1、Unit 5 Words and expressionsbasis n.基础基础;基准基准,原则原则 on the basis of 在.的基础上；根据.base v.以以.为根据为根据 n.底部底部basic adj.基本的基本的,基础的基础的basically adv.根本地，基本地1)经济基础 the economic basis2)基本原理 a basic principle3)A good parent-children relationship should be set up _ the basis of mutual/mjutul/understanding and respe
2、ct.相互的(复数复数_)bases on4)You should base your opinion on facts.Theory is based on practice.5)爱迪生(Edison)的想法是基于科学实验上的。Edison based his ideas on scientific experiments.Edisons ideas were based on scientific experiments.6)_(base)an important decision more on emotion than on reason,you will regret it soon
3、er or later.basis n.基础基础;基准基准,原则原则 on the basis of 在.的基础上；根据.base v.以以.为根据为根据 n.底部底部base A on/upon B 人做主语人做主语 把A基于B A be based on B 物物做主语做主语 A以B为基础basic adj.基本的基本的,基础的基础的(复数复数_)bases Basingloan/ln/n.贷款；借款贷款；借款take out a loan 取得贷款pay off a loan 还清贷款plastic adj.&n.The pipes should be made of plastic.a
4、 plastic bag/cup/toy 塑料袋杯玩具apologise/apologize vi.道歉，谢罪apology n.I apologized to her for stepping on her foot.I made an apology to her for stepping on her foot.apologize to sb.for(doing)sthmake an apology to sb.for(doing)sthapologised to her for making mistakesapology ignore/n(r)/vt.忽视；忽视；对对不予理会不予理会
5、ignorance n.无知；愚昧无知；愚昧 ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的无知的；愚昧的1)无视无视交通规则交通规则 ignore traffic rules 2)不顾个人不顾个人安危安危 ignore personal safety 3)用用ignore的适当形式填空的适当形式填空 They fought a long battle against prejudice and _.He felt himself very_.Last week a tennis ball hit me on the head,but I tried_ the pain,believing that
6、 it would go away sooner or later.ignorance ignorant to ignorein return 作为回报作为回报；作为回应；作为回应1.When we help someone,should we expect to get something in return?2.I bought him a drink in return for his help.3.The teacher called out students names in turn.in return for 作为对.的回报in turn 逐个地,依次（后须接宾语（后须接宾语)为
7、了回报你的善意和慷慨为了回报你的善意和慷慨，我想请你吃饭。，我想请你吃饭。In return for your kindness and generosity,I would like to invite you to dinner.judge/dd/v.判断；估计；评判；评价判断；估计；评判；评价n.法官；裁判员法官；裁判员judgement n.判断力判断力1.Dont judge a book by its cover.2.As far as I can judge,English is more useful than Japanese.3.He showed excellent ju
8、dgement in choosing a friend.4.Judging from his worried face,we knew that he must have had some trouble.1.judge A from/by B 从A来判断B2.As far as I can judge 据我判断3.Judging from/by.根据.判断(常作非谓语放句首常作非谓语放句首)scene n.(戏剧或歌剧戏剧或歌剧)场景场景;现场；场面现场；场面the scene of the accident behind the scenes 在后台，在幕后在后台，在幕后1)火灾发生时，
9、他就在现场在现场。He was on the scene when the fire happened.2)The moment the police received the call,they rushed to the scene,_ a traffic accident happened.where narrator n.(书、戏剧或电影中的书、戏剧或电影中的)叙述者；幕后讲解员叙述者；幕后讲解员 narration n.叙述；解说叙述；解说narrate v.叙述；给（纪录片或节目）做解说叙述；给（纪录片或节目）做解说 Andrew entertained them by _his
10、new film,in which he had the detailed _.So he was the _ of this film.narrating用用narrator 适当形式填空适当形式填空narrationnarrator bet vt.&vi.用用打赌打赌 n.打赌打赌;赌注赌注 vt.敢说敢说,肯定肯定(bet-bet;betting)与某人打个赌 You bet.的确；当然-Will you tell my dad the truth that I failed in the English exam?-You bet.He has the right to know.ma
11、ke a bet with sb.servant n.仆人;佣人a public servant 公务员service n.（对顾客的）接待，服务;公共服务系统；公共事业 public servicesserve v.服务;提供;端上;够吃/用;接待 Breakfast is served between 7 and 10 a.m.早餐供应时间从7点到10点。Serve the lamb with new potatoes and green beans.羊肉配新鲜土豆和青刀豆一起上。She served us a delicious lunch.她招待我们吃了一顿可口的午餐。Shall I
12、serve?现在上菜好吗？as a matter of fact 实际上,事实上=in fact=actually =in realityby accident 偶然地；意外地 =by chanceaccidental adj.意外的，偶然的accidentally adv.意外地，偶然地by design/on purpose故意地by mistake 错误地;无意中It doesnt happen by accident but on purpose.sail v.(船)航行;(人)乘船航行 sail around the world sail across the Atlantic 乘船
13、横渡大西洋sailor n.海员;水手spot v.看见;注意到;发现（-tt-）n.地点;处所;斑点;污迹spot sb/sth doing sth 看到某人/物正在做on the spot 在现场（on the scene）;当场，当下a white cat with black spots a quite spota tourist spot 旅游景点spotted adj.有斑点的；有污渍的The plain was spotted with a herd of cows and sheep.His jacket was covered with spots of mud.I fina
14、lly spotted my friend in the crowd.Neighbors spotted smoke coming out of the house.被点缀dare vi.&modal v.胆敢;敢于情态动词(多用于否定句和疑问句中)dare to do sth.敢于做某事 -Dare you swim in the river?-Yes,I dare./No,I darent.实义动词（有人称、数和时态的变化）dare+do Anyway,I didnt dare to try again.sort n.种类，类别 v.将分类，整理a sort of 一种 sort/kind
15、 of 有几分，有点儿，稍微 all sorts of 各种各样的(名词前)of all sorts各种各样的(名词后)sort out 整理，把安排好，挑出，解决sort out the emailssort out the papers to be thrown awaysort out the problems1.Films of that sort have lost their appeal for me.2.It is sort of difficult for the architect to design a building like that.3.We must sort
16、_ the good apples from the bad ones.outmining n.采矿；采矿业mine n.矿井；矿 v.开矿，采矿miner n.矿工；采矿者patience n.耐心;忍耐力;毅力have/lose patience with 对有/失去耐心 patient n.病人 adj.有耐心的 be patient withpatiently adv.有耐心地impatience n.不耐烦，无耐心 impatient adj.没有耐心的1)用patience适当形式填空Be _ when you examine _.Being _will cause bad res
17、ults.2)It seems that some youngsters have no patience _ anything.=It seems that some youngsters lose patience with anything.=It seems that some youngsters are not patient with anything.patient patientsimpatient with to be honest 说实话honestly speakingto tell(you)the truthto be frank frankly speakingho
18、nesty n.诚实，正直诚实，正直说实在的，你不能以貌取人。To be honest,you cannot judge a book by its cover.To be honest,you cannot judge a person by his appearance.ought to do sth.应当/该做某事(should）他们应该为他们的粗鲁和无礼道歉。They ought to apologize for their rude and impolite acts.be about to do 即将或正要(做某事)be about to do.when.正要做某事突然(未做）be
19、 doing.when.正在做某事突然1)我正要放弃搜索，这时突然发现（spot）有人从房间走了出来。I was about to give up the search when I spotted a man walking out from the room.2)我正在写作业，这时突然下起大雨。I am doing my homework when it rained heavily.indicate v.表明;显示;象征;暗示indication n.迹象，标示他所说的话表明他已经对他的父母失去了耐心。What he said indicates that he has lost pat
20、ience with his parents.beneath adv./prep.在(或往)下面;在的表面之下postpone v.延迟;延期;延缓;推迟 postpone doing sth.延迟/推迟做The game has already been postponed three times.odd adj.奇怪的;怪异的;反常的;单数的,奇数的an odd-looking house 样子怪异的房子Theyre very odd people.1,3,5 and 7 are odd numbers.obligation n.义务，职责，责任a moral obligation 道德义
21、务a sense of obligation 责任感intention n.打算;计划;意图;目的intend v.打算;计划;想要;意指 intend to do sth intend that intended adj.为打算的 be intended for/to do 为打算(或设计)的nowhere adv.无处；任何地方都不Nowhere to be found/seen 不可能找到/看见The child was nowhere to be seen.in case 以防万一（接句子，表示条件或目的）in case of 万一，如果（接名词、代词或动名词）in that case
22、 既然那样，如果那样的话in no case 绝不extent n.程度;限度;大小;范围to some extent 在某种程度上to an extent 在某种程度上Thats true,to a certain extent.To some extent this was the truth.musical n.音乐剧 adj.音乐的music n.音乐 play/perform 播放音乐 dance to music 伴着音乐跳舞musician n.音乐家hug v./n.拥抱;抱紧 hugging hugged give sb.a (big)hug 给某人一个拥抱hug tight
23、ly他们互相拥抱。They hugged each other.她紧紧地搂住孩子。She hugged her child tightly.pursue v.追求;致力于pursue a goal pursue pleasurepursuit n.追求不管有多难,我都会追求我的梦想。(续写佳句）I am eager for getting an opportunity that I can pursue further education.No matter how hard it is,I will pursue my dream.我渴望得到一个继续深造的机会。duty n.责任;义务;职责
24、;值班 be on duty 值班值班,执勤执勤be off duty 不值日不值日/班班/勤勤perform ones duty 尽职责尽职责hesitate v.犹豫;迟疑;顾虑hesitate about/overdont/never hesitate to do sth.hesitation n.犹豫;疑虑 with hesitation 毫不犹豫地I didnt hesitate for a moment about taking the job.我毫不犹豫地接受了那份工作。Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have any qu
25、eries.如果有疑问就请尽管和我联系。eventually adv.最后;终于eventual adj.最后的，最终的event n.事情;事件;大事;比赛项目最终，她找到了工作。_.Eventually,she got a job.manner n.举止;行为方式;方法manners n.礼貌;礼仪in a manner 以一种的方式;带着一副的样子table manners 餐桌礼仪It is good/bad manners to do 做是有/无礼貌It is bad manners to talk _such a rude manner.在亚洲某些国家，进屋之前脱下鞋子才是有礼貌的
26、。Before entering a house in some Asian countries,it is good manners to take off your shoes.in downstairs adv.顺楼梯而下;在楼下;往楼下upstairs adv.楼上go downstairs/upstairs 下楼/上楼stair n.楼梯，梯级aside adv.到旁边;在旁边;留;存She pulled the curtain aside.set aside 留;存储;留出；把放在一边putaside 节省;存储;把.放/搁置一边aside from=apart from我们存了一
27、些钱作为修理费用。We set aside some money for repairs.side n.侧面;一边;一侧;一旁frown n.&v.皱眉frown at.朝.皱眉头frown upon/on 不赞成，不同意In her family,any expression of feeling was frowned upon.她家里对任何感情的流露都不以为然。He shook his head,_(frown).frowningoption n.可选择的事物;选择;选择权have two options 有两种选择optional adj.选择性的;可自由选择的;随意的;选修的 hav
28、e optional courses 上选修课broad adj.宽阔的;广阔的;广泛的a broad smile 满面笑容a broad street/river 宽广的街道/河流broaden v.使扩大，使变宽 broaden ones horizons 开阔某人的视野abroad adv.indeed adv.其实;实际上;当然;确实;的确A friend in need is a friend indeed.Thank you very much indeed.真的很感谢你。deed n.行为;行动 do a good/bad deed 做好/坏事normal adj.典型的;正常的
29、;一般的;精神正常的 n.常态;通常标准;一般水平abnormal adj.反常的;不正常的;变态的;畸形的 normally adv.正常地，通常 return to normal 恢复正常 担心你家人的安全是正常的。Its normal to feel anxious about your familys safety.normal university 师范大学willing adj.愿意;乐意;积极肯干的be willing to do sth 愿意或乐意做某unwilling adj.不乐意的willingness n.愿意，乐意I _ the games with them som
30、etimes.有时我不愿意和他们玩游戏。was unwilling to playelement n.C 要素;元素一个主要因素 a key element化学元素 chemical elements基本要素 basic elementsplot n.C 故事情节;布局;阴谋;（专用的）小块土地a simple/complex plota small plot of landupper adj.the upper lipthe upper atmosphere 高层大气upper-class adj.上流社会的;上等阶层的lower-class 下层阶级的;底层社会的middle-class
31、中产阶级的;中等收入阶层的maintain v.维持;保持;维修;保养maintain a balance 保持平衡 maintain a family/road 维持一家人的生活/养路permission n.准许;许可;批准;许可证with/without ones permission 有/没有的许可/允许/批准permit v.允许，准许；使有可能 permitted-permitting n.通行证，许可证 permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事permit doing sth.允许做某事1)Circumstances(形势)do not permit me _(he
32、lp)you,so if you dont gain _(permit),you cant go inside.2)We will have a picnic at the beach,_(如果天气允许的话).3)未经许可，阅读别人的信件是违法的。It is illegal to read peoples private letters without permission.to help permissionweather permitting/if weather permitssaying n.谚语;格言;警句 as the saying goes 常言道常言道;俗话说俗话说;谚语谚语说说external adj.外部的;外面的;外来的 external pressure 外来压力 internal adj.内部的俗话说，人不可貌相。As the saying goes,“Dont judge a book by its cover.”
