1、 要求考生读懂书、报、杂志、网络中关于一般要求考生读懂书、报、杂志、网络中关于一般性话题的短文以及公告、说明、广告等，并能性话题的短文以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：从中获取相关信息。考生应能：、理解主旨要义；、理解主旨要义；、理解文中具体信息；、理解文中具体信息；、作出判断和推理；、作出判断和推理；、理解文章的基本结构；、理解文章的基本结构；、理解作者的意图、观点和态度、理解作者的意图、观点和态度。高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求2018 合肥二模25.What does the underlined words“flags up”in par
2、agraph 2 mean?Marks.B.Abandons.C.Takes over.D.Sets up.28.What does the underlined word“this”in paragraph 2 refer to?A.The differences between mens and womens speech.B.The different speed of mens and womens speech.C.The ability of mens and womens spoken language.D.The non-verbal vocabulary of men and
3、 women.真题演练：真题演练：（福建卷）（福建卷）Rainforests like the Amazon are important for mopping up CO 真题演练：真题演练：“The promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production.But neither is true.”said Bill Christison.(2011陕西）陕西）What does the underlined word“boost”probably mean?A.control B.evaluate C.obtai
4、n D.increase例如：例如：Barometers are used to measure the pressure of the air in order to help judge probable changes in the weather or to help calculate the height above sea level.例如：例如：The doctor is studying glaucoma and other diseases of the eye 例如：例如：Mr.Smith always arrives home punctually，neither ea
5、rly nor late气压表气压表a kind of disease of the eye 青光眼青光眼按时地，准时地按时地，准时地阅读中出现一些难词，有时后面就是一个阅读中出现一些难词，有时后面就是一个同位语同位语，对前，对前面的词进行解释，这种解释有时也用面的词进行解释，这种解释有时也用连词连词“or”连接。连接。此外，也可根据此外，也可根据定语从句定语从句来进行判断。来进行判断。a）2.The period of adolescence,the period between childhood and adulthood,may be long or short.b）The Chunn
6、el，a tunnel（隧道）（隧道）connecting England and France，is now complete小结：某些生词的词义往往会在小结：某些生词的词义往往会在下文下文中得到解释或说明中得到解释或说明 这些解释有时以这些解释有时以定义定义 定语从句定语从句 同位语同位语的形式出现的形式出现;有时用破折号有时用破折号 括号括号 冒号冒号 引号等引号等符号符号引出或圈定的引出或圈定的内容表示出来内容表示出来;有时还用有时还用that is,or,that is to say,in other words等词语引出等词语引出 1.Archaeology is the stud
7、y of the buried remains of ancient times,such as houses,pots,tools and weapons.2.The,who looks after sheep,earns about 650 yuan a year.3.On the farm they mainly raise,such as chickens,ducks and geese,for their eggs and meat.小试身手：小试身手：考古学考古学牧羊人牧羊人家禽家禽 v.全神贯注全神贯注adj.独断专行的独断专行的but,yet,however,while,whe
8、reas(但是但是,而而),otherwise,in spite of,despite,even though,although,though,unlike,instead(of),rather than,on the other hand,still,by/in contrast,on the contrary,目空一切目空一切 的，傲慢的的，傲慢的 熟练的熟练的真题演练：真题演练：真题演练：真题演练：Adj.偏僻的V.想像Adj.不能通行的 He is said to be“undersized with“short legs and a“round stomach”.Tales of t
9、he supernatural are common in all parts of Britain.They caught the emotional landscape from heartbreak to joy,but share the undeniable longing for recovery and hope.Derivation小尺寸的;较矮小的;超自然的风景不可否认的 She rested herself against a post close to the tracksConversionv.v.n.n.发言，发表意见发言，发表意见n.n.v.v.倚靠倚靠 常识常识构
10、词构词法法对对比比转转折折因因果果关关系系重复重复信息信息举例举例归纳归纳定义、定义、同位、同位、标点符号标点符号猜猜How to guess the meaning of words?仿真训练仿真训练He is a resolute man.Once he made up his mind to do something,he wont give it up halfway.A.weak B.firm C.kind D.cleverThe old woman has a strange habit to keep over 100 cats in her house.Her neighbor
11、 all call her an eccentric lady.A.爱猫的爱猫的 B.古怪的古怪的 C.闲不住闲不住 D.动物保护主义者动物保护主义者 In many countries there are two financial extremes,from penury to great wealth.A.便士便士 B.温饱温饱 C.非常贫困非常贫困 D.虚弱虚弱 A mans position among the black-tent people depends on his ancestors,relatives,and fellow tribesmen.If they are h
12、onored,he is also honored.If they are disgraced,he too is disgraced.Therefore one carefully guards the honor of his family,his lineage(宗系宗系),and his tribe.The word“disgrace”means _ in this text.A.honor B.endanger C.proud D.shame Although he often had the chance,Mr.Brown was never able to steal money
13、 from a customer.This would endangered his position at the bank,and he did not want to jeopardize his future.1.A good teacher works in quite a different way.His audience take an active part in his play:they ask and answer questions,they obey orders,and if they dont understand something,they say so.T
14、he word“audience”in the paragraph means _.A.students B.people who watch a play C.people who act on the stage D.people who listen to something常识常识 teacher-students 2.When some kind of pain killer(止痛药）was brought out recently,researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they mad
15、e the product look weak and ineffective（无效的）.The underlined part“the colours turned the customers off”means that the colours_A.Attracted the customers stronglyB.Had weak effects on the customersC.Tricked the customers into shoppingD.Caused the customers to lose interest D因果关系因果关系because 3.Collins de
16、cided that she must go,although the hazards of the trip were many,for example,the unbearable heat,the possibility of getting lost,the presence of wild animals and poisonous snakes.“hazard”means _A.pleasure,B.problem,C.danger,D.attractionC举例举例for example 4.In a culture which values only the winner an
17、d pays no attention to the ordinary players,they strongly blame competition.Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or societyThe underlined phrase“the most vocal”means_A.Those who try their best to winB.Those who value competition most hi
18、ghlyC.Those who are against competition most stronglyThose who rely on others most for successC上下文语境context or related information6.Grown-ups also have a sense of object permanence.That is to say,if we put a box in a room and lock the door,the box will still be there when we come back.“Object perman
19、ence”means that when out of sight,an object _Still exists B.keeps its shapeC.Still stays solid D.is beyond reachA1.定义definitionthat is to say 也就是说2.构词法permanentpermanence7.A childs birthday party doesnt have to be a hassle;instead,it can be a basket of fun,according to Beth Anaclerio,an Evaston moth
20、er of two,ages 4 and 18 months.What does the underlined word hassle“probably mean?A.a party designed by specialists B.a plan requiring careful thought C.a situation causing difficulty or trouble D.a demand made by guests 比较比较comparison(instead相反相反,反而反而)8.William Shakespeare said.“The web of our life
21、 is of a mingled yarn（纱线），good and ill together.”The underlined word“mingled”most probably means .Asimple Bmixed Csad DhappyBdefinition or explanation 定义或解释猜测词义定义或解释猜测词义 9.Please stay on permitted paths.Otherwise you may destroy desert plants.Pack out what you pack in,so you leave no signs of your v
22、isit.It is important to keep in mind that you are in a national park where wildlife exists.What does the underlined words“pack out what you pack in”probably mean?_A.keep everything out of campgroundsB.take away everything you bring inC.carry all the necessary foodD.look after your personal belonging
23、s 10.Lions are opportunists.They prefer to eat without having to do too much work.When resting in the shade,they are also watching the sky to see what is flying by,and even in the heat of the day they will suddenly start up and run a mile across the plains to find out what is going on.If another ani
24、mal has made a kill,they will drive it off and take the kill for themselves.By describing lions as“opportunists”,the author means to say that lions _.A.are cruel animals B.are clever animalsC.Like to take advantage of（利用）（利用）other animalsD.Like to take every chance to eat构词法及下文解释构词法及下文解释opportunity-ist
