1、选择性必修三Unit 3直接引语和间接引语Discovering Useful StructureLook at the sentences in both columns and discuss the differences between each pair.Summarize the rules for changing direct speech into indirect speech.1 The expert said that from the position of its dead body,the bear appeared to have starved and die
2、d.2 The reporter asked whether polar bears would die out because of climate change.3 The reporter asked how we could save polar bears from extinction.4 The expert advised us to work together to stop climate change.1 The expert said“from the position of its dead body,the bear appeared to have starved
3、 and died.”2 The reporter asked,“Will polar bears die out because of climate change?”3 The reporter asked,“How can we save polar bears from extinction?”4“Lets work together to stop climate change,”the expert said.Direct speechIndirect speechTo report what exactly has been saidThe words usually appea
4、r in quotation marksTo report what has been said without using the exact wordsNo quotation marksPart 01直接引语和间接引语都是啥？直接引语间接引语引述I have a dream.Martin Luther King said,“I have a dream.”Martin Luther King said that he had a dream.引语的概念引语的概念直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引述别人的原话，叫 _;_;直接引语直接引语Direct Speech 用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，
5、叫用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫 _。间接引语间接引语indirect Speech直接引语通常都用直接引语通常都用_括起来，括起来，引号引号“”间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个 _。宾语从句宾语从句 直接引语怎么变间接引语？Martin Luther King said,“I have a dream.”Martin Luther King said that he had a dream.人称变化时态变化句式变化规则01020304人称变化句式变化代词等其他变化时态变化人称变化人称变化0101 I bought pearls for my mother.Tom
6、 said.Tom said that he had bought pearls for his mother.(1)一随主:直接引语中有第一人称时，在改为间接引语时，其人称与 主句中的主语的人称保持一致。人称变化She said to me,“You speak English better than me.”She said to me that I spoke English better than her.(2)二随宾:直接引语中有第二人称时，在改为间接引语时其人称和主句的宾语保持一致。人称变化 She said，“He will be busy.”She said that he w
7、ould be busy.3)三不变:直接引语中有第三人称时，在改为间接引语时不发生变化。人称变化【注意】如果主句中无宾语，可以根据语境添加合适的宾语。Why are you late again?the teacher asked.The teacher asked me why I was late again.人称变化me时态变化时态变化02021.She said,“walk.”She said(that)walked.2.She said,“walking.”She said(that)was walking.3.She said,“.”She said(that)had walke
8、d.（一般现在时）（一般过去时）（现在进行时）（过去进行时）（现在完成时）（过去完成时）时态变化.主句的谓语动词是过去时主句的谓语动词是过去时,从句时态往前移：从句时态往前移：4.He said,“walked.”He said(that)had walked.5.He said,“.”He said(that)had walked.6.He said,“.”He said(that)would walk.（一般过去时）（过去完成时）（过去完成时）（过去完成时）（一般将来时）（过去将来时）.直接引语 变成 间接引语时，以下情况，时态不变：(1)主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句时态不变;He say
9、s,“I didnt broke the window.”He says that he didnt broke the window.(2)直接引语描述:客观事实、真理名言、习惯性动作,从句时态不变;“The earth moves around the sun,”the teacher told us.The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.(3)如果直接引语中由具体的过去某年/月/日作状语，从句时态不变。The old man said,“I was born on April 20,1949.”The old ma
10、n said(that)he was born on April 20,1949.时态变化练习1.He said，“I am very sorry.”He said that he _ very sorry.2.“She is preparing her lessons，”I said.I said that she _ her lessons.3.She said,“I have lost a pen.”She said she _ a pen.4.He said to me，“Jane spent all her time doing that.”He told me（that）Jane
11、_all her time doing that.waswas preparinghad losthad spent 5.She said,“I like English very much.”She said she_ English very much.6.Tom said,“We are listening to the pop music.”Tom said that they _ to the pop music.7.Mother asked,“Have you finished your homework before you watch TV?”Mother asked me w
12、hether I _ my homework before I watched TV.8.She said,“Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”She said that their bus _ in five minutes.were listeninghad finishedwould arrive liked句式变化句式变化0303.直接引语是陈述句,改为由that引导的宾语从句,that可省略。eg.She said,“Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”She said their bus would ar
13、rive in five minutes.(that)句式变化.直接引语是反意/选择/一般,改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。eg.He said,“Can you swim,John?”He asked John he could swim.if句式变化.直接引语是特殊,改为由疑问代词(what/which)或连接副词（when/where/why/how)引导的宾语从句且宾语从句必须用陈述语序。eg.She asked me，“When do they have their dinner?”She asked me they had their dinner.when句式变化其他变
14、化其他变化0404代代”(指示代词指示代词)“状状”(时间时间/地点状语地点状语)“动动”(方向性动词方向性动词).指示代词：thisthat thesethat.时间状语：now(此时)then(那时)agobefore todaythat day tomorrowthe next day yesterdaythe day before last weekthe week before this eveningthat evening.地点状语：herethere .方向性动词：bringtake comego 其他变化 Examples:1.She said,“.”She said(tha
15、t)t.2.“”They said.They asked Tom to went there.3.Sarah said,“”Sarah said(that)she had性质：性质：间接引语在多数情况下是一个宾语从句间接引语在多数情况下是一个宾语从句人称人称:一随主一随主,二随宾二随宾,三不变三不变时态：时态：主句为主句为一般过去时态一般过去时态，从句时态往前移，从句时态往前移引导词引导词:陈述句陈述句:用用thatthat一般疑问句一般疑问句:用用ifif或或whetherwhether特殊疑问句特殊疑问句:用用特殊疑问词特殊疑问词祈使句祈使句：tell sb.to do s.th ask
16、sb.to do s.th order sb.to do s.th其他变化1.“I never eat meat.”he said.He said that never meat.2.The teacher said,“The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun in the east and _ down in the west.3.“I meet her here.”he told me.He me that he her .4.He said to Jim,“You
17、can sit here,Jim.”He Jim that he sit there.5.He asked her mother,“How do you find it,mother?”He asked her mother it.heaterisesgoestoldmettheretoldcouldhowshefoundPractice 根据划线部分提示，将下列直接引语改为间接引语。(1)Betty said,“My dad thinks I should take the offer now.”.(2)“This used to be the center of the town,”he
18、said.(3)The man said,“My neighbor will be back.”Betty said that her Dad thought she should take the offer then.Exercises:He said that that used to be the center of the town.The man said that his neighbour would be back.(4)She said,“I have come to Chongqing 3 years ago.(5)“Have you read it?”asked Aunt Shelly.(if/whether).(6)“is your first stop?”asked my father.She said that she had come to Chongqing 3 years before.Aunt Shelly asked if/weather she/he had read it.My father asked me what is my first stop.THANKS
