1、A land of diversityBook 8 Unit 1话题词汇1.custom n.风俗；习惯风俗；习惯 2.civilization n.文明；文化文明；文化3.developed adj.发达的发达的 4.developing adj.发展中的发展中的 5.promising adj.有前途的有前途的 6.population n.人口人口 7.be situated in位于位于 8.consist of由由组成组成 9.own a diverse culture 拥有多元文化拥有多元文化 10.be rich in natural resources 自然资源丰富自然资源丰富
2、晨背佳作 积累素材 话题佳作假定你是李华，你校英文报假定你是李华，你校英文报“外国文化外国文化”栏目拟刊登美国节日风俗和中栏目拟刊登美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。请给你的美国朋友彼得写一封信约稿，要点如下：学生生活的短文。请给你的美国朋友彼得写一封信约稿，要点如下：1.栏目介绍；栏目介绍；2.稿件内容；稿件内容；3.稿件长度：约稿件长度：约400词；词；4.交稿日期：交稿日期：6月月28日前。日前。佳作欣赏Dear Peter，Id like to ask you to write an article for our schools English newspaper.The“Foreig
3、n Cultures”section in our newspaper is very popular among us students.It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries.Would you please write something about the culture in your part of the United States？And we would especially welcome articles about how Amer
4、icans spend their holidays and festivals，and the life of American high school students.You can write anything relevant so long as its interesting and informative.400 words would be fine.Could we have your article before June 28?Im looking forward to hearing from you.Yours，Li Hua名师点睛本文思路清晰，内容完整，语言简洁，
5、较好地完成了写作任务。本文思路清晰，内容完整，语言简洁，较好地完成了写作任务。在行文过程中，在行文过程中，be popular among，so long as，look forward to，hear from等高级词汇，以及过去分词作定语、宾语从句、条件状语等高级词汇，以及过去分词作定语、宾语从句、条件状语从句等高级句式运用得恰到好处。从句等高级句式运用得恰到好处。自主排查语境提升直击重点突破考点内容索引教材升华综合运用自主排查语境提升.写作必记单词写作必记单词1.n.手段；方法手段；方法 v.意味着意味着 adj.吝啬的吝啬的 n.意思；意义意思；意义2.n.大多数；大半大多数；大半 n
6、.(反义词反义词)少数；少数民族少数；少数民族3.vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人选择；决定做某事；选举某人 n.选举；当选；选举权选举；当选；选举权重点单词重点单词1meansmeanmeaningmajorityminorityelectelection4.n.申请人申请人 v.应用；申请；请求应用；申请；请求 n.申请；应用申请；应用5.vi.发生；出现发生；出现6.vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示指出；标示；表明；暗示7.vt.&n.租用；雇用租用；雇用8.n.处罚；惩罚处罚；惩罚 v.处罚；惩罚处罚；惩罚9.vt.&vi.改革；革新改革；革新 n.改革；改造；改良改革；改造；改良appl
7、icantapplyapplicationoccurindicatehirepunishmentpunishreform.阅读识记单词阅读识记单词10.distinct adj._11.hardship n._12.percentage n._ n.百分比，百分数百分比，百分数 adj.百分之百分之的的13.boom n._ vi._14.aircraft n._清晰的；明显的；明确的清晰的；明显的；明确的苦难；困苦苦难；困苦百分比；百分率百分比；百分率percent(人口、贸易的人口、贸易的)繁荣繁荣处于经济迅速发展时期处于经济迅速发展时期飞行器；航空器；飞机飞行器；航空器；飞机15.rac
8、ial adj._ n.种，种族；人种种，种族；人种 vt.&vi.(和和)比赛，比赛，(使使)参加比赛参加比赛16.crossing n._17.vice n.&adj._18.apparent adj._19.conductor n._ vt.&vi.引导；带领；管理引导；带领；管理20.slip vi._ n._人种的；种族的人种的；种族的race横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道代理；副职代理；副职显而易见的；显然的；表面上的显而易见的；显然的；表面上的(公车公车)售票员；列车员；售票员；列车员；(乐队乐队)指挥指挥conduct滑动；滑行；滑跤滑动；滑行；滑
9、跤滑动；滑倒滑动；滑倒21.nowhere adv._22.justice n._23.mourn vt.&vi._24.authority n._25.grasp vt.&n._26.insert vt._无处；到处都无无处；到处都无正义；公平正义；公平哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛权威；权力；当局；官方权威；权力；当局；官方抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会插入；嵌入插入；嵌入语境活用 用所给词的正确形式填空用所给词的正确形式填空1.Have you heard about the recent (elect)?Sure，it has been the only thi
10、ng on the news for the last three days.2.Drunk driving，which was once a frequent (occur)，is now under control.3.I learned that shouting and threats of (punish)would result in a disaster.(2014湖北湖北)4.To my delight，I was chosen from hundreds of (apply)to attend the opening ceremony.(2015福建福建)electionoc
11、currencepunishmentapplicants5.Graphs can be a very useful tool for conveying information，especially numbers，(percent)，and other data.(2015浙江浙江)6.The new discoveries show that Chinese silk was (apparent)present in the West long before the Han emperor started organized trade over the Silk Road.percent
12、agesapparently1.继续存在；继续生存继续存在；继续生存2.用用办法；借助办法；借助3.习惯于新的生活方式、工作等习惯于新的生活方式、工作等4.坚持；维持；沿袭坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等风俗、传统等)5.背靠背背靠背6.与与合作或一起工作合作或一起工作7.用线画出范围；标出用线画出范围；标出界线界线8.包括；吸收包括；吸收9.许多；很多许多；很多10.申请；请示得到申请；请示得到高频短语高频短语2live onby means of.make a lifekeep upback to backteam up with.mark outtake ina great/good ma
13、nyapply for语境活用运用上述短语完成片段运用上述短语完成片段It is reported that thousands of farmers come from the countryside moved to the cities.The majority of them can 1.(与与合合作作)each other to 2.(谋生谋生)in the cities，despite great hardships，and apparently，some even have 3.(申请申请)the right to live in the city.They have made
14、great contributions to the boom of the cities 4.(通过通过)working hard.team up withmake a lifeapplied forby means of1.the third largest.1.the third largest.California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population.加利福尼亚是美国第三大州，但有最多的人口。加利福尼亚是美国第三大州，但有最多的人口。仿写仿写在一年后的柏林世锦赛上她以在一年后的柏林世锦
15、赛上她以10.73秒的成绩再次夺得金牌，这是秒的成绩再次夺得金牌，这是有史以来第四快的时间。有史以来第四快的时间。(2016江苏江苏)She did it again one year on at the World Championships in Berlin，becoming world champion with a time of 10.73 ever.经典句式经典句式3the fourth fastest time2 2.It is likely that.It is likely that.However，it is likely that Native Americans we
16、re living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.然而，土著美国人很有可能在至少一万五千年前就在加利福尼亚生活了。然而，土著美国人很有可能在至少一万五千年前就在加利福尼亚生活了。仿写仿写我想他很可能明天到达。我想他很可能明天到达。I think tomorrow.it is likely that he will arrive3.3.That/This is why.That/This is why.That is why today over 40%of Californians speak Spanish as a fi
17、rst or second language.那就是今天有超过那就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。语言的原因。仿写仿写他未经允许就离开了工作岗位，这就是我生他的气的原因。他未经允许就离开了工作岗位，这就是我生他的气的原因。He went away from his post without permission and .this waswhy I was angry with him4.4.by the timeby the time从句By the time California elected to become
18、the thirtyfirst federal state of the USA in 1850，it was already a multicultural society.到到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候，它已经是一个有着多个州的时候，它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。种文化的社会了。仿写仿写小组成员起身离开时，外面正下着瓢泼大雨。小组成员起身离开时，外面正下着瓢泼大雨。(2016全国全国)，it was pouring outside.By the time the group got up to leave5.5.现在完成进行时(have/has
19、been doing.)(have/has been doing.)People from Africa have been living in California since the 1800s，when they moved north from Mexico.来自非洲的人从十九世纪八十年代以来就一直生活在加利福尼亚，当时他来自非洲的人从十九世纪八十年代以来就一直生活在加利福尼亚，当时他们是从墨西哥迁居北方的。们是从墨西哥迁居北方的。仿写仿写请问，你们在等哪场电影？请问，你们在等哪场电影？最新的星际大战，我们在这儿已经等了两个小时了。最新的星际大战，我们在这儿已经等了两个小时了。(201
20、6北京北京)Excuse me，which movie are you waiting for?The new Star Wars.We here for more than two hours.have been waiting直击重点突破考点边讲边练突破核心词汇自主训练突破常考词汇点拨规律突破经典句型(1)He had no mobile phone or other means to get in touch with his parents.他没有手机，也没有其他方式和他的父母取得联系。他没有手机，也没有其他方式和他的父母取得联系。(2)It is easy to understand
21、 spoken English.听懂英语口语绝非易事。听懂英语口语绝非易事。1means n.手段；方式；方法；财富；收入手段；方式；方法；财富；收入突破核心词汇边讲边练by no meansby means of用用办法；借助办法；借助by all means当然可以当然可以by no meansnot by any means绝不，一点也不绝不，一点也不基础知识训练基础知识训练单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)Every possible means (try)，but none worked.(2)I know the monkey on his back cant be removed b
22、y means.(3)He succeeded by means perseverance.写作能力提升写作能力提升句式升级句式升级(4)She is by no means an inexperienced teacher.(改为倒装句改为倒装句)层级训练has been triedanyofBy no means is she an inexperienced teacher.(1)The majority of them take an online language test before starting their programme.他们中的大多数在开始这个课程前参加网上语言测试
23、。他们中的大多数在开始这个课程前参加网上语言测试。(2016天津天津)(2)Only a minority of people in that city do not have a car while the people taking subway to work are .在那个城市只有少数人没有汽车，但是乘坐地铁上班的人却占了大多数。在那个城市只有少数人没有汽车，但是乘坐地铁上班的人却占了大多数。(3)She was elected 749.她以她以749票的多数票当选。票的多数票当选。2majority n.大部分；大多数；大半大部分；大多数；大半in the/a majorityby
24、/with a majority of(1)in a/the majority占大多数占大多数by/with a majority of以大多数以大多数(2)major in主修主修名师点拨名师点拨(1)the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。单独作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。(2)“the/a majority of名词名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数与作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后面的后面的名词保持一致。名词保持一致。基础知识训练基础知识训练单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)The majority (be)in favor of the proposal.(2)
25、The majority who attended the meeting yesterday (be)students.(3)The majority of the damage (be)easy to repair.写作能力提升写作能力提升一句多译一句多译(4)我在大学里主修英语。我在大学里主修英语。(major n.)(major n.)(major v.)层级训练was/werewereisIm an English major at university.My major is English at university.I major in English at universit
26、y.(1)Years ago，a critical event occurred in my life that would change it forever.数年前发生了一件将永远改变我生活的大事。数年前发生了一件将永远改变我生活的大事。(2016江苏江苏)(2)he had an important conference to attend the next morning.他突然想到第二天早上要出席一个重要的会议。他突然想到第二天早上要出席一个重要的会议。3occur vi.发生；存在；出现；发生；存在；出现；(想法想法)产生产生It occurred to him thatsth.o
27、ccurs/occurred to sb.某人突然想起某事；某人发生某事某人突然想起某事；某人发生某事It occurs/occurred to sb.that./to do.某人突然想起某人突然想起名师点拨名师点拨表示表示“某人想起某人想起”的短语还有：的短语还有：sth.strike/hit sb.，sb.hit/strike on sth.，e to sb.，e into ones mind等。等。基础知识训练基础知识训练单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)An idea occurred me.(2)An idea came my mind.(3)I hit/struck an idea.(
28、4)It didnt occur to her (ask)for help.写作能力提升写作能力提升句式升级句式升级(5)When I got home，I suddenly remembered that I had left my book in the classroom.(用用occur改写改写)When I got home，I had left my book in the classroom.层级训练tointoonto askit occurred to me that(1)They settled down in Canada and made a life for them
29、selves.他们在加拿大定居下来，他们在加拿大定居下来，习惯了新的生活方式。习惯了新的生活方式。(2)To our surprise，he soon.令我们吃惊的是，他很快苏醒了。令我们吃惊的是，他很快苏醒了。(3)The unemployed usually .失业的人生活一般很困难。失业的人生活一般很困难。4make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生came to lifelead a hard lifecome to life苏醒过来，恢复生气；变得更有趣；变得活跃苏醒过来，恢复生气；变得更有趣；变得活跃come back to life苏醒
30、过来；死而复生苏醒过来；死而复生live/lead a.life过着过着的生活的生活bring.back to life使使苏醒过来苏醒过来基础知识训练基础知识训练短语填空短语填空 层级训练make a life，bring.back to life，come back to life(1)The doctor believes he can her .(2)After a while the sick man.(3)They went to the West and decided there.bringback to lifecame back to lifeto make a life写
31、作能力提升写作能力提升高考小作文高考小作文(4)在接下来的三年，我们的学校生活将会非常具有挑战性，你会努力在接下来的三年，我们的学校生活将会非常具有挑战性，你会努力习惯新的生活方式。习惯新的生活方式。In the coming three years，our school life will be challenging and you will try to make a life for yourself.(1)The more fat you take in before bedtime，the greater burden you will put on your body at ni
32、ght.你睡觉前吸收的脂肪越多，晚上对你的身体的负担越重。你睡觉前吸收的脂肪越多，晚上对你的身体的负担越重。(2016四川四川)(2)When she graduated，she journalism.她毕业后从事新闻业。她毕业后从事新闻业。5take in把把(某物某物)拿进来；包括；吸收；吸入；收留拿进来；包括；吸收；吸入；收留(某人某人)住宿；住宿；接纳；理解；欺骗；去看接纳；理解；欺骗；去看(电影、名胜电影、名胜)took uptake off起飞；脱下；迅速流行；起飞；脱下；迅速流行；(事业等事业等)步入正轨，腾飞步入正轨，腾飞take over接管；继承；支配接管；继承；支配tak
33、e on呈现；雇用呈现；雇用take up从事；继续；拿起；占据从事；继续；拿起；占据 层级训练欺骗欺骗领会，理解领会，理解收留收留吸收吸收观看观看包括，包含包括，包含基础知识训练基础知识训练写出下列句子中写出下列句子中take in的汉语意思的汉语意思(1)He certainly took us in with his stories about his experiences in Mexico._(2)Gazing up into his eyes，she seemed to take in all he said._(3)He was homeless，so we took him
34、in._(4)They will certainly need to take in plenty of liquid._(5)I was wondering if you might want to take in a movie with me this evening._(6)The tour takes in six European capitals._写作能力提升写作能力提升用用take短语的正确形式填空短语的正确形式填空(7)18岁时，他接管了父亲的公司。作为总经理，他吸纳了大量人才，岁时，他接管了父亲的公司。作为总经理，他吸纳了大量人才，这使他的公司呈现新的面貌。最终，他的事业
35、步入正轨。这使他的公司呈现新的面貌。最终，他的事业步入正轨。At the age of 18，he his fathers company.As a chief manager，he a number of talents，which made his company a new look.At last，his career .took overtook intake ontook offkeep up坚持；维持；继续坚持；维持；继续(某活动某活动)；沿袭；沿袭(风俗、传统等风俗、传统等)；使使(斗志斗志)不低落；不低落；(天气天气)持续不变持续不变突破常考词汇自主训练6写出下列句子中写出下
36、列句子中keep up的汉语意思的汉语意思(1)Many people keep up this old tradition._(2)The wet weather will keep up for three days._(3)The high cost of building materials keeps the house price up._(4)They sang songs to keep their spirits up._沿袭沿袭(天气天气)持续不变持续不变保持保持使不低落使不低落7California is the third largest state in the US
37、A but has the largest population.加利福尼亚是美国第三大州，但有最多的人口。加利福尼亚是美国第三大州，但有最多的人口。突破经典句型点拨规律点拨规律句型：句型：the third largest.(1)Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends.开始交谈是结交新朋友的第二个最重要的步骤。开始交谈是结交新朋友的第二个最重要的步骤。(2)Thames River is river in Britain.泰晤士河是英国第二大河，也是英国最重要的河。泰晤士河
38、是英国第二大河，也是英国最重要的河。形容词的最高级前面可以被序数词以及形容词的最高级前面可以被序数词以及by far，much，almost，nearly，not quite等词修饰。等词修饰。the second longest and most important翻译句子翻译句子(1)在所有学生中，杰克的数学几乎是最好的。在所有学生中，杰克的数学几乎是最好的。(2)海南岛是中国第二大岛。海南岛是中国第二大岛。(3)亚洲是目前世界上最大的洲。亚洲是目前世界上最大的洲。即时训练Of all the students，Jack is almost the best in maths.Hainan
39、 Island is Chinas second largest island./Hainan Island is the second largest island of China.Asia is by far the largest continent in the world.8By the time California elected to become the thirtyfirst federal state of the USA in 1850，it was already a multicultural society.到到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第年加利福尼亚成为美国
40、第31个州的时候，它已经是一个有个州的时候，它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。着多种文化的社会了。句型：句型：by the time从句从句(1)I was exhausted by the time I got home.我到家时已经精疲力尽了。我到家时已经精疲力尽了。(剑桥词典剑桥词典)(2)，he had learned mathematics all by himself.到他到他12岁时，他已经自学了数学。岁时，他已经自学了数学。By the time he was twelve(1)by the time从句，意为从句，意为“当当的时候的时候”，只是说过去某个时候，只是说过去某个时
41、候的状况，主句常用一般过去时。的状况，主句常用一般过去时。(2)by the time引导时间状语从句，意为引导时间状语从句，意为“到到时候为止时候为止”。by the time一般过去时，主句常用过去完成时。一般过去时，主句常用过去完成时。by the time一般现在时，主句常用现在完成时或将来完成时。一般现在时，主句常用现在完成时或将来完成时。(3)“by时间状语时间状语”主句谓语动词常用完成时形式。主句谓语动词常用完成时形式。基础知识训练基础知识训练单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)Mr.Mat (persuade)to give up smoking in the office by t
42、he time he started his new job.(2)We(learn)Book 8 by the end of next month.(3)By now，people (realize)its importance.层级训练had been persuadedwill have learnedhave realized写作能力提升写作能力提升完成句子完成句子(4)等到大概一年之后他回到家乡，他的房子已经被破坏了。等到大概一年之后他回到家乡，他的房子已经被破坏了。By the time almost a year later，his houses .(5)等他们到这里时，我们将会
43、已经把工作做完。等他们到这里时，我们将会已经把工作做完。By the time ，we the work.he returnedhad beendestroyedthey get herewill have finished教材升华综合运用.教材与语法填空教材与语法填空California is the third largest state in the USA 1.has the largest population.2.is the most multicultural state in the USA.This is not 3.(surprise)when you know the
44、history of California which has attracted people from nearly every country in the world.No one really knows when the first settlers arrived in 4.we now know as California.Scientists believe that the Native Americans reached America 5.means of a land bridge.In the 18th century California was ruled by
45、 Spain.butItsurprisingwhatbyOf the first Spanish to go to California，the majority were religious men.In 1848，gold was discovered in California and 6.dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people from all over the world.In fact,7.achieved their dream，but most remained in California to make a life f
46、or 8.(they).In more recent decades，California has become home to 9.(many)people from Asia.It 10._ (believe)that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups.thefewthemselvesmoreis believed.教材与短文改错教材与短文改错George arrived early on t
47、he morning by bus.He went straight to the hotel and dropped his luggage，then he went explore.The first thing was a ride on cable car.From top of the hill he gets a spectacular view of San Francisco Bay and the city.Building in 1873，the cable car system was being invented by Andrew Hallidie.He wanted
48、 to find a better form of transport than horsedrawn trams.inexploringagotBuiltApparent，he had been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in that a tram slipped down the hill dragging the horses with it.With so many exploring，he was exhausting and had a rest.whichmuchexhaustedApparently.教材与微写作教材与微写
49、作写作素材写作素材(关于美国关于美国)1.在美国，你会遇到来自不同国家的人，他们中的在美国，你会遇到来自不同国家的人，他们中的大多数大多数来自欧洲。来自欧洲。2.世界上世界上没有没有其他其他地方地方吸引如此多的吸引如此多的移民移民。3.他们遭受了他们遭受了苦难苦难和和种族种族偏见但设法在那里偏见但设法在那里开创了新生活开创了新生活。4.同时，他们的风俗被同时，他们的风俗被沿袭沿袭了下来。了下来。5.那就是为什么我们认为美国是那就是为什么我们认为美国是多元文化多元文化的国家。的国家。提示：提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用whom引导的定语从句，引导的
50、定语从句，why引导的表语从句。引导的表语从句。连句成篇连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文词左右的英语短文)In America，you will meet people from different countries，the majority of whom come from Europe.Nowhere else in the world attracts so many immigrants.They suffered hardships and racial prejudice but managed to make a life there and
