will become
34、 acidic and enter the bloodstream as acid waste, which will stick to the blood vessel walls and block the passage of vital oxygen and nutrients heading for the bodys cells. The bodys metabolism (新陈代谢) becomes inactive, and the result is weight gain and obesity. The accumulation of acid in the digest
35、ive tract makes digestion increasingly inefficient. When that happens, even healthy foods can become acidic and the food allergies will become more common. To stop this vicious circle in its tracks, people need to consume food and supplements that will neutralize(中和) the acid already accumulated in
36、body. Eating the right types of raw and whole foods can help. Its also important to restore your enzyme balance. You need to identify and avoid the foods that cause The seventh week (第第 7 周）周） Manage your time well. 3 acid accumulation and consume the foods that increase enzyme production. If you tr
37、uly want to change and help your body heal itself, you need to take an active approach. 12. It can be inferred from Para. 2 that _. A. foods with natural enzymes help people keep fit B. wed better be cautious about raw and whole foods C. it is essential for people to protect their vital organs D. gi
38、ving up cooked and refined foods is a new lifestyle 13. Processed foods are unhealthy because they _. A. destroy bodys cells B. may lead to obesity C. are difficult to digest D. stop bodys metabolism. 14. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To warn people of the problem of obesity. B. To ad
39、vocate eating more raw and whole foods. C. To inform people of the harm of processed foods. D. To tell the differences between raw and processed foods. 15. What is likely to be talked about following the last paragraph? A. Different causes of acid accumulation. B. Correct ways to cook raw foods. C.
40、Suitable types of raw and whole foods. D. Active approaches to avoid acid. E Develop Note-Taking Skills Speech students are often amazed at how easily their teacher can pick out a speakers main points, evidence, and techniques. Of course, the teacher knows what to listen for and has had plenty of pr
41、actice. But the next time you get an opportunity, watch your teacher during a speech. Chances are she or he will be listening with pen and paper. _16_ Unfortunately, many people dont take notes effectively. Some try to write down everything a speaker says. They view note taking as a race, pitting th
42、eir handwriting agility(敏捷) against the speakers rate of speech. _17_ But soon the speaker is winning the race. The speaker pulls so far ahead that the note taker can never catch up. Finally, the note taker admits defeat and spends the rest of the speech grumbling in frustration. _18_ They arrive ar
43、med with pen, notebook, and the best of intentions. They know they cant write down everything, so they settle comfortably in their seats and wait for the speaker to say something that grabs their attention. Every once in a while the speaker rewards them with a joke, a dramatic story, or a startling
44、fact. Then the note taker seizes pen, jots down a few words, and leans back dreamily to await the next fascinating tidbit (趣闻). By the end of the lecture the note taker has a set of tidbitsand little or no record of the speakers important ideas. As these examples illustrate, they dont know what to l
45、isten for, and they dont know how to record what they do listen for. _19_ But once you know what to listen for, you still need a sound method of note taking. Although there are a number of systems, most students find the key-word outline best for listening to speeches. As its name suggests, this met
46、hod briefly notes a speakers main points and supporting evidence in rough outline form. By separating main points from sub-points and evidence, the outline format shows the relationships among the speakers ideas. _20_ But with a little effort you will become a better note taker. A. Perfecting this t
47、aking requires practice. B. Some people go to the opposite extreme. C. As the speaker starts to talk, the note taker starts to write. D. Taking effective notes usually helps you receive higher grades. E. Most inefficient note takers suffer from one or both of two problems. F. When note taking is don
48、e properly, it is sure to keep track of a speakers ideas. G. The solution to the first problem is to focus on a speakers main points and evidence. 第二节：完形填空（共 20 小题：每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） Rainbow comes after a storm. For instance, here are things youve probably celebrated: an excellent grade, a team win,
49、 an 21 goal. Did you know that a past failure can 22 be a good thing too? The problem is that, according to a research, big embarrassing times can be 23 hard for girls. “Many girls see 24 as something that cant be changed and something that will forever 25 them,” says Rachel Simmons, a cofounder of the nonprofit Girls Leadership. Simmons 26 that by middle school, a
