1、the passive voiceUNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION1 Our TV set _(repair)yesterday.2 A new building _(build)in our school next year.3 Many books on science _ (buy)since I went to college.4 How _ the Great Pyramid _(build)many years ago without modern machines.5 These apples_(sell)well because they _(look)nice.6
2、 Smoking _ (allow)in public places in China.was repairedwill be builthave been boughtwasbuiltselllookis not allowed7 Andy loves playing the piano.He _(hear)playing the piano after school very often.8 With the development of science,more new technology _ (introduce)to the fields of IT.9 When we got t
3、here,the broken road _(repair).10 The product _(try)out for many times before it was put into market.11 The project _ (finish)by the end of next month.is heardis being introducedwas being repared/had been repairedhad been triedwill have been finished主动语态表示句子主语是动作的执行者被动语态表示句子主语是动作的承受者。谓语动词的形式是“be动词的过
4、去分词”。The active voiceThe passive voice什么时候什么时候常常用用被动语态被动语态?不知道或没必不知道或没必要指出动作的要指出动作的执行者时执行者时 强调动作的承强调动作的承受者受者 出于礼貌避免出于礼貌避免说出动作的执说出动作的执行者行者被动语态被动语态下面几种情况一般用被动语态下面几种情况一般用被动语态:(1)不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时。The meeting has been put off for some reason.会议已因故被推迟了。被动语态被动语态(2)强调动作的承受者时。This sculpture was carved by him
5、.这个雕塑是他雕刻的。被动语态被动语态(3)出于礼貌避免说出动作的执行者时。Everyone is expected to obey the following rules.希望大家遵守以下规定。一般一般时时 进行进行时时 完成完成时时 现在 过去 将来 am/is/are donewas/were doneshall/will be doneam/is/are being donewas/were being done 无has/have been donehad been doneshall/will have been done1主动句的谓语动词带有复合宾语时，应 将宾语变成被动句的主语
6、，而将宾语补 足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语变为主 语补足语)。e.g.The police caught the thief stealing.The thief was caught stealing.(1)We saw him sitting there without doing anything.He _ there without doing anything.was seen sitting 四、各种时态的被动语态中的特殊情况(2)His words made me throw up.I _ by his words.他的话令我作呕。名师点津 在主动语态中，make，hear，s
7、ee 等词后接不 定式时要省略to，但转换为被动语态时，则不 能省略to。was made to throw up 2带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动 句时，可将表示物的(直接)宾语变为主语，用for或to引出表示人的(间接)宾语，或将表 示人的(间接)宾语变为主语。My father is telling me an interesting story now.An interesting story _ by my father now.I _an interesting story by my father now.is being told to me am being told
8、 The old man was often laughed _.那位老人经常被嘲笑。3.短语动词在主动结构中是不可分割的,在被动结构中也是如此,不可去掉后面的介词或副词。e.g.That is what should be paid attention to.at4主动形式表示被动意义(1)连系动词(如look，sound，smell，feel，taste，remain，seem，hear，appear，prove等)后接表语时，一般用主动形式表 示被动意义。The food _delicious.这种食物尝起来美味可口。What he said at the meeting _ encou
9、raging.他在会上说的话听起来令人备受鼓舞。tastessounded(2)当wash,write,sell,open,close,shut,lock，cook等不及物动词后加副词(easily，well等)时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。This kind of cloth _ easily and lasts long.这种布料很容易洗，并且耐穿。The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift _ smoothly.父亲给我的作为生日礼物的钢笔写起来很 流畅。washeswrites(3)need,want,require，deserve等doing用主 动形式表示被动意义。His hair needs _.His hair needs to be cut.他的头发需要剪了。(4)be worth doing be worthy to be done主动 形式表被动意义。The novel is worth _again.The novel is worthy to be read again.这部小说值得再读一次。cuttingreading
