1、主谓一致Subject-verb Agreement观察下列句子观察下列句子我是小猫我是小猫I I amam a cat.a cat.你是小猫你是小猫You You areare a cat.a cat.他是小猫他是小猫He He is is a cat.a cat.我们是小猫我们是小猫We We areare cats.cats.主谓一致：句子主语和谓语动词在主谓一致：句子主语和谓语动词在“人称人称”和和“数数”方面保持一致方面保持一致主谓一致主谓一致 三大原则三大原则语法一致010203意义一致就近一致eg.Time is money.Carrots are delicious.语法一致：
2、主语是单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式意义一致意义一致03主语形式上为复数复数，意义上是单数，谓语动词根据意义也用单数。02主语形式上为单数单数，但意义上是复数那么谓语动词也用复数。01语意上保持主谓一致语意上保持主谓一致：谓语动词的单复数是以主语所表达的单复数概念单复数概念而定的。The old are taken good care of in the old peoples home.Three years has passed since she came here.邻近原则邻近原则eg.You or Linda is to blame for th
3、e accident.Not Jack but his parents are going to Beijing.邻近原则是指谓语动词的单复数与最近的主语谓语动词的单复数与最近的主语保持一致。用于这种情况的连词有oror，eitheroreitheror，neithernorneithernor，not onlybut alsonot onlybut also，notbutnotbut谓语动词为谓语动词为单数单数可数名单；不可数名；不定代词作主语可数名单；不可数名；不定代词作主语Rice is mainly grown in the south of China.水稻主要种植在中国的南方。Th
4、e milk in the fridge is fresh.冰箱里的牛奶是新鲜的。Nobody knows the answer.没有人知道答案What he said has been recorded.他说的话已经被录音了。To read English aloud every morning does you a lot of good.每天清晨朗读英语对你有好处Reading often means learning.读书常意味着学习。从句、不定式、动名词作主语表时、金、表时、金、距、重、距、重、长作主语长作主语TimeTime waits for no man.时间不待人。Money
5、Money means nothing to him.金钱对于他来说毫无价值。Three thousand kilometresThree thousand kilometres is not very far.三千公里并不是很远。Eight Eight kilograms is too heavy.八公斤太重了具有具有“同一同一”，“单一单一”意义的词意义的词同一：同一个人、同一件事物The singer and writer has produced many works.这个歌手兼作家创作了许多作品。A knife and fork is easy for English people.
6、一副刀叉对英国人来说是容易使用的。加入一个the，变两个人单一：书名，剧名，国名。单一：书名，剧名，国名。The United States is in North America.美国在北美洲。One Thousand And One Night tells people lots of folk tales.一千零一夜给人们讲了很多民间故事。以以-ics结尾的表示学科名称的名结尾的表示学科名称的名词作主语。词作主语。Mathematics is my favorite subject.数学是我最喜欢的学科。数学是我最喜欢的学科。以以-s结尾的海峡、山脉、群岛作结尾的海峡、山脉、群岛作主语时
7、。主语时。Rocky Mountains stand in the west of North America.落基山脉坐落在北美洲西部。落基山脉坐落在北美洲西部。形复意单固定用法：固定用法：many a（许多）more than one（不止一个）the wholeeacheveryeitherneithereachand eacheveryand everynoand nomany aand many aMany a good man has been destroyed by drink.许多好人都毁在了饮酒上。Every man and every woman has a good r
8、eason to be proud of the work done by their parents.每个人都有充分的理由为他们父母所做的工作感到骄傲。Each boy and each girl has been invited to the party.每个男孩和女孩都被邀请来参加聚会。谓语动词为复数谓语动词为复数the+adj 表“一类人”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。The old are taken good care of here.在这，老年人被照顾得很好。两个单数主语用and或bothand，连接起来，表示两个不同的人或物时，谓语动词用复数Both coffee and milk
9、 tea are sell well.咖啡和奶茶都卖得很好。一些一些the poor 穷人the rich 富人the living 活着的人；生物the dead 死者the dying 垂死的人the injured 伤者the wounded 伤员the young 年轻人the ordinary 普通人the beautiful 美丽的事物the ugly 丑陋的东西the new 新生事物the old 旧事物；老年人the elderly 老年人；长者The Chinese _ hard-working.(be)表示某国人的总称的表示某国人的总称的the Chinese,the B
10、ritish,the Irish（爱（爱尔兰人）尔兰人）等做主语时，谓语动词用复数。等做主语时，谓语动词用复数。are具有复数意义的名词作主语，如具有复数意义的名词作主语，如police,cattle，people 作主语，谓语动词用复数作主语，谓语动词用复数The police _(search)for the murderer now.are searching 如:The scissors arent sharp.This pair of glasses is mine.These two pairs of scissors are homemade.（自制）clothes、shoes、
11、trousers、glasses、scissors等表示成双的东西的名词作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数形式。但是，当这些名词前有表示数量的pair时，要根据pair的单复数来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。a great deal of/a large amount of+n(u)作主语，谓语动词用单数，但large amounts of.作主语，谓语动词用复数。A large amount of grain_（have，has）been eaten by birds.Large amounts of grain_（have,has)been eaten by birds.hashave视情况而定集体
12、名词作主语如集体名词作主语如family,team,class,crowd,government,group,audience，如强调，如强调整体整体，谓语动词用单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式;如如果强调果强调集体中的成员集体中的成员，谓语动词用复数形式。，谓语动词用复数形式。The family _all fond of football.The family_the smallest unit of society.areis单复同形单复同形sheep（绵羊），deer（鹿）、fish（鱼）、crossroads（十字路口）当他们被单数限定词a a，everyevery，thisthis，t
13、hatthat等修饰时，谓语用单数。当他们被复数限定词allall，thesethese，thosethose等修饰时，谓语用复数。All possible means have been tried.Every possible means has been tried.all作主语指人时，谓语动词用复数；指物时，谓语动词常用单数。All have arrived here now.现在大家都到了。All was silent.万籁俱寂。主语中的名词或代词由分数、百分数或some ofsome of（一（一些）、些）、most ofmost of（大部分）、（大部分）、all ofall o
14、f（不少于）、（不少于）、the the rest ofrest of（其余的），（其余的），half ofhalf of（的一半）、的一半）、a lot a lot of/lots of,part ofof/lots of,part of（部分的）（部分的）等短语限定时，谓语动词的单复数由其后的名词决定2020 of the people in the city of the people in the city object toobject to the the price for running waterprice for running water（自来水）（自来水）going u
15、p.going up.Part of his story Part of his story waswas not true.not true.Those who have seen the film please put up（举起；提（举起；提高）高）your hands.The man who is speaking at the meeting is our chairman.定语从句中的主谓一致定语从句中关系代词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数应视先行词先行词的单复数而定。在在”one of+the+”one of+the+复数名词复数名词+定语从句定语从句”这种结构中，这种结构中，定语从
16、句所修饰的先行词应定语从句所修饰的先行词应为该复数名词，所以谓语动为该复数名词，所以谓语动词应使用复数形式，但是词应使用复数形式，但是oneone前面有前面有thethe或者或者the the onlyonly限定限定，即，即the the（onlyonly）one ofone of，谓语动词应使，谓语动词应使用单数。用单数。He is one of the teachers in our school who know Japanese.He is the only one of the teachers in our school who knows Janpanese.My brothe
17、r,together with his classmates (have)gone to Shanghai.The number of people invited (be)fifty,but a number of them were absent for different reasons.-Each of the students,working hard at his or her lessons,(hope)to go to university.-So do I.A large number of students in our school (be)boys.The pants (be)a bit too tight.用所给单词的正确形式填空用所给单词的正确形式填空hasishopingareareT h a n k s
