1、定语从句GrammarThe Attributive Clause什么是定语他是一位真正的耕耘者。当他还是一个乡村教师的时候，已经具有颠覆世界权威的胆识；当他名满天下的时候，却仍然只是专注于田畴。淡泊名利，一介农夫，播撒智慧，收获淡泊名利，一介农夫，播撒智慧，收获富足富足。他毕生的梦想，就是让所有人远离饥饿。喜看稻菽千重浪，最是风流袁隆平！He is a genuine cultivator.When he was a rural teacher,he had already owned courage and insight to redefine the world authority.A
2、lthough he has gained applause from the whole world,he is a person who still devotes himself to nothing but working the land.“Money is nothing;fame is burden”best defines him,a simple farmer.He sows the seeds of wisdom and harvests abundance.His dream is to make all the people stop suffering starvat
3、ion.How joyous it is to see the barleys waving in the breeze!How distinguished and admirable is our farming pioneer,Yuan Longping!定语定语可以由可以由单词单词、短语短语、非谓语非谓语或或从句从句等担当，对等担当，对先行词（名词、代词）先行词（名词、代词）修饰限定。修饰限定。定语从句之结构Yuan Longping who devoted himself to promoting the output of hybrid rice was awarded the Me
4、dal of the Republic.先行词先行词定语从句定语从句引导词引导词/关系词关系词定语从句之结构Yuan Longping devoted himself to promoting the output of hybrid rice，which made people moved.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句先行词先行词引导词引导词/关系词关系词先行词：先行词：被修饰的名词或者代词关系词：关系词：1.连接作用 2.充当成分 3.指代先行词定语从句之结构定定语语从从句句分类分类 限定性定语从句限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句 (that、why不可用不可用)结构结构
5、先行词先行词+关系词关系词+定语从句定语从句关系词关系词关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词指人的关系代词指人的关系代词:that/who/whom/whose_指物的关系代词指物的关系代词:that/which/whose/as时间：when_地点：where原因：why_关系代词的用法-that1.Paul didnt know hed soon get the chance that hed been waiting for.2.Paul was a basketball player that had a strong desire to play for the team.that 既可
6、以指也可以指，在定语从句中充当、或，做时可以。物人主语宾语表语宾语省略关系代词的用法-which1.When we werent playing on the court which was next to our building,we were watching a game on TV.2.All the extra hours which he had spent practicing alone paid off .which指，在定语从句中充当、，做时可以。物主语宾语宾语省略关系代词的用法-who1.Pauls favourite player was Tyrone Bogues,
7、a guy who played for the Charlotte Hornets.2.The man who I was sitting next to on the bench was Paul.who指，在定语从句中充当、，做时可以。人主语宾语宾语省略关系代词的用法-whom1.Our parents are the people whom we should tend to.2.The man whom I was sitting next to on the bench was Paul.whom指，在定语从句中充当，做时可以。人宾语宾语省略关系代词的用法-whose1.The B
8、ears,a team whose record this season had been perfect.2.Zhang Tian is a volunteer teacher whose story is recorded in the textbook.whose既可以指又可以指，在定语从句中充当物人定语。关系代词的用法-as1.As people often say,any exercise is better than none.2.As is known to us all,Yuan Longping makes great contributions to people all
9、over the world.as位于时，引导定语从句，意为“”，且常常为。句首非限制性正如、恰如固定表达关系代词的用法-asas引导非限制性定语从句常见结构有引导非限制性定语从句常见结构有as is well known/is known to allas has been said beforeas has been already pointed outas we all can seeas is expected/hoped/supposedas is often the case众所周知如前所述正如已经指出的正如我们所看到的正如所盼望的/希望的/料想的情况常常如此只能用that不能用
10、which的情况eg：Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?1.先行词既有又有时，人物eg：Is there anything that you want to say about this matter?All that you can do is to study harder.2.先行词为,等时，all everything something anything little much few some any不定代词eg：This is the most important thing that I
11、 learned from him.The first person that I met in that party is my husband now.3.当先行词被或者是修饰时，形容词最高级序数词只能用that不能用which的情况eg：This is the very book that I have been looking for several days.It is the only thing that I am interested in.4.当先行词被,修饰时the very the only the same the lasteg：Who is the man that
12、is talking to him?Which is the book that you borrowed from the library?5.当是以时，主句who或which开头的特殊疑问句只能用which不能用that的情况eg：Bogues was only 1.6 metres tall,which made him the shortest player ever in the NBA.1.在中,非限制性定语从句eg：There are a number of books in which you are interested.I will never forget the tim
13、e during which I spent my childhood in the country.2.关系代词有时，前介词只能用whom不能用who的情况eg：There was no person to whom she could turn for help in the dark street.1.关系代词有时，前介词小试牛刀(1)This is the very thing _ I can do to solve the difficult problem.(2)In our factory there are 2000 staff,two thirds of _ are fema
14、les.(3)When they met again,the two friends talked about lots of things and persons _ they could remember in the next school.(4)He is working hard,_ will make him pass the final exam.(5)Besides,anybody _ is feeling down can go for a run to cheer themselves up.(6)This is the company in _ my father onc
15、e worked.thatthatwhomwhichwhowhichthe way做先行词的特殊情况eg：The way that/in which/不填 he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.1.当the way在定语从句中做时，用做关系词状语that/in which/不填eg：The way that/which/不填 he explained to us was not difficult to understand.2.当the way在定语从句中做时，用做关系词宾语that/which/不填小
16、试牛刀(1)What surprised me was not what he said but the way _he said it.(2)Can you tell me the way _ the professor likes most.(3)They are looking for the way _ is the most beneficial to our health.that/which/不填不填that/in which/不填不填that/which定语从句关系代词总结：关系代词关系代词先行词先行词在句子中的所做成分在句子中的所做成分thatwhichwhowhomwhos
17、eas人、物人、物物物人人人人人、物人、物人、物人、物主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语主语、宾语主语、宾语主语、宾语宾语宾语定语定语主语、宾语主语、宾语小试牛刀(1)He was still usually on the bench,being just a replacement,_ was really tough on him.(2)You are also somebody _ worries about getting sick.(3)The Chinese migrants used to gather in a park to enjoy cultural activi
18、ties-one of _ was kung fu.(4)This is the third apple _ she has eaten in the afternoon.(5)He lives in a house _ windows face the north.(6)This is the best film _ I have ever seen.(7)Thats all _ I know about the young man living next door.(8)She is also a girl _ teachers often praise.(9)_ is often the
19、 case,he shouts when he gets angry.whichwhowhichthatwhosethatthatwhom/who/thatAs关系副词的用法-when1.I will never forget the time when I spent my childhood in the country.2.We live in an age when information is easier to get than before.when 指，在定语从句中充当。物时间状语关系副词的用法-where1.The village where Zhang Tian worke
20、d becomes better and better.2.It is helpful to put children in a situation where they can see them differently.where指，在定语从句中充当。物地点状语当先行词为表示抽象地点的名词situation,case,stage,point,spot等，且关系词在定语从句中充当状语时，用where做关系词。关系副词的用法-why2.The reason why Zhang Tian chose to be a volunteer is that he wanted a new lifesty
21、le.1.The reason why Joe calls himself a digital native is that he has been using the computer since he was a child.why指，在定语从句中充当。物原因状语小试牛刀(1)When I first came to the club,_ I met many strangers,I missed my parents very much.(2)I remember the day _ I first came to Jinxiu.(3)In the square _ many senio
22、r citizens were dancing,I found the kids were playing games.(4)We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance to come true.(5)He explained to the teacher the reason _ he was late for class.wherewhenwherewhenwhy定语从句关系副词总结：关系副词关系副词先行词先行词在句子中的所做成分在句子中的所做成分whenwherewhy物物物物物物时间状语时间状语地点状语地点状语原因
23、状语原因状语衔接高考(1)（2022年全国甲卷）On the 1,100.Kilometer journey,the man Cao Shengkang,_ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident,crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.(2)（2022年全国乙卷）They often run at high speeds,_ may put our lives in danger.(3)(2022年北京卷)That includes cups,bottles,an
24、d bags,most of _ are only good for one use.(4)（2021年浙江1月卷）BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool _gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.(5)（2020年全国I卷）China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot _ it could send signals to the spacecraft and
25、 to Earth.whowhichwhichwhichwhere衔接高考(6)（2020年新课标卷）In ancient China lived an artist _ paintings were almost lifelike.(7)（2019年全国卷II）Now Irene Asbury works from 9 am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,_ she opened with her husband.(8)（2018年全国卷I）They also had a small pond _ they raised fish.
26、(9)（2020年全国卷III）Understanding her good intentions,I eat all the food_ is provided by mom with appreciation.(10)（2019年全国卷I）One afternoon _ I was in primary school,I was walking by the school playground.(11)（2019年北京）The students benefitting most from college are those _ are totally engaged（参与）in acade
27、mic life,taking full advantage of chances and recources.whosewhichwherethatwhenwho语法衔接写作(1)（2019年全国卷II）我给你写信的目的是邀请你参加下周六在我们学校举办的音乐节。_(2)（2018年浙江卷）我写信申请我们学校英语协会所提供的职位。_(3)（2019年浙江卷）我很感谢你为提高我的英语所做的一切。_(4)（2014年辽宁）任何想参加这个活动的同学都可以联系我。_Im wiring to invite you to take part in the music festival that will be hosted in our school next Saturday.Im writing to apply for the position which is offered by our school English Association.I am grateful to you for everything that you did to improve my English.Anyone who wants to engage in the drive can contact me.
