1、 高考英语新题型高考英语新题型 语法填空语法填空Rational Cloze Teaching objectivesTeaching objectives针对语法填空题针对语法填空题进行命题分析进行命题分析结合示例给予解题指导结合示例给予解题指导 命命 题题 宗宗 旨旨旨在考查：旨在考查：语法和语用知识语法和语用知识综合语言运用能力综合语言运用能力着重考查：着重考查：题材：题材：生活经历或成语故生活经历或成语故事，其内容体现文化内涵，事，其内容体现文化内涵，或给人心灵以启迪等。或给人心灵以启迪等。语篇形式语篇形式:短文或对话短文或对话长度：长度：200词左右词左右命命 题题 特特 点点体裁：体
2、裁：记叙文为主记叙文为主纯空格类纯空格类：（：（3-4个题）个题）提示词类提示词类：（：（6-7个题）个题）特别提醒：特别提醒：填的词在填的词在3个以内个以内 命命 题题 形形 式式 语语 法法 考考 点点实词实词动动词、名词、代词词、名词、代词形容词、副词形容词、副词虚词虚词 连词、介词、连词、介词、代词、冠词代词、冠词 句法句法词法词法复合句的引导词。如定语从复合句的引导词。如定语从句，名词性从句，状语从句句，名词性从句，状语从句 阅读和理解语篇阅读和理解语篇分析句子结构分析句子结构熟练运用语法熟练运用语法正确拼写单词正确拼写单词命命 题题 能能 力力 要要 求求四种能四种能力力 语法知识
3、语法知识 逻辑关系逻辑关系 语篇标志语篇标志 固定词组固定词组 词汇知识词汇知识 生活常识生活常识依依据据解解 题题 思思 路路句型搭配句型搭配1.通读全文，了解大意。通读全文，了解大意。2.试填空格，后难先易。试填空格，后难先易。3.重读全文，解决难题。重读全文，解决难题。解解 题题 步步 骤骤 纯空格题的解题技巧纯空格题的解题技巧一般填一般填代代词、词、冠冠词、词、介介词、词、连连词、词、从句关联从句关联词、词、助助动词、动词、情态情态动词。动词。1.分析句子结构确定填哪类词。分析句子结构确定填哪类词。2.根据句意，句子间的逻辑关系根据句意，句子间的逻辑关系和固定搭配，和固定搭配，确定具体
4、填什么确定具体填什么词；有以下技巧：词；有以下技巧：技巧技巧1：缺：缺主主语或语或宾宾语，一定语，一定 是填是填代代词或词或名名词词(多考多考代代词词)。_is a fact that China is stronger than before.It点拨点拨：句子缺主语，应填名词：句子缺主语，应填名词或代词；或代词；it 指代真正的主语指代真正的主语thatbefore这个句子。这个句子。技巧技巧2：名词前面的空格很可能名词前面的空格很可能是填是填限定词限定词(冠词、形容词性物冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词主代词、不定代词)The head of the village was tying
5、up his horse to my car to pull it to _small town some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage.a表示表示“一个一个”技巧技巧3：句子不缺主语、表语、句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填词或代词前面，一定是填介介词。词。Its an honour for me to be invited _a guest in their house.as作为作为 语法知识：语法知识：6.9.17.2010.13技巧技巧4：若几个单词或短语之若几个单词或
6、短语之间没有连词，可能是填间没有连词，可能是填连连词。词。She came up _ gave Mother a big hug.and点拨：点拨：因因came up和和gave Mother a big hug两个动词短语之间没有连词，两个动词短语之间没有连词，且两者是并列关系，故填且两者是并列关系，故填and。技巧技巧5：若两句之间没有连词也没若两句之间没有连词也没有分号或句号，一定是填有分号或句号，一定是填连接连接词。词。He was very tired after doing this for a whole day,_ he felt very happy since the cr
7、op did“grow”higher.but 表示转折表示转折“但是但是”I have finished reading all the books_wereborrowed from my friend.that点拨：点拨：that是主句是主句Ibooks 和定语从句之间的连接词。和定语从句之间的连接词。技巧技巧6：若结构较完整，空格后的谓语若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词，表示强调或倒装的助动词词，表示强调或倒装的助动词(do,does,did等等)。The
8、book was gone but I _put it in Toms schoolbag.did“确实确实”用来加强语用来加强语气气Never before _he heard of such strange things!has点拨点拨:句子是倒装句，现在完句子是倒装句，现在完成时且主语是第三人称单数。成时且主语是第三人称单数。技巧技巧7：由特殊句式结构由特殊句式结构来判断空格应填的词。来判断空格应填的词。It wasthat为强调句型为强调句型 It was after I got home _I saw the text message.that He was_wild with jo
9、y that he jumped.so点津点津：so that句型句型括号内有提示词解题技巧括号内有提示词解题技巧主要考查主要考查:动词时态和语态、动词时态和语态、非谓语形式、名词、非谓语形式、名词、形容词和副词形容词和副词提示词是提示词是动词：动词：作谓语：辨清时态和语态作谓语：辨清时态和语态作非谓语作非谓语:v+ing/v+ed/to do词性转换词性转换副词，比较级，最高级，反义词，名词副词，比较级，最高级，反义词，名词提示词是提示词是形容词：形容词：提示词是提示词是副词：副词：形容词，比较级，最高级，反义词，形容词，比较级，最高级，反义词，名词名词提示词是提示词是名词：名词：形容词，副
10、词，复数，所有格形容词，副词，复数，所有格1._(speak)out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed.解析：解析：句中已有谓语句中已有谓语wont make，谓语前面应为谓语前面应为主语主语,故填故填非谓语非谓语动动词词Speaking.Exercises:Speaking2.Suddenly,he _(find)that he had run out of salt.found做谓语且句子为做谓语且句子为一般过去时一般过去时3.Lessons_(learn)in sports can help us in our dealing w
11、ith other people.点拨点拨 ：过去过去分词做后置定语分词做后置定语 learned/learnt4.There must be something_(serious)wrong with our society.解析：解析：要求填的词修饰要求填的词修饰形容形容词词wrong，作，作状状语，用语，用副副词，词，故填故填seriously。seriously 5.Your mistake caused a lot of_(necessity)work in the office.unnecessaryadj.“不必要的不必要的”修饰名词修饰名词work6.Once a habit
12、is formed,it is difficult,and sometimes _(possible)to get rid of.impossibleadj.“不可能的不可能的”做做is的表语的表语7.These people have made great_(contribute)to China with their work.contributions 8.He trained even_(hard)than before.harderthan 和和 even 都都 是比较级的标志是比较级的标志词类转化诀窍词类转化诀窍：副词副词名词名词形容词形容词 作主语，宾语填作主语，宾语填_ 作定语
13、，表语，补足语填作定语，表语，补足语填_ 修饰动词，形容词，副词修饰动词，形容词，副词,作作 状语状语,填填_ 1.Will _ matter if you dont take your breakfast?A short time ago,a test _ (give)in the United Sates.People of different _,from 12 to 83,were asked to have a test.During the experiment,these people were given all kinds of breakfasts,and sometime
14、s they got _ breakfast at all.Special tests were set up to see _ well their bodies worked and when they had eaten _ certain kind of breakfast.1 34562 it was given ages no how aThe results show that if a person eats a proper breakfast,he or she will work with better effect _ if he or she has no break
15、fast.This fact appears to be _(especial)true if a person works _ his brains.For example,if a student eats fruit,eggs,bread and milk before going to school,he will learn more quickly and listen with _ (much)attention in class.78910 more than with especially 2.A young man,while traveling through a des
16、ert,came across a spring of clear water._1_ water was sweet.He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder_ 2_ had been his teacher.After a four-day journey,the young man _ 3_ (present)the water to the old man.His teacher took a deep drink,smiled _ 4_ (warm),and thanked
17、 his student very much for the sweet water.The young man went home_ 5_ a happy heart.After the student left,the teacher let_6_student taste the water.He spit it out,_ 7_(say)it was awful.The who who presentedpresented warmly warmly withwith anotheranother saying sayingApparently,it was no longer fre
18、sh because of the old leather container.He asked his teacher,Sir,the water was awful.Why did you pretend to like_ 8_?The teacher replied,You tasted the water.I tasted the gift.The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love.Nothing could be _ 9_ (sweet).“We understand this lesson
19、best_ 10_ we receive gifts of love from children.Whether it is a cheap pipe or a diamond necklace,the proper response is appreciation.We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.it it sweeter when 3.Jane was walking round the department store.She remembered how difficult 1 was to choose a
20、 suitable Christmas present for her father.She wished that he was as easy_(please)as her mother,who was always delighted with perfume.Besides,shopping at this time of the year was not 3 pleasant experience:people stepped on your feet or 4 (push)you with their elbows(肘部肘部),hurrying ahead to get to a
21、bargain.Jane paused in front of a counter 5 some attractive ties were on display.“They are real silk,”the assistant tried to attract her.“Worth double the it pushed where2 to please a Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered.She found some good quality pipes 7 sale.She did not hesitate f
22、or long:although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while,she knew that this was a present which was bound to please 8 .When Jane got home,with her small but well-chosen present in her bag,her parents were already 9 table having supper.Her mother was excited.“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,”Jane 10 (inform).price.”But Jane knew from past experience that her 6 (choose)of ties hardly ever pleased her father.choice on him atwas informed HomeworkHomework语篇填空书P37:Passage 21,22
