1、meltecologyhabitablesustainthe way in which plants,animals,and people are related to each other and to their environment,or the scientific study of this to make something continue to exist or happen for a period of timegood enough for people to live init changes to a liquid,usually because it has be
2、en heated.词根词缀：词根词缀：eco-经济，生态经济，生态 -logy 学说学说ecological adj.生态的生态的;生态学的生态学的ecologist n.生态学家生态学家 ecosystem n.生态系统生态系统fuelcomprehensiveworldwidetrendincluding all the necessary facts,details,or problems that need to be dealt with a substance such as coal,gas,or oil that can be burned to produce heat o
3、r energya general tendency in the way a situation is changing or developingeverywhere in the worldfrequentlybroadcastpolicyfootprinta way of doing something that has been officially agreed and chosen by a political party,business,or other organizationvery often or many timesa mark made by a foot or
4、shoeto send out radio or television programmes1.There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.There is little doubt.几乎几乎没有疑问的是没有疑问的是There is no doubt that.毫无疑问的是毫无疑问的是There is some doubt about sth.对对值得值得怀疑怀疑that引导同位语从句，解释说明引导同位语从句，解释说明doubt的具体内容的具体内容注意：注意：doubt前有否定意义的词修饰时，其后的同位语从句由前有
5、否定意义的词修饰时，其后的同位语从句由that引导；引导；doubt前有肯定意义的词修饰时，其后的同位语从前有肯定意义的词修饰时，其后的同位语从句由句由whether或或if引导。引导。eg On the other hand,there is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems getting on with other people.There is no doubt that he is honest.There is some doubt about his ability.I have some doub
6、t whether he will be fit in time for next Sundays match.2.According to the scientists who found its dead body,all that remained of the polar bear was“skin and bones”.who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词引导的定语从句，修饰先行词scientiststhat引导的定语从句，修饰先行词引导的定语从句，修饰先行词all,that不能用不能用which代替代替句意：根据发现北极熊尸体的科学家的说法，这只北极熊句意：根据发现北极熊尸体的科学家的
7、说法，这只北极熊只剩下了只剩下了“皮和骨头皮和骨头”。3.the bear appeared to have starved and died.本句本句中中appear是系动词是系动词，to have starved and died是不定式是不定式作表语。作表语。starve这个动作发生在这个动作发生在appear之前，所以用完成式之前，所以用完成式的形式来表达。的形式来表达。starve v.to suffer or die because you do not have enough to eat(使使)挨饿挨饿;饿死饿死e.g.Thousands of people will star
8、ve if food doesnt reach there.The schools are starved of funding.starve to death 饿死饿死be starve of/for 缺乏缺乏/急需急需【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。1)那次饥荒那次饥荒(famine)中中有许多人饿死了有许多人饿死了。2)那个可怜的孩子急需关注。那个可怜的孩子急需关注。3)给给我准备些吃的！我快饿死了！我准备些吃的！我快饿死了！Many people starved to death because of the famine.The poor kid is just starve
9、d for attention.Please prepare some food for me.Im starving!4.Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the“greenhouse effect”,which has two common meanings:the“natural”greenhouse effect and the“man-made”greenhouse effect.过去分词作后置定语，修饰名词过去分词作后置定语，修饰名词processwhich引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰引导的非
10、限制性定语从句，修饰the“greenhouse effect”句意：句意：气候学家经常提到一个被称为气候学家经常提到一个被称为“温室效应温室效应”的关键气的关键气候过程，它有两个常见的含义：候过程，它有两个常见的含义：“自然自然”温室效应和温室效应和“人为人为”温室效应。温室效应。5.The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths.release vt.:to let a substance flow out 排放排放；释放；释放release sth.into sth.eg Oil was released into
11、the sea.Coal power stations release sulphur dioxide(二氧化硫二氧化硫)into the atmosphere.release vt.:to let news or official information be known and printed 发布发布eg The latest news has just been released to the media.release n.排放；释放；发布排放；释放；发布eg The accident caused the release of radioactivity(放射性物放射性物质质)in
12、to the atmosphere.There are strict rules on the release of official information.【语境应用语境应用】完成句子完成句子。1)The prisoner has served his sentence and _(release)tomorrow.2)When she was alone,she burst into tears,_(release)all her emotions.will be released releasing6.Without this process,Earth could not susta
13、in life.sustain v.to make something continue to exist or happen for a period of time 保持保持，维持，使持续，维持，使持续eg She found it difficult to sustain the childrens interest.sustain v.to suffer damage,an injury,or loss of money 遭受遭受，经受，经受eg Two of the fire-fighters sustained serious injuries.【拓展拓展】sustainable
14、adj.可持续的，合理利用的可持续的，合理利用的 sustainable economic growth 经济的可持续增长经济的可持续增长【语境应用语境应用】完成句子完成句子 1)The ice was too thin to _(承受体重承受体重)of the goat.2)The typhoon left,and the city had _(遭受巨大破坏遭受巨大破坏).3)The aim of the meeting was to promote _(可持续发展可持续发展)in that area.sustain the weight sustained great damage sus
15、tainable development7.When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels huge amounts of+不可数不可数名词名词 大量，许多大量，许多修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用复复数数形式形式a huge amount of+不可数不可数名词名词 大量，许多大量，许多修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数单数形式形式eg A huge amount of money has been spent on this
16、 project.eg Huge amounts of damage have been done in a short time.(1)一般只用来一般只用来修饰可数名词复数形式修饰可数名词复数形式的有：的有：a great/good many,a great/large/good number of,quite a few等。等。(2)一般只用来一般只用来修饰不可数名词修饰不可数名词的有的有:quite a little,a great deal of,a large amount of,large amounts of 等等。【归纳归纳】表示表示“许多，大量许多，大量”的短语：的短语：(3
17、)既可既可修饰可数名词复数形式，又可修饰不可数名词修饰可数名词复数形式，又可修饰不可数名词的有：的有：plenty of,a lot of,lots of,a mass of,masses of等，这时谓等，这时谓语动词的单复数形式取决于它们后面所接的名词的形式。语动词的单复数形式取决于它们后面所接的名词的形式。(4)a large quantity of和和large quantities of后既后既可接可数名词可接可数名词复数形式复数形式，又，又可接不可数名词可接不可数名词，这时谓语动词的单复数，这时谓语动词的单复数形式要由形式要由quantity的单复数形式来决定。的单复数形式来决定。
18、【语境应用语境应用】从从括号内选择适当的词填空。括号内选择适当的词填空。1)Its reported that a good amount of money _(was/were)spent to prevent and control desertification(荒漠荒漠化化).2)A large number of houses _(was/were)destroyed in the earthquake.3)I think that large amounts of time _(is/are)wasted in watching TV series.4)A large quanti
19、ty of flowers _(has/have)been planted in our school.was were are has8.There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide,not only causing serious damage,but also costing human lives.主句主句剩余的部分是剩余的部分是that引导的
20、同位语从句，引导的同位语从句，解释解释evidence的具体内容。的具体内容。not only,but also是两个并列的现在分词短语作结果是两个并列的现在分词短语作结果状语状语9.In fact,news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses.现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰rainstorms and heatwavesbroadcast v.to send out radio or tel
21、evision programmes 广播广播;播送播送eg The interview was broadcast live across China.broadcast v.to tell sth.to a lot of people使广为传播，散布使广为传播，散布eg Dont broadcast the fact that he lost his job.broadcast n.a programme on the radio or on television广播节目广播节目;电视节目电视节目a news broadcast 一一档新闻档新闻节目节目a live broadcast o
22、f the concert 音乐会的现场直播音乐会的现场直播【点拨点拨】a live broadcast(n.)broadcast(v.)live现场直播现场直播10.Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate.result in:to make something happen 导致导致，造成，造成eg The accident resulted in the death of two passengers.Ou
23、r efforts resulted in success.【拓展拓展】result from.由由造成造成;因因而产生而产生 as a result of.由于由于的的结果结果 as a result 结果结果(在句中常用作插入语在句中常用作插入语,相当于一个副词相当于一个副词)eg His failure resulted from not working hard enough.He is unable to go to school as a result of the fall from his horse.He saved the life of the boss daughter
24、.As a result he was given an excellent job.【语境应用语境应用】翻译翻译下面句子。下面句子。1)他的粗心导致了他的失败。他的粗心导致了他的失败。2)他犯了一个大错误，因此失去了工作。他犯了一个大错误，因此失去了工作。3)疾病通常是由缺乏睡眠引起的。疾病通常是由缺乏睡眠引起的。His carelessness resulted in his failure.He made one big mistake,and as a result he lost his job./He lost his job as a result of one big mist
25、ake.Sickness often results from lack of sleep.11.We as individuals can also reduce our“carbon footprint”by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.restrict vt.to limit or control the size,amount,or range of something 限制限制；限定；限定eg In future we will restrict class sizes to 20 s
26、tudents.Im restricting myself to a piece of candy a day.省略了省略了that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词的定语从句，修饰先行词carbon dioxiderestriction n.a rule or law that limits or controls what people can do 限制限制规定；限制法规；约束规定；限制法规；约束eg The park is open to the public without restriction.It is a club with strict restrictions on it
27、s membership.I am restricted to three cups of tea a day.【语境应用语境应用】翻译翻译下列句子。下列句子。1)我被限制一天喝三杯茶。我被限制一天喝三杯茶。2)他不喜欢他们限制他选择的自由。他不喜欢他们限制他选择的自由。He dislikes their restriction of his freedom of choice.12.It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming,seize vt.to t
28、ake hold of something suddenly and violently 抓住抓住seize a chance/an opportunity:to quickly and eagerly do something when you have the chance to 抓住机会抓住机会/时机时机eg Seize the chance,otherwise youll regret it.I seized his arm and made him turn to look at me.seize vt.to take control of a place suddenly and
29、quickly,using military force 夺取夺取eg The soldiers seized the city after a hard fight.seize vt.(of a strong feeling,desire,etc)affect(sb)suddenly and overwhelmingly（指强烈的感情、愿望等）突（指强烈的感情、愿望等）突然影响或控制（某人）然影响或控制（某人）eg I was seized with a sudden desire to laugh out loud.When she saw his face,she was seized
30、by fear.【语境应用语境应用】根据根据汉语翻译补全句子。汉语翻译补全句子。1)The young man _ and made some money.这个年轻人抓住机会赚了一些钱。这个年轻人抓住机会赚了一些钱。2)They _ in a surprise attack.他们突袭攻占了机场。他们突袭攻占了机场。3)I was suddenly _ great insecurity and loneliness.我突然感到很没有安全感，很孤独。我突然感到很没有安全感，很孤独。seized by/with a feeling ofseized the chanceseized the airport
